ABC++ is an excellent program that will help teach your children the basics of literacy before their first visit to school (from 4 to 6 years old). The application was created by domestic developers from the ORIENTAL VENTUS company. The main goal of this program is preschool literacy training for children.

Thanks to the talking alphabet for children, even the most fidgety can learn to read and write, because the entire learning process is organized in such a way that your child will definitely not be bored. The meaning is reminiscent of a computer game; he does not force the ABC book on children, but presents it beautifully. After clicking on a letter, you will see a number of items whose names begin with it. The child gets the opportunity to associate a symbol with an object, which makes it easier to learn all the letters.

In addition to many beautiful pictures, each of which corresponds to a specific letter, there is also a large team of teachers whom the children know and love. These are, for example, the famous rabbit Bunny, a fairy-tale prince named Ivan, Mickey Mouse, the hero Ilya Muromets, little Cinderella, everyone’s favorite Dunno, the cat Leopold and a host of other characters, each of whom is able to voice a letter in his own unique voice.

Choose the teacher who your child loves most, and all go together to an educational game with a polite alphabet that will perfectly prepare the little residents of your home for school in a playful way.

Azbuka++ will give your children not only useful knowledge, but also gives them a lot of positive emotions, similar to those they get after watching their favorite cartoon or playing a game. Your baby will learn all the letters of the alphabet and over three hundred words that are included in the alphabet (about 10 words per letter).

Download the alphabet for children to your computer

The program is written in Russian and is completely free. You can download its full official version below.

Hello! Did you know that an active and inquisitive baby is ready for primary education at the age of 3-4?

Therefore, if your son or daughter does not go to kindergarten or the kindergarten program is very easy, you can additionally study with your baby at home, gradually preparing for school.

For example, you can learn easy counting or letters of the alphabet. This can be done in a playful, interesting and fun way.

And from this article you will learn exactly how you can teach the alphabet with little ones.

Develop, learn new things, learn through fun and pleasure! If the material is useful to you, give it a thumbs up, share comments and repost.

Introduction

Written language is an important milestone in human development. In essence, writing is the result of achieving a certain level of understanding of spoken language. This is true for both humanity and man. Alas, parents often lose sight of the fact that the ability to read and write is based not so much on the fact that you teach your child to write letters, but on good speech development and a certain general level of personality maturity.

So that you do not have to force your child to learn letters, the little person must have enough life experience to be able and willing to express and write it down. If a child has enough books suitable for his age, then the desire to learn something new from them appears even before the child begins to speak.

But the child gains the ability to understand what he read much later. Later than he starts talking himself. Later than he begins to recognize letters, write letters. Later than he learns to put letters into words.

So we can say that the letters themselves are a small component of the ability to read. Frankly, the importance of letters in teaching preschoolers is overblown and commercialized.

Images of letters of varying quality cover many toys and objects intended for younger preschoolers: tables, cubes, rattles, magnets from baby food, sound alphabets... At what age is it really better to learn letters and how to do it, what to choose to help you among the vast sea toys and aids?

At what age do you learn letters?

At what age should a child be taught letters? It is a fairly reasonable idea that it is appropriate to introduce complementary feeding to infants at the moment when they begin to show interest in adult food. Today's children are surrounded by letters and signatures, and for most of them you can notice the moment when they start asking about letters and numbers "what is it?" or even point to a separate large letter. It makes sense to respond to the child’s request and teach him letters when he shows interest in them.

If you name any image or object, the child will certainly want you to repeat again and again a new or difficult name or word. Your task is to clearly, distinctly and slowly say what the baby asks, and as many times as he asks. It is at this moment that the audio alphabet can come in handy.

Sound alphabet

As an idea, the sound alphabet largely meets the criteria of Montessori material:

However, the actual implementation of most teaching aids of this kind does not stand up to criticism. A significant part of the products of Chinese industry are voiced by non-native Russian speakers, which is why the proposed sound sample is completely unacceptable.

Even if the alphabet is sounded well, I only once managed to come across one in which the letter was read as “r” and not called as “er”. I talked in more detail about why the alphabet, intermediary pictures and letter names instead of reading them are harmful for learning to read in the article “When to start teaching a child to read?”

Manufacturers probably think that if they just make clearly and large letters, when you click on each of them, the letter is read clearly and clearly, the manual will be boring. It's a delusion. Any colorful pictures, letters in the form of men or decorated with curls, additional melodies, flashing lights create an irritating background that makes it difficult to concentrate on the connection between the grapheme and its reading.

I would also include the high cost as a disadvantage of sound alphabets: a well-made copy that is not harmful to offer to children costs quite a lot. Meanwhile, it is quite possible to do without an automated letter namer if you read to your child the letters he asks for, simply as he goes through life, in books and signs, signatures and labels.

Yes, in this case, the baby will depend on the adult, but, on the other hand, along with reading books, reading individual letters is a good reason to communicate with each other, including in “camping” situations, when you need to keep the child occupied in a queue, in transport , on the way home. Thus, in order to teach a child letters, the sound alphabet for children is more of a luxury item than a necessity.

Basic Concepts

As already mentioned, you can read letters to your child when the child asks you to do so. Letter knowledge is that:

Accordingly, in order to learn letters, it is necessary for the child not only to speak in sentences, but also to pronounce most of the sounds of his native speech.

Before you start teaching your child to write letters, you need to have fine control of your hand, the ability to hold a pencil and pen correctly, and the ability to control movements well in writing. By the way, this is an argument in favor of not rushing to learn to write: in the first three years of life, the dominance of the leading hand is just showing itself.

The safest route is to let your child experiment with drawing and eating with both hands. Gradually, the child will feel which hand he is able to act more subtly and more accurately, and will become confident in his choice of the leading hand. Retraining left-handers is extremely dangerous for their development and mental well-being.

Children's brains are flexible enough to succumb to environmental pressures, but not flexible enough to remain extremely efficient when forced to act with their non-dominant hand. So, when teaching writing very early, there is a risk of dooming the child to the burden of overlearning, without even knowing that this has happened.

In free drawing, the child learns to understand the space of the sheet. In coloring - purposefulness, the ability not only to write, but also to stop the line on time.

If the child is well prepared to perceive written language, then the question: “How to make a child learn letters?” does not arise - a mature need gives rise to interest.

How to learn letters in Montessori

In the Montessori system, there is a well-thought-out chain of materials that consistently prepare the child for writing and reading, and then allow them to directly master them. One of the key ideas of M. Montessori, formulated on the basis of observations of children, is that the mastery of written speech comes from writing to reading, and not from reading to writing.

The movement from writing to reading has many benefits. It generally corresponds to the logic of the emergence of writing. It is much easier to read something that you yourself have already written, and therefore know what the text is about, than an unfamiliar text from someone else. In addition, in the Russian language, the same letter conveys different phonemes, but phonemes are almost always conveyed by the same letter. That is, to write [s'] you definitely need the letter “s”, but if you see the letter “s” in a word, then it can mean both [s] and [s’].

It is much clearer to first write down “yozhik” and read such a simplified notation, and only then learn to replace “yo” with “yo”. Based on an understanding of the presence of “y” in a number of vowel letters, it is much easier to correctly read vowels that in a letter either represent two sounds or affect the reading of the preceding consonant. If you go from letter to sound, it is more difficult to feel this logic.

Introducing Montessori materials: rough letters

Montessori teaching materials for writing require initial exposure to capital letters because they are easier to write. Printed letters must be written in strokes, so when writing you need to simultaneously monitor the quality and direction of the line, and when the stroke should end.

Stopping or interrupting an action is a difficult skill in itself, so capital letters, where line interruption is minimized and the letters themselves are rounded, are easier in their own way to write.

If a child goes to a Montessori class, then he has enough time to work through the entire chain of intercontinuous materials in the language zone. If the child goes to a regular kindergarten, where he spends most of the day, and is faced with the requirements of a different approach to learning to read, then additional classes directly with Montessori materials will overload and confuse the child.

There will be too little time for full-fledged free work with Montessori materials. It is unlikely that the benefits of such additional activities will outweigh the harm.

However, to some extent, the logic of the Montessori approach to teaching writing and reading can be taken into account, even if this approach is not the main one for the child.

How to teach letters with children from 3 years old?

At an early age, it is important to focus more on the general development of gross and fine motor skills, the development of spoken language, and introduce children to the very idea that a book tells a story, and this story is fixed, that this immutability of the text is associated with the inscriptions. If a child directly asks about letters: “What is this?”, and you see that he is highlighting a separate letter in a word, then you can read it.

The best way to prepare your hand for writing is free drawing and shading, coloring, as well as sewing, modeling, and grasping small objects with your fingers.

Creativity in a toddler group

The ability to maintain attention is important for reading, and it develops in any focused activity that arouses enough interest in the child for him to repeat it again and again. The skill of following a moving object with your eyes, for example, a ball in a ball, is useful: we perform a similar action when we run our eyes over a line of text.

If the child is older

By age 4-5, children will likely recognize letters visually, but the motor representation of the letter will require development. Feeling large letters, tracing wavy lines and letters (very large, 5–10 cm), sketching letters and ornaments prepares for understanding how a letter is made up of elements, and forming its motor image.

It is still important to listen to the books parents are reading. At this age, these can already be quite voluminous texts, with a complex plot and a small number of illustrations.

A little about preschoolers

At six or seven years old (if the child has not shown interest in reading earlier), you can begin to read simple words, and then texts. For this, any good primer will do, containing enough interesting reading material, selected from simple to complex.

I especially like the reading material given in E. Fedorin’s manual “I’m learning to read! A practical guide for parents and tutors" and the book by O. Uzorova, E. Nefedova "Quick learning to read." The most important thing is not to stop reading aloud to children once they have learned to read a little on their own. Maintain the tradition of reading together for at least a few more years, until the child can read entire books “to himself” fluently.

It is important to encourage children to use writing in everyday life: write letters and notes to each other, cards and messages in fortune cookies, sign works in albums together, make labels and instructions. This is a huge space for creativity and collaboration, which gives writing its true meaning.

[Source: http://mchildren.ru/]

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What else do you need to know?

Hello, dear parents! If your children are still small, then I think you will be interested in the topic of how to properly teach letters with your child. After all, it is from this step that learning to read begins.

Today, my daughter is already 11 years old, and her success in learning began at an early age. At 2 years old, she spoke quite clearly in compound and complex sentences. And at the age of 5 I was already reading books on my own. The entire period between these ages was spent teaching my daughter to read. Is it a lot or a little - judge for yourself.

How to teach a child to talk is a separate topic; today we will only focus on how to learn the alphabet correctly. The word “correct” in this case has a subjective connotation, since I will only share personal advice that has worked in life. But if you are a supporter of scientifically based methods, then they are also available. I will list them very briefly. And only then I will share my experience.

Methods for learning the alphabet

Most often, such developments are called by the name of the author. If you want to get to know them better and use them in your practice, then finding their descriptions will not be difficult - they are all available on the Internet.

How to determine a child's readiness?

This question does not have a clear and categorical answer. Child psychologists and teachers call different age levels. Some people think that you should start learning at 2 years old, others recommend at 5-6 years old. I remember when Lera went to first grade, one of the parents asked our teacher at the first meeting: “Does a child have to be able to read by the age of 7?” To which our teacher replied: “Don’t worry, we will teach you everything.”

It is believed that the sooner a child masters new knowledge and skills, the better. The development of thinking, logic, and memory is more active. Later, it is easier for the child to study at school and absorb information from different areas of knowledge.

However, this point of view is not shared by everyone. Some psychologists believe that there is no need to rush - you need to acquire new skills according to your age. In particular, learn letters and start reading at the age of 6-7 (as programmed by the school curriculum).

In my opinion, one conclusion suggests itself - in relation to your child, you have the right to choose any development path. If a baby shows curiosity, a desire to learn new things, he has the potential for more active development, then should he be restrained and wait until he is 5-6-7 years old? And, conversely, if the child is not yet ready to voluntarily master the alphabet, does not show interest and lacks perseverance, then one should not rush things.

The criteria by which it is determined that it is already possible to start learning letters:

If you put a plus sign under all the points, then it’s time to start learning letters. Although regarding the last thesis I would not be so categorical. Life shows that not all children love books. And waiting for them to love them is pointless. For such kids, you can find other ways to learn letters, fortunately there are many of them.

How to learn letters - basic tips

As for my personal experience, my daughter and I started learning about letters at about 2.5 years old. I didn’t use any modern techniques and didn’t even spend time reading and mastering them. And it all started very unobtrusively - with the gradual reading of the alphabet. There were no special 10-15 minute lessons. I only used these things and techniques that I recommend to you:

The order of mastering letters

Most often there are recommendations to start studying with vowels. And lastly, master the letters that are considered difficult - “Ш”, “Ц”, “Ч” and the like. You may or may not follow this rule :) As for me, I did not adhere to such a principle. My daughter and I studied the alphabet randomly and the first ones were both vowels and consonants. Only “Y”, “b”, “b” were left for the finish line.

Pronunciation of letters

The child needs to name the sound that the letter makes, and not its name according to the Russian alphabet. That is, the abrupt “B”, not “Be”, the short “M”, not “eM”. It is also necessary to read the alphabet correctly, but this can be left “for later” (closer to the age of 7 or already at school), when the child learns the alphabet strictly in order.

Repetition

Don’t just name the letter to your child, but ask him to repeat it. Even sing the sound together. Those letter signs that the child has already become familiar with can be found anywhere for reinforcement.

For example, you are walking down the street, you see a sign “Pharmacy”, ask what the first letter is. If you bought cookies in the shape of the alphabet, ask your child to find familiar letters. While walking around the zoo, ask, among other things, what the word “Peacock” on the sign begins with.

Gradualism

Under no circumstances should you rush to learn the alphabet, especially if you started learning early - from 2, 3 or even 4 years old. Excessive pressure on your part can suppress interest and desire to learn letters. And don't forget to praise your child! A compliment received from you is an incentive to move forward!

Does your child get enough praise?

Proceed to familiarizing yourself with and memorizing the next letter only after the child has firmly memorized all the previous ones. And reading and putting into syllables should be started only after the child knows the entire alphabet (even if not in order), that is, can name each letter without hesitation.

Moderation

You should not overload your children with such activities. Still, for preschoolers, learning the alphabet is not a primary task. If you see that after five minutes the baby has lost interest in learning a new letter, switch his attention to something else. And come back to the alphabet another day. It will take months to learn letters with your child, so take your time.

What you need to learn letters

Books and ABCs

It is impossible to do without these helpers. Buy your child several different alphabet books (at least two). They should be bright and colorful. It is better if each letter is described - children perceive rhyme faster.

Now there are alphabets in which sound applications are mounted. That is, you press a button in the book and a letter sounds. With such books, the child will be able to study independently.

Read to your child as much as possible so that he develops an interest in books. And you need to start reading from birth, and not wait until X hour. And books should be different in design and quality. For example, in our home library there were several colorful books with CDs on which the text of a fairy tale from the book was recorded.

I turned on the disc, and my daughter sat with a book in her hands, listened and “read,” turning the pages in time. She could not read then, but I think that the desire and desire were spurred on well.

Games

The easiest way to learn letters is by playing. And children do this type of activity all the time, so all you have to do is play along with your baby. There are many ready-made games and creative supplies that can be adapted for learning letters:

Didactic material

This includes various cards with written letters, a magnetic board, cubes, posters with the alphabet (including sound ones). Many of these things will come in handy later, when you have to add syllables and words. We had magnetic letters, and later even the refrigerator was covered with words from them - from a child’s point of view, it turns out that this is more interesting than on the board.

If you have problems choosing the alphabet and other printed materials for learning letters, then you can look for the right one in this showcase. There are many wonderful colorful alphabet books and manuals, so choosing the materials your child needs will not be difficult. We had many of these things at home.

Cartoons

It’s hard to imagine a child’s life without cartoons. And it’s great when they can be combined with homeschooling. To reinforce the new letter, turn on the desired cartoon series for your child.

Now there are a lot of different animated series on this topic. These are the episodes with Luntik, with Auntie Sovunya, with Leva’s truck. There are other, less famous cartoons. Here's one of them. See how the letter “A” is introduced in this cartoon:

[Source: http://r-kopilka.ru/]

What do professionals say about age?

Maryana Bezrukikh, director of the Institute of Developmental Physiology of the Russian Academy of Education, professor, academician of the Russian Academy of Education, answers:

- At 3-4 years old, a child should not remember letters. At this age, the structures responsible for distinguishing letter characters have not yet been formed in the brain. Of course, a child can be trained. If you show him a card with the letter “I” every day and repeat: “And, and, and...”, he will remember. But the monkey will remember this too. For him this is not a sign, not a letter, but abracadabra. And the further it goes, the worse it gets.

If a child under 4 years of age is forced to read, an inadequate reading mechanism is formed. He catches the first 2-3 letters with his eyes and guesses the word. If you don't guess correctly, you have to go back to the beginning. The endless shuttle movement of the eyes tires, the child loses the meaning of what he read, and as a result, interest in the book is lost.

The brain maturity necessary for reading is developed in most children by the age of 5-6 years, and in only 20% by the age of 4-5. Moreover, at 3 years old a child is not required to know colors. You can tell, but not demand. At 3-4 years old, you need to expand your horizons, develop speech, correct pronunciation, learn to answer questions and ask them correctly.

Movement is very important - walking, standing, climbing stairs, picking up small parts, teaching yourself to eat, sing, dance, listen to music, and develop a sense of rhythm. There are no trifles in the development of a child.

Even catering is important - setting the table beautifully and putting out napkins. Many parents almost never sit down at the table with their child. They try to feed him quickly, then send him to play with toys and sit down at the table themselves. This is wrong, just as it is wrong to force people to finish eating. This creates an aversion to food.

[Source: http://www.aif.ru/]

4 games for children

When the method of the Italian teacher Maria Montessori had just become known in Russia, parents, passionate about the early development of their children, independently cut out rough letters - one of the main elements of the method of teaching reading. Today, this work has already been done by the publishing house, and fans of the method only need to acquire ready-made cards and a manual with exercises. We offer several games that will introduce your child to letters.

In order to write letters, a child must be able to control the muscles of his hand. The following tasks will help your child learn to control his hand with greater precision and strengthen his fingers - because in the future they will have to firmly hold the writing instrument.

You can very early invite your child to do exercises that, among other things, will add independence and independence to him in everyday life. The further he goes, the easier it will be for him to pour water into a glass, spread butter on bread, cut fruit, open and close jars and bottles. And the more the baby develops the strength of his hand, the sooner he masters control over its actions, the easier it will be for him to learn to write.

Draw with your finger in the sand. or on semolina

What children do on the beach can be done at home in the kitchen - just pour semolina onto a baking sheet or into a baking dish.

Draw a circle with your finger on the surface of the cereal, and inside it are two eyes and a smile. Shake the baking sheet lightly, and when your drawing disappears, invite your child to draw something himself.

By drawing with your child one by one, you can make a common picture - one for both of you: one of you will depict the head of a cat, the other - the ears, the first - the cat's body, the second - the tail, and so on.

Getting to know rough letters

In Montessori schools, children learn the alphabet using rough letters: Maria Montessori discovered that young children learn best by touching, listening and looking at the same time. If a child touches rough letters by looking at them and listening to their corresponding sounds, it is easier for him to learn which letter shape represents which sound.

To begin the lesson with rough letters, prepare a basket filled with objects whose names begin with the sounds corresponding to each letter of the alphabet.

Choose three from a set of rough letters, very different from each other in style and sound corresponding to the letter, for example: m, s and a.

Take one letter - for example, m - and place it on the table in front of you and your child. Say: Here is the letter that represents the sound [mm-mm] (This is [m]). Slowly move your index and middle fingers together over the letter while making the sound [mm-mm]. Repeat this again. The index and middle fingers are the ones that will need to remain pressed against each other when the child later picks up a pencil.

Ask your child: Can you pronounce the sound indicated by this letter? Sound [m]? Usually the child, repeating after you, responds to such a request with a moo: M-M-M. Confirm to him that he was not mistaken: Yes, it’s [mm-mm]. Repetition of sounds is a very important point.

Now invite your child to run his fingers over the letter while pronouncing the sound. Thanks to this, he will be able to perceive the letter in all sensory parameters at once: auditorily (he pronounces the sound, therefore, hears it), tactilely (he touches the letter) and visually (he looks at the letter).

Take from the basket an object whose name begins with the sound denoted by the selected letter. Let's say it's a tangerine. Say: [M] - the word tangerine begins with this sound and place the tangerine in front of you.

In exactly the same way, work with your child on the second and then the third letter you choose. Conduct such classes daily - and every day, before introducing new letters, you can repeat with your child the ones he already knows so that he realizes how many letters he knows.

If your child has forgotten one of the letters he knows, do not hesitate to include it in the top three that you are going to work with today.

At the end of the lesson, tell your child that he can ask you to play rough letters with him at any time, but that he can play them alone. The stronger the baby’s desire to do this, the faster he will move forward. Try to spend ten minutes playing with the three rough letters every day, but don't show your child more than three new letters at a time. But when he plays alone, he can, if he wants, discover new letters himself.

Sounds, letters and pictures

You will need rough letters and envelopes with cards: they will show objects whose names begin with sounds corresponding to different letters of the alphabet.

How to make cards? Bring magazines, postcards, old books to cut out from, scissors, glue, sheets of cardboard, envelopes and a marker. Cut out six to eight pictures of objects whose names begin with sounds corresponding to each letter of the alphabet (for example: avocado, pineapple, arch, car, aquarium, asters).

You will notice that some letters are easier to illustrate than others. Glue each picture onto a 10cm square piece of cardboard, place each set of cards in a thick envelope and carefully write the corresponding written letter (e.g. a) on each envelope.

How to play? Select a sound - for example, [a] - and invite the child to run his fingers along the corresponding rough letter in the right direction, while saying: [a-a-a].

Take out from the envelope pictures of objects whose names begin with [a]: avocado, pineapple, and so on. Invite your child to circle the letter, say the sound that the letter corresponds to, and attach the letter representing that sound to the picture.

Now invite him to open another envelope, a third, maybe more - up to five. You can continue classes as long as the child is full of energy, but you need to stop them even before he gets tired.

This type of activity will help the baby connect in his mind the concept of a letter and the sensations that arose from its image and the corresponding sound.

Ask the child, standing on tiptoes, to reach the letter t, put his hand on the letter f, jump on one leg to the letter c, then put his elbow on the letter, and so on. Pronounce the letters clearly, not forgetting the rules of phonetics.

Further - more interesting!

Modern parents sometimes go to extremes in matters of child development and education. Some work with the baby literally from the cradle, others believe that you need to leave the child alone and not deprive him of a happy and carefree childhood. But if you are thinking not only about how to teach your child the alphabet, but also about whether this should be done, the answer is unequivocal: it is necessary.

After all, letters surround us everywhere. And if you unobtrusively introduce your son or daughter to them from an early age, the child will know that this is such and such a letter as easily as knowing that this is a dog, this is a cat, and this is a dove.

In addition, some children themselves are interested in letters, and parents have no choice but to teach their child the alphabet at the age of 2-3. Remember the main rule: unobtrusiveness.

Why teach your child the alphabet?

Of course, a 4-5 year old toddler will learn all the letters much faster than a two or three year old child, who quickly loses interest in classes and quickly forgets everything. This leads parents to think that such work is inappropriate. But with early learning, letters will become a natural part of your child's life.

Remember that early development is not needed at all in order to praise your baby on the playground in front of other mothers. Some children at the age of one and a half years know all the letters, by the age of two they begin to merge them into syllables, and by the age of three they happily forget about this merger. A two-year-old child simply does not need to read.

Early exposure to the alphabet does not make children geniuses, but only contributes to the development of their natural abilities, while at the same time being a useful and exciting way for children to spend time together with their parents.

How to teach the alphabet to a child 1-3 years old

There are parents who follow the motto “it’s never too early to learn.” They hang letters drawn on A4 sheets of paper in the baby's room until he is one year old. There should only be one letter on one sheet. When the child is not sleeping, he is brought to the letters and called them. From time to time you should change the location of the letters on the wall and replace some letters with others.

Interesting letters-toys

For a child over one year old, you can buy a puzzle mat with letters, and after two years, a magnetic alphabet (you just need to make sure that the magnets do not fall out of the letters - the child may accidentally swallow them).

Please note that you need to teach your child sounds, not letters. That is, pronounce N, not EN, M, not EM. That is why you should abandon electronic aids in which the child clicks on an image, hears a letter and the word that begins with it, and sometimes also a song or tongue twister.

The child is unlikely to understand why there is a football player under the letter EF, and cheese under the letter Y. It will be much easier for him if this letter is simply called F and S.

Very tasty letters

You can make letters out of fruits or bake cookies in the shape of letters. Offer this alphabet to a child as early as 1.5-2 years old. After all, the toddler explores his surroundings by touch and taste. Why not take advantage of this? You can turn a regular meal into a fun activity. It is better to start with vowels, because they are easier to hum. Make the alphabet out of straws, crackers, marmalades, and sprigs of herbs.

Hand-made letters

Make letters from plasticine or salt dough, cut them out of colored paper. You can attach legs to the letters, and they will visit each other. You can draw a letter on a piece of paper and ask your child to color it in. Or you can “kill two birds with one stone” in one lesson. After drawing any letter on an A4 sheet of paper, cut out many identical geometric shapes, for example, triangles. By covering the inside of the large letter A with small triangles, the child will remember both the letter and the shape.

Letters - relatives and friends

An original way to teach a child the alphabet is to associate letters with photographs of family and friends. M - mom, P - dad, D - grandfather, V - Vova, I - Irina, etc. The game is exciting, the collection of photos can be constantly replenished, as well as a collection of drawings.

For example, after going to the zoo, a tiger may appear next to the letter T, and a monkey may appear next to the letter O. You can photograph and draw buses, cars, trees, and a playground. Everything that surrounds a child can be reflected in your home alphabet.

How to teach the alphabet to a child over 4 years old

Sandbox at home

In children of this age, fine motor skills are already better developed, so children can be asked to form letters from twigs, construction sets, pebbles and cereals. Pour various cereals into a large tray, draw a letter on a sheet of cardboard and coat it with glue. Let the baby sprinkle small grains on top - buckwheat, rice, corn.

This will develop both fine motor skills and imagination.

Board games with letters

Pay attention to lotto and cubes with letters: the simpler the image of the letter, the better. After all, the drawings may come across unfamiliar ones, which will only confuse the baby. By the way, cubes can be made together with your child from colored cardboard. Repeat the sounds of the letters as you play. On sale you can find dominoes with the alphabet and other adventure games with letters.

There are many techniques to help parents. Choose the one that is closest to you and your child. Let's look at the most popular of them.

Elena Bakhtina's technique is based on associations. The main teaching tool is the book “A Primer for Kids from Two to Five.” Each page contains one letter and explanations for parents in small print. In addition, there are pages with the same letters that need to be cut out and glued onto thick cardboard.

It turns out that you can play with letters. They become friends. The letter G has a beak and red paws, the letter Z has soft fluffy bunny ears, the D is made in the shape of a house, and the letter I is covered in candies (what kid doesn’t love candy?).

Nikolai Zaitsev’s method involves teaching not letters, but immediately letters, although there are letters here too. The main set consists of cubes (Zaitsev's cubes), which parents must glue together themselves, filling them with metal and wooden elements strictly according to the instructions, as well as tables with warehouses that will take up half the wall. But the child will see all the warehouses in the system, and the filling, size and color of the cubes will help him distinguish between dull and voiced, soft and hard warehouses.

Having taught the child the alphabet and taught him to read, parents will only have to support their child’s interest in reading by purchasing fascinating children’s literature. Then he will love books no less than cartoons. And a child who has read a couple of hundred books before school is noticeably ahead in development of his non-reading peers. In the future, the child will be provided with leading places everywhere - at school, gymnasium, and university. After all, reading is the basis of any learning.

Modern children begin to use a computer early and have knowledge that their parents did not yet have at that age. Therefore, modern interactive teaching aids are now becoming especially relevant.

The teachers of the “Presidential School” have created a series of teaching aids taking into account the developmental features of the modern child, the latest achievements in pedagogy, psychology, developmental physiology, their own many years of experience working with preschoolers and offer an effective solution for the high-quality preparation of modern children for further education!

Lessons based on the book will help your child:

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The book is compiled in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for preschool education and upbringing and will be an excellent assistant to parents and teachers in the training and development of children 3-4 years old. By performing simple exercises, the baby will quickly learn letters and learn to trace them along dotted lines, will connect objects whose names begin with the same letter, will be able to develop creative abilities, turning letters into various objects, as well as attention, memory, and thinking.

The tasks are focused on the real capabilities of children and are arranged in order of complexity. The book is addressed to talented, inquisitive children, their parents and teachers and can be used both at home and in group classes.

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Little children love it when their parents read them fairy tales before bed. The time has come to independently learn the basics of the alphabet, and on the pages of the gaming section of the Quicksave portal it is much more interesting and fun to do this. The vast world of the Russian language opens its doors to children. Fascinating and exciting online games become an excellent and effective alternative to familiar and boring lessons.

Incomprehensible symbols quickly turn into full-fledged sentences

Tomboys begin their acquaintance with the alphabet, writing and pronunciation of letters, composing simple sentences from them, etc. in a playful way. A huge number of useful, informative tasks are implemented in unique flash games from the categories:,. Choose the fun to suit your taste:

• Memorize letters and sounds;
• Embark on incredible adventures with fantastic characters in search of lost symbols;
• Solve primitive puzzles using colorful images;
• Form meaningful sentences from combinations of letters;

Thanks to the free interactive alphabet, you can very quickly master all the letters, getting real pleasure from the gameplay. Parents' support is also welcome to correct errors as quickly as possible and help in solving problems of increased complexity. It is advisable for preschoolers to devote time to studying the alphabet every day so that motivation does not disappear and all progress does not disappear.

An excellent selection of language exercises for little ones

Literacy and correct speech - such a solid bonus awaits little gamers after completing the entire training course. Basic reading and writing skills will be an excellent foundation in preparing boys and girls for a conscious life. Children will definitely appreciate the incomparable graphical interface and attractive gameplay: excellent visualization, large letters, simple words, bright symbols, a set of all kinds of tips, popular cartoon characters that help fidgets concentrate on what is happening.

Playing mini-applications without registration from Quicksave is very educational and not boring, and the knowledge gained from lessons on inserting missing letters into words, matching pictures and written words, and independently composing words from a certain set of letters will definitely help children in the future.

The optimal age for learning the alphabet is 5-6 years. By this time, the baby will no longer distort spoken sounds, will perceive information faster and remember it. Cognitive interest, aimed at studying the world around us and actively manifesting itself precisely during this period of child development, will be a huge help in mastering letters.

Introduction to the alphabet

Studying the alphabet should occur regularly and systematically, but the lessons should not tire the little student.

For this purpose, you can not only look at illustrations for fairy tales, imagine what the work will be about, and reflect on the behavior of the characters. Gradually developing reading interest will encourage the study of the alphabet and.

When your child is ready to learn, you can start learning letters. So that after becoming familiar with the letters, the child does not lose interest in reading activities, it is important to take into account several points.

• Sounds or letters?

You need to choose one option: learn either letters or sounds.

At the same time, it is important to understand that it is easier for children to distinguish sounds in a word ([b] - drum, compared to “be” - “drum”), and in the process of learning to read it will be easier for them to connect 2 sounds than 2 letters (“be” and “a” "they will read "baa" instead of "ba").

If the baby grasps everything on the fly, then he will be curious to know that letters are icons with the help of which the sounds made are encrypted, and their name is not always read the same way as the called sound.

• Immediately or gradually?

No need dump all the information on the child at once. Familiarization with letters should occur gradually.

You can spend not one, but several days on one letter until it becomes recognizable. Only then can you move on to the next one.

• Where to begin?

It is not always advisable to learn letters in alphabetical order. It is better to start with vowels, and then start getting acquainted with consonants. The most difficult letters are left for last (ь, ъ).

• What time are classes held?

Not worth it allocate a strictly defined time for classes: it is difficult for a child to engage in one type of activity for more than 10-15 minutes, and if you do not constantly consolidate what you have learned, then everything will be forgotten very quickly.

It is better to introduce the process of learning the alphabet into the student’s everyday life: in the morning they became familiar with the letter, laid it out for breakfast from vegetables, while walking they found words starting with this letter, and in the evening they painted it or made a model from scrap material.

• Carrot or stick?

Definitely the second - any punishments ultimately provoke the emergence of a negative attitude towards the activity that provoked them. And if the child is not interested in what he is doing, then all efforts will be in vain.

To motivate the student , increase confidence in your abilities, you need to praise him as often as possible for any success. For the same purpose, you should not conduct various types of tests and exams: all children are different, and they learn the material in different ways.

Methods for learning the alphabet

Any lesson should be conducted in a playful way, using a variety of methods that will help you remember all the information given (or at least most of it).

Learning will be easy and interesting if you use in the process:

• Entertaining tasks (puzzles “A letter is hidden”, “How many letters are on a line”, coloring pages, riddles, poems).
• Word games (“Identify the first sound”, “Which letter is hidden in the house if the owners are known”, “Find as many words as possible starting with the desired letter”).
• Association method (the adult names the letter, the child names the word starting with this letter).
• Practical methods (making the alphabet from plasticine, salt dough, natural material, fabric, etc.).
• Magnetic letters or cubes , from which it will be possible to add even whole words.
• Educational cartoons and videos.
• Computer games .

Letters learned in a non-standard situation are quickly remembered . For example, baking letters together, drawing letters on the snow or sand while walking, edible letters (from peas or corn on the surface of a salad, from cream on the top crust of a cake).

It will also be interesting and exciting to find letters hidden around (cloud in the form of “o”, tree trunks - “k”, pillars - “l”). If you use all the methods of memorization, then the process of learning the alphabet will be easy and fast.

“Teaching the alphabet to little ones is not a game, it’s serious,” professional teachers and educators will convince you. “Learning letters using a regular game takes a long time and is not always effective,” the developers of unique methods will say with a grin. “Board games for learning the alphabet? This is not enough!” the authors of books and computer games will note with all severity.

Don't believe it! Games for children will help you learn letters without daily reading, deterioration of vision from a monitor screen, attending paid classes and following strict rules of special techniques. Using these games, kids will find it interesting to learn letters. And you, dear parents, will save time and nerves.

Why board games for learning letters?

You're probably thinking, "Of course these guys will recommend board games, because every frog always praises his swamp." But that's not true! Let's say more, until recently, some of us did not believe that they work. We were convinced that games for learning the alphabet are even cooler than computer games only after we tested them on our children.

In just a few words, we will describe the advantages of boards for learning letters:

• an educational game presents the alphabet in a form that is already familiar to the child;
• in many games, letters are depicted together with fruits, vegetables, and favorite characters;
• The alphabet in games is presented in such a way that the child learns it not under duress, but voluntarily.

You won't even notice how board games will work a miracle - your child will start reading. And he will do it with pleasure! Below is a list of the most popular games for learning the Russian alphabet.

Animal letters

Age: from 4 years
Number of players: 2 — 5

Here are 5 games for kids in one box. They will help you learn Russian letters. The main feature is bright cards with animals and the complete absence of such a thing as “cramming”. The games consist of rounds, each of which brings participants closer to fully learning the alphabet. The one with the most cards wins.

BrainBox knowledge chest: ABC

Age: from 4 years
Number of players: from 1

The ABC from BrainBox includes 67 original cards with interesting tasks, a game dice and an hourglass. Participants learn to remember what is on the card and look for answers to questions. The game will appeal to both very young and slightly older children.

ABC with Ksyusha and Andryusha

Age: from 5 years
Number of players: 2 — 5

The game will help boys and girls learn the alphabet and expand their knowledge in such areas as culture and art, geography, animals and plants. There are tasks to develop visual memory, there is excitement, and a lot depends on luck. The winner will be the one who collects the previously agreed number of cards.

Magnetic alphabet “Where is the hedgehog?”

Age: from 3 years
Number of players: from 1

Before you is not just an alphabet, but the opportunity to do whatever your heart desires with letters. You can make mini-crosswords, catch words by the tail, find scattered letters. The educational alphabet develops visual memory, fine motor skills, logical thinking, and attentiveness. Magnetic letters are bright, stylish and retain their appearance for a long time, which is very important. Suitable for little ones - from 3 years old.

ABC Prostokvashino

Age: from 4 years
Number of players: 2 — 4

Teaches letters and first steps in reading. Significantly expands vocabulary, develops memory and attentiveness. Shows how diverse the world around us is and how many interesting objects there are in it. Boys and girls will immediately fall in love with three-dimensional figures that look like cartoon characters. The first one to collect five cards wins.

Learning the alphabet: from sound to letter

Age: from 4 years
Number of players: from 1

The game will do everything possible to make the alphabet an open book for children, and the understanding of syllables, consonants and vowels will not cause any difficulties. You can use cards with letters, a magnetic board, and a workbook with exercises. There are no restrictions!

In parallel with Russian letters, you can learn English ones. We have an excellent selection of the best games for learning the English alphabet.

If your child has already mastered the letters, move on to reading. Here's a roundup of the best board games that teach reading, and all the games are in the Reading category.

Have questions about the board game? Just call Mosigra: 8-800-333-0-182 and we will help you make a choice.