Training sessions on overcoming obstacles. Running with overcoming obstacles, practicing exercise techniques, techniques and actions in individual places of the obstacle course

PROCEDURE FOR OVERCOMING THE OBSTACLE COURSE

Ruzaevka village

Before you begin training in overcoming obstacles, you need to study safety measures, methods of overcoming obstacles, throwing grenades and performing special techniques and actions.
The following methods of overcoming obstacles are used: jumping, climbing, crawling (climbing) and moving.
In the first lessons during the training process, the accuracy and speed of performing techniques is improved with a gradual complication of the execution conditions, which is achieved:
- using different starting positions (lying down, kneeling, behind cover, in a trench) before taking a run to overcome obstacles or before throwing grenades;
- increasing the distance to obstacles and targets;
- overcoming obstacles in combination with previously learned techniques;
- changing the order of overcoming obstacles.
In subsequent classes, the main focus during the training process is on developing general and speed endurance, which is achieved:
- repeated performance of techniques that provide significant physical activity;
- performing techniques in combination with other actions.

It is advisable to start learning how to overcome obstacles with jumping. Since actions on structures are combinations of ways to overcome various obstacles, learning to operate on them must begin after the basic methods of movement and overcoming obstacles have been mastered. Learning, as a rule, is carried out at a fast pace in elements or at a slow pace in general. The exception is learning to move through the passages of the labyrinth, which is performed in divisions. The main attention is paid to training in these actions, since in the process the main goal in teaching special techniques and actions is achieved, that is, military-applied skills are formed, physical, mental and special qualities are developed. After training in various methods of overcoming obstacles, throwing grenades and special techniques and actions, they move on to conducting classes in complex overcoming obstacles. Depending on the tasks, classes are conducted both with a weapon (MMG AK-74) and without it.
The main part of the lesson includes exercises in overcoming sections of an obstacle course, performing learned techniques and actions at different paces, as well as throwing grenades for accuracy. Exercises are performed: continuous, group, circular, competitive methods.

Example of an obstacle course sequence in the Attack lane.

The start line of the strip.
The movement begins at the command of the leader from the line of the beginning of the lane, indicated by a line or flags, from a high stand or from a “lying” position. The weapon (MMG AK-74) is in the “behind the back” position.

Obstacle "Ditch".
This obstacle, simulating a ditch 2.5 m wide, is overcome by the student by jumping, after which the student continues to move towards the “Labyrinth” obstacle.

Obstacle "Labyrinth".
Movement in the passages of the labyrinth is performed by running, depending on the individual characteristics of the student (his equipment), chest forward or sideways.
When overcoming an obstacle, the MMG AK-74 can be held with both hands above the head or in the “behind the back” position.

Obstacle "Fence with an inclined board".
Overcoming a fence or other vertical obstacle can be done in various ways:
To climb over with support on your hands, you need to run up to the obstacle, lean on its upper edge and, pushing off with your feet from the ground, go out on your hands, raising your supporting leg, lean with the inside of your foot on the upper edge of the obstacle, without stopping, move the other leg. The weapon (MMG AK-74) must be in the hand or behind the back.
Climbing with support on the thigh is performed with emphasis on the hands and leaning on the obstacle with the chest (stomach). Move your body over the obstacle, jump off and continue moving. (When performing with the MMG AK-74, the weapon must be in the hand or behind the back).
When climbing with a “hook”, you need to take a running start with one foot in a step from the obstacle and, leaning on the obstacle with the other foot, grab its edge; pulling yourself up, hang sideways to the obstacle so that you can rest your elbow on its top one; move the leg (inner) bent at the knee forward; with a swing of the other leg, catch the heel (shin) on the top of the obstacle; Pull yourself up with your arms and lean on your heel (shin), roll over the obstacle, jump off and continue moving. (When performing with the MMG AK-74, the weapon must be behind the back).
When climbing by force, you need to take a running start with one leg in the same way as when climbing with a “hook”, or push off with both feet from the ground and grab the upper edge of the obstacle with your hands; pulling yourself up with your arms and helping yourself with your legs, go to point-blank range; then climb over the obstacle and jump in one of the following ways: with support on your chest, with support on your thigh, from a sitting position, with support on your arms and legs. When performing with the MMG AK-74, the weapon should be behind the back.
Climbing training is carried out in the following sequence: with support on the hands, on the thigh, on the chest (stomach), “hook” and force.
All methods of climbing over obstacles are learned in sections or with the help of preparatory exercises, and then performed as a whole without weapons and with weapons (MMG AK-74).
When learning climbing techniques, you first practice the run-up, push, and jumping onto an obstacle at point-blank range, then the actual climbing (waddling the body) and, finally, the dismount (jump) into the depths and the beginning of movement from the obstacle.

Obstacle "Destroyed stairs".
Overcoming the “Destroyed Stairs” obstacle is performed by climbing over the steps, with both feet obligatory touching the ground between the steps. In this case, the following method of overcoming obstacles is used:

1st stage - the student overcomes it by performing a vault jump with legs moving sideways and landing on both feet.
2nd stage - overcome by climbing with support on the thigh or with support on the hands.
3rd stage - pushing off with both feet from the ground, the student grabs the upper edge of the obstacle with his hands and, pulling himself up with his hands or leaning on his chest, goes point-blank, climbs over the obstacle and jumps off.
Under the fourth step, the student runs in the direction of the next obstacle. At the same time, the student must pick up the weapon. (If this obstacle was overcome with the weapon in the “behind the back” position).

When approaching this obstacle, the student must remove the AK-74 MMG (if this was not done before overcoming the “Destroyed Stairs” element). To do this, you need to move your right hand along the weapon belt slightly upward and, removing the machine gun from your shoulder, grab it with your left hand by the trigger guard and receiver, then take the machine gun with your right hand by the receiver lining and the fore-end with the muzzle part forward.
The obstacle is overcome by climbing into the upper opening, head and foot forward, while simultaneously carrying the weapon sideways. In all cases, when climbing, the weapon must be in the hand or on the chest. Climbing training is carried out by performing techniques generally at a slow pace, then the pace accelerates.

Position “Single trench for shooting and throwing grenades.”
As the student approaches the position, he should take a full step with his right foot forward and slightly to the right. Leaning forward, lower yourself to your left knee and place your left hand on the floor in front of you, fingers pointing to the right. Then, leaning successively on the thigh of your left leg and the forearm of your left hand, lie on your left side and quickly turn onto your stomach, spreading your legs slightly to the sides with your toes out; At the same time, place the machine gun with the fore-end on the palm of your left hand.
Learning to throw grenades begins with exercises consisting of separate imitation movements: swinging and throwing (without releasing the grenade from the hand). The first 2-3 times the exercise is performed in divisions. With the command “Swing, do it - ONCE,” the swing is performed and errors are corrected. Then, to simulate a throw, the command “Indicate a throw, do - TWO” is given.
Next, the trainees independently repeat the exercise with a shortening of the pause on the backswing and proceed to perform the exercise in a continuous manner. In this case, attention is paid to ensuring that the swing is made smoothly over a wide amplitude, and the designation of the throw is performed with increasing speed and ends with an overwhelming movement of the hand.
First, three or four throws are performed simultaneously by all students at targets (areas) at a distance of 15-20 m upon command.
While passing the obstacle course, trainees must throw a grenade from a prone position at the wall (breaks) or at a 1x2.6 m area in front of the wall (a direct hit is counted); If the first grenade does not hit the target, continue throwing, but no more than three grenades until the target is hit.
The “Attack” obstacle course includes the possibility of organizing at this position, in addition to grenade throwing, shooting from pneumatic weapons at portable targets. This element is portable, and therefore can be oriented in any direction, depending on the tasks at hand, both outdoors and indoors.
Training in throwing grenades (preparing for shooting) is carried out in accordance with the necessary requirements, instructions and manuals in compliance with safety requirements.

In the opposite direction, the lane is overcome in the following sequence:

Obstacle "Wall with breaks".
It can be overcome by a vault with the legs moving sideways or a vault with support on the leg. When executed with the MMG AK-74, the weapon is in the hand.
When jumping with support on your hand, you need to lean your hand on the edge of the obstacle and, lowering your leg down, jump on both legs while simultaneously turning sideways towards the obstacle. The weapon must be in the hand or in the “behind the back” position.
A jump with support on your hands and feet is performed after going into a hands-on position on an obstacle (structure). Raising one of your legs, lean the inside of your foot on the upper edge of the obstacle, without stopping, move your other leg over the obstacle (under the supporting leg) and jump off, landing on both feet.

Obstacle "Destroyed stairs".
Approaching an obstacle, the student takes the weapon in the “behind his back” position and runs up the inclined stairs, leaning his shoulders forward, rests his hands on the fourth step of the obstacle and runs up it.
Having risen to the 4th step, the student, without straightening up, runs sequentially along the 3rd, 2nd and 1st steps.
If there is insufficient preparation, running down the steps is replaced by walking along the side beam.

Obstacle "Broken Bridge".
Actions on the destroyed bridge consist of moving along a vertical ladder, unsupported jumps and long jumps from a standing position, moving along the beams of the bridge, running down an inclined board. (When performing with the MMG AK-74, the weapon must be behind the back).
The student climbs the vertical ladder, leans with both hands on the beam of the destroyed bridge, and slightly leaning forward, balancing with his hands if necessary, begins to move.
Movement along the beams of a destroyed bridge is carried out by walking or running.
Running down an inclined board is performed in short steps, tilting the torso forward, with the foot placed on the full foot.
Learning to move along obstacle beams requires strict adherence to the principle from simple to complex. Therefore, at first, movement exercises are performed at a low height and a fairly wide support. After students have mastered the technique of moving on a narrow support and developed confidence in operating at height, they need to perform exercises in high-speed movement, first without a weapon, and then with a weapon.

Obstacle "Ditch".
The course ends with a jump over the two-meter part of the “Ditch” obstacle and the student returning to the starting line.

Overcoming obstacles

158. Classes on overcoming obstacles are aimed at developing and improving skills in overcoming artificial and natural obstacles, performing special techniques and actions, throwing grenades for accuracy, developing speed, endurance, improving skills in collective actions against the backdrop of heavy physical exertion, instilling self-confidence strength, courage and determination.
159. Classes in overcoming obstacles are conducted on the ground, with individual natural (artificial) obstacles, or on specially constructed obstacle courses in military uniform.
160. The content of classes includes:
overcoming horizontal and vertical obstacles individually and as part of units;
special techniques and actions on structures, models of military equipment, with cargo individually and as part of units;
throwing grenades for accuracy;
control exercises on obstacle courses.
161. The section “Overcoming obstacles” includes the following exercises.

Exercise 32. General control exercise on a single obstacle course.
Performed in military uniform without weapons. Distance - 400 m. Starting position - standing in a trench; throw a grenade weighing 600 g from a trench 20 m along the wall (breaks) or along an area 1 x 2.6 m in front of the wall (a direct hit is counted); if the first grenade does not hit the target, continue throwing, but no more than three grenades until the target is hit (if the grenade does not hit the target, ten points are deducted from the number of points received for the exercise); jump out of the trench, run 100 m along the path towards the line of the beginning of the strip; run around the flag and jump over a 2.5 m wide ditch; run through the passages of the maze; climb over the fence, climb up the vertical ladder onto the second (curved) section of the destroyed bridge; run along the beams, jumping over the gap, and jump to the ground from a standing position from the end of the last section of the beam; overcome three steps of a destroyed staircase with the obligatory touching of both feet to the ground between the steps, run under the fourth step; crawl through a hole in the wall; jump into the trench, follow the direction of the message; jump out of the well; jump over the wall; run up the inclined staircase to the fourth step and run down the steps of the destroyed staircase; climb a vertical ladder onto a beam of a destroyed bridge, run along the beams, jumping over gaps, and escape along an inclined board; jump over a ditch 2 m wide; run 20 m and, after running around the flag, run in the opposite direction 100 m along the track.

Exercise 33. Special control exercise (SKU) for military personnel of units and military units of the Ground Forces (except for tank, anti-aircraft missile, engineering and self-propelled artillery military units, tank units of motorized rifle military units), Marine Corps of the Navy, cadets of military educational institutions , training specialists for these military units.
It is performed in military uniform with a personal weapon (machine gun with an attached magazine, a magazine bag with one magazine) and a gas mask. Distance - 400 m. Starting position - standing at the side of a mock-up of an armored personnel carrier (weapon in hand, gas mask in bag); climb into the model of an armored personnel carrier through the side side, jump off the opposite side, run 200 m along the path towards the first trench; run around the flag, jump into the trench and put on a gas mask; jump out of the trench and cross the ravine on a log, walk along it to the end and jump to the ground; overcome the blockage; jump into the ditch, take a box weighing 40 kg from the rear parapet and transfer it to the front parapet, then again to the rear; take off the gas mask and put it in your bag, jump out of the ditch; run through the passages of the maze; run up the inclined board onto the fence, go onto the beam, run along it, jumping over gaps, and jump to the ground from a standing position from the end of the last section of the beam; overcome the destroyed stairs by jumping, stepping on each step, and jump from the last step to the ground; overcome the wall; jump into the well, run along the line of communication to the trench, throw a grenade weighing 600 g at 15 m on a shield measuring 2x1 m, if the first grenade does not hit the target, continue throwing (but no more than three grenades) until the target is hit (if the grenade does not hit the target Ten points are deducted from the number of points received for the exercise); jump out of the trench and cross the front garden; climb into the lower window of the facade of the house, from there into the upper window, go to the beam, walk along it, jump to the first platform, from it to the second, jump to the ground; jump over the trench.

Exercise 34. Special control exercise (SKU) for military personnel of tank, anti-aircraft missile, missile, engineering and self-propelled artillery military units, tank units of motorized rifle military units, cadets of military educational institutions training specialists for these military units.
Performed in military uniform with a gas mask. Distance - 400 m. Starting position - standing in a ditch; jump out of the ditch and run 60 m along the path towards the first trench; run around the flag and jump over the trench in the opposite direction; run to the slide with a load, lift a box weighing 40 kg from the ground to the bottom shelf, then to the middle one and lower it to the ground in the reverse order; climb into the driver's hatch, throw a grenade weighing 600 g from the top hatch at 13 m in a circle with a diameter of 2 m, if the first grenade does not hit the target, continue throwing (but no more than three grenades) until the target is hit (if the grenade does not hit the target from the number of points received for the exercise is deducted ten points); climb out through the emergency hatch; jump into the ditch, take a box weighing 40 kg from the rear parapet, move it to the front parapet, then again to the back and jump out of the ditch: run along the passages of the labyrinth and climb over the fence; overcome four steps of a destroyed staircase with the obligatory touching of both feet to the ground between the steps and run under the fourth; overcome the wall and jump into the trench, walk along the line of communication and jump out of the well; crawl through a hole in the wall; run up the inclined stairs to the fourth step, jump from it to the ground and overcome three steps with the obligatory touching of both feet to the ground between the steps; climb a vertical ladder onto a beam, run along it, jumping over gaps, and escape along an inclined board; jump over a ditch 2 m wide, run 60 m, jump over the first trench, run around the flag, jump over the trench, run 60 m and jump into the ditch.

Exercise 35. Special control exercise (SCU) for military personnel of the Airborne Forces.
It is performed in military uniform with a personal weapon (machine gun with an attached magazine, a magazine bag with one magazine) and a gas mask. Distance - 400 m. Starting position - standing at the starting line with a weapon in hand; run along the track 200 m to the line of the beginning of the lane, run around the flag; crawl on your bellies under the wire and overcome the blockage: jump onto the rear part of the combat vehicle model, climb into the rear hatch; throw a 600 g grenade from the gunner-operator's hatch at the ditch (a direct hit is counted), if the first grenade does not hit the ditch, continue throwing (but no more than three grenades) until the target is hit (in case the grenade does not hit the target, the number of points received for the exercise , ten points are deducted); get out through the driver's hatch; jump over a 2.5 m wide ditch and run through the passages of the labyrinth; run up the inclined board onto the fence, run along the beams, jumping over gaps, and jump to the ground from a standing position from the end of the last section of the beam; overcome the destroyed stairs by jumping, stepping on each step, and jump from the last step to the ground; overcome the wall; jump into the well, take a box weighing 24 kg, run with it along the line of communication to the trench, put the box on the parapet; jump out of the trench and cross the front garden; climb into the lower window of the facade of the house, from there into the upper window, go to the beam, walk along it, jump to the first platform, from it to the second, jump to the ground; cross the ditch on a swinging ramp.

Exercise 36. Special control exercise (SKU) for military personnel of surface ships and submarines, cadets of military educational institutions (military training units) training specialists for these military units.
Performed in military uniform with a gas mask. Distance - 360 m. Starting position - standing in front of the start line of the strip; run 120 m along the strip, run around the flag, run to the rack with the load, remove the end from the duck and lower it to the ground; lift the load, selecting the end, and securely fasten it to the duck; climb up the nearest storm ladder to the shot, stepping on the balusters, run along the shot to the far pendant with musings and fall along it to the ground (jumping is not allowed); crawl through the neck and run along the swinging board (repeat if you fall); climb the vertical ladder, peel off the lid; crawl through the hatch and go down the inclined ladder; take a load weighing 24 kg, run with it to the first rack, run around the first, second, third and fourth racks in succession, return to the inclined ramp and place the load on the ground; climb the inclined ladder, crawl through the hatch, batten down the lid and go down the vertical ladder, stepping on the steps, run along the swinging board (repeat if you fall) and crawl into the neck; climb up the nearest storm ladder to the shot, stepping on the balusters, run along the shot to the far pendant with musings and fall along it to the ground (jumping is not allowed): run to the line of the beginning of the strip, run around the flag: run 120 m.

Exercise 37. Special control exercise (SCU) for military personnel of military units and subunits intended for operations in the mountains.
Performed in military uniform with personal weapons (machine gun with an attached magazine, magazine bag with one magazine). Distance - 100 m. Starting position - shooting position lying in front of the line of the beginning of the strip; run to the first tower of the rope crossing; climb onto the terrace along a vertical ladder, select a rope with a load weighing 24 kg until it stops at the railing and, without throwing it, lower it to the ground; walk along the lower rope to the second tower, climb onto the rope and go down it; run up the inclined board onto the path, run along it, stepping on each segment, and jump to the ground from the last segment; crawl through the restrictive passage and climb onto the second section of the trail, stepping on each section, and run along it; climb along a rope bridge onto a metal structure: walk along the horizontal ladder to the end, overcome the horizontal ladder while hanging on your hands in the opposite direction to the last crossbar and jump to the ground; walk on a swinging log; climb the inclined wall of the slide to the lower cornice (it is allowed to use a rope), climb onto it, climb onto the terrace and from your knee throw a grenade weighing 600 g at the target - a circle with a diameter of 3 m (a direct hit is counted); if the first grenade does not hit the target, continue throwing (but no more than three grenades) until the target is hit (if the grenade does not hit the target, ten points are deducted from the number of points received for the exercise); climb down a vertical wall with triangular cutouts using three support points; jump over the dry river bed along protruding stones (if you fall off one of them, return and continue running from it); cross the finish line.

Exercise 38. Overcoming a single obstacle course as part of a unit.
Performed as part of units in military uniform with personal weapons (machine gun with an attached magazine, a magazine bag with one magazine) and a gas mask. Distance - 400 m. Starting position - standing in front of the trench, weapon in hand; jump over the trench and run 100 m along the path towards the line of the beginning of the strip, go around the flag, take boxes weighing 24 kg (the number of boxes is one less than the number of military personnel); jump into the ditch, run along the bottom and jump out of it; overcome the labyrinth under the cross beams, climb over the fence; climb the vertical ladder onto the second (curved) section of the destroyed bridge, run along the beams, jumping over the gap, and jump to the ground from the end of the last section of the beam; overcome three steps of a destroyed staircase with the obligatory touching of both feet to the ground between the steps; run under the fourth, crawl through the gap in the wall, jump into the trench and walk along the line of communication to the well; jump out of the well and climb over the wall, run under the fourth and third steps of the ladder, overcome the second and first steps with the obligatory touching of both feet to the ground between the steps; climb over the fence; jump into the ditch, run along the bottom and jump out of it, run 20 m, put the boxes and go around the flag, run 100 m along the path in the opposite direction.

Exercise 39. Running over an obstacle course as part of a unit.
Performed as part of a crew, crew, squad, platoon in military uniform with a personal weapon (machine gun with an attached magazine, a magazine bag with one magazine) and a gas mask. When performing the exercise, mutual assistance is permitted without the transfer of weapons, gas masks and other items of equipment. Time is determined by the last soldier. Distance - 1100 and 3100 m.
Run 1 or 3 km. Overcome an obstacle course: overcome a ditch; run through the passages of the maze; climb over the fence; overcome the destroyed stairs by stepping on three steps; jump to the ground and run under the fourth step; overcome the wall; jump over the trench.

162. Injury prevention during obstacle overcoming classes is ensured by:
digging up and covering landing sites with sawdust (sand) when jumping from high obstacles;
increasing intervals and distances when conducting training with weapons, as well as in the dark;
clearing obstacles, take-off and landing areas from ice and snow;
strict adherence to the rules for the use of imitation means.

Overcoming mine-explosive barriers as part of a squad by running into a column one at a time (two at a time) or in a combat vehicle along a pre-made passage. Overcoming obstacles with support on the shoulders of a comrade, using improvised means, providing assistance from one serviceman to another serviceman when climbing over obstacles, etc. Training of unsupported and vault jumps

Overcoming mine-explosive barriers as part of a squad by running into a column one at a time (two at a time) or in a combat vehicle along a pre-made passage

Soldiers of the squad overcome mine-explosive barriers by running, moving, as a rule, after the tank along its track. Along the completed passage, the soldiers must move “trail after trail,” while the squad is rebuilt into a column one (two at a time). In order to reduce the likelihood of snagging an old guy rope or wire that is sagging and lying on the ground, during movement it is necessary to lift your feet and place them strictly vertically on the ground.

When approaching a minefield, at the command of the platoon commander or independently, the squad commanders command: “Squad, follow me, into the column one (two at a time), into the aisle, run - MARCH.” The machine gunner runs ahead and fires at the enemy located in the first trench (at the front edge of the enemy's defense).

An infantry fighting vehicle (armored personnel carrier) also fires at the enemy, ensures that the squad overcomes minefields and is ready to move after the squad to an advantageous line.

Delays and crowding in the passage are unacceptable, otherwise the enemy will be able to inflict significant losses on the squad with his fire.

Having overcome the minefield, the squad again deploys into a chain and quickly attacks the enemy.

The squad bypasses or overcomes a minefield laid by means of remote mining as part of a platoon column behind the lead vehicle along the passage made by it. Mines caught in front of platoon vehicles are destroyed using a portable mine clearance kit or other means.

Overcoming obstacles with support on the shoulders of a comrade, using improvised means, providing assistance from one serviceman to another serviceman when climbing over obstacles, etc.

Climbing with help used when overcoming obstacles higher than 2.5 m (destroyed walls, attic floors, building windows, balconies, fences, steep slopes of ravines, cliffs, etc.). The choice of climbing method depends on the situation, the height and structure of the equipment obstacle, the availability of available means, the height of the military personnel, etc.

Climbing over with the help of a friend. It is performed with support on the thigh of a friend (grab under the shin) and with support on the shoulders.

With a higher obstacle and without positioning, this method of climbing can be performed without relying on a friend’s thigh. In this case, help is provided while standing.

Climbing with improvised means. To provide assistance in this case, the following are used: small and large sapper shovels, poles, sticks, etc.

Training of unsupported and vault jumps

Depending on the structure and size of the obstacle, the following types of jumps are used: unsupported And supporting.

Unsupported jumps. These jumps can be performed both long and high. Depending on the width and height of the obstacle, they are divided into landing jumps for one And both legs.

Jump landing on one leg used when overcoming both horizontal obstacles up to 2-2.5 m wide (trenches, craters, cracks, ditches, ditches, etc.), and low (0.6-0.8 m) vertical obstacles (destroyed walls, wire fences, fallen trees, palisades, etc.).

Technique for performing an unsupported jump with landing on one leg y: take a running start in front of the obstacle with one leg, extend the other leg with a wide swing forward upward, jump over the obstacle, land on the forward leg while maintaining symmetrical work of the arms and legs, as in normal running, and immediately continue moving.

Jump landing on both feet used when overcoming obstacles up to 3-3.5 m wide (ditches, ditches, ravines, streams, etc.).

Technique for performing an unsupported jump with landing on both feet: take a running start in front of the obstacle with one leg, helping with a swing of both arms.

During the flight phase, raise both arms forward upward, pull the pushing leg towards the fly leg, and before landing, bend both legs at the hip and knee joints and tilt the torso forward. After landing on both feet, immediately continue moving. Vault . Vault jumps are used when overcoming obstacles, the height of which allows you to jump on them by pushing your foot (chest height) and, depending on the method of support, are divided into jumps; With stepping on an obstacle with support on the arm and leg.

Jump while stepping on an obstacle, is used when overcoming obstacles with a height of 0.8 to 0.9 m (destroyed walls, palisades, walls, fences, earthen ramparts, fallen trees, etc.).

It is performed after a short and energetic run-up.

Technique for performing a vault while stepping on an obstacle: with a running start, push off with your foot and move your body forward, jump onto the obstacle on your bent swing leg, without straightening, carry your pushing leg over the obstacle and jump onto it to the ground. When jumping, your arms move as if you were running normally. After landing on both feet, immediately continue moving. During a pounce, the weapon moves the barrel forward upward and forward upon landing.

Jump with support on arm and leg used when overcoming obstacles up to chest level.

Technique for performing a vault with support on an arm and leg: take a running start with your left foot and, moving your right hand with the weapon forward, run into an obstacle, leaning on it with your left hand and your slightly bent right leg set aside. Without stopping at the obstacle, move your left leg over it and jump onto it to the ground, bringing your shoulders and right arm with the weapon forward. After landing, continue moving.

In the course of performing assigned tasks, combat vehicles have to overcome both natural obstacles (rivers, swamps, steep ascents and descents, ravines, dense forest, ridges of stones, etc.) and artificial obstacles (anti-tank ditches, craters, ledges on slopes and ascents, gouges, rubble, etc.). The most difficult obstacles are overcome, as a rule, after work on constructing passages, destroying steep slopes, or using means that increase the cross-country ability of vehicles (track bridges, fascines, etc.).

When overcoming obstacles, the following general rules must be observed:

obstacles should be approached at the highest possible speed, using hidden approaches and natural masks;

when approaching an obstacle, the vehicle commander must determine the most reliable way to overcome it, give the command to reduce speed and switch to the gear that will ensure rapid overcoming of the obstacle without stopping or damaging the vehicle;

the car should be directed towards an obstacle at right angles to the obstacle, and overcome it without changing gears, stopping and, if possible, without turning;

you need to move away from the obstacle quickly; if conditions permit, then accelerate the car and shift to higher gear.

Rollers and potholes are the most common obstacles on military roads. When directing the machine towards the roller, you should choose a section of it with a lower height and steepness, with harder soil. Approach it at right angles without slowing down. As the car reaches the crest of the roller, you need to reduce the fuel supply, and as soon as it starts to go over the crest, release the fuel pedal. Having crossed the ridge, at the moment when the front of the car touches the ground, you need to quickly engage a higher gear and, increasing the fuel supply, quickly move away from the obstacle.

Ledges and vertical walls can be overcome on the move if their height corresponds to the cross-country ability of the vehicle. Entry onto them is possible if the height of the wall does not exceed the height of the toe (for a tracked vehicle) or 1/3 of the diameter of the wheel (for a wheeled vehicle). Driving off a ledge is possible if the height of the wall does not exceed 1/3 of the length of a tracked or multi-axle wheeled vehicle. Ledges and vertical walls of great height are overcome with the help of track bridges, logs, fascines, or after the destruction of their steepness. The smooth lowering of the bow and stern parts is achieved by braking the machine with the engine and brakes.

Trenches, trenches, ditches and other obstacles of this type, the width of which does not exceed 0.3 of the length of the body of a tracked or multi-axle wheeled vehicle, are overcome at right angles at a speed acceptable by terrain conditions. Obstacles of this type with a width of 0.3–0.4 times the length of the vehicle body can be overcome in low gears using the force of inertia. In this case, at the moment the center of gravity of the machine passes the front wall of the ditch, it is necessary to sharply increase the engine crankshaft speed. In addition, to overcome wide ditches on multi-axle wheeled vehicles, it is necessary to reduce the air pressure in the tires to 0.15 MPa and turn on all axles.

Scarps, counter-scarps and anti-tank ditches are overcome after the destruction of steep slopes, along completed passages or along rutted bridges.

Funnels, encountered on the route, as a rule, are bypassed. If it is impossible to bypass the crater, the commander must determine its diameter and choose a method of overcoming it. A funnel, the diameter of which does not exceed the track width of the vehicle, is passed between the tracks (wheels). Large craters, if movement is possible along them, are overcome, like anti-tank ditches, along a passage.

Obstacle running used to develop military applied skills. This is the same steady running, but it includes overcoming obstacles and puts a much greater load on the body. The student learns to overcome obstacles with a minimum of effort and without unnecessary movements. Performed both indoors and outdoors.

Obstacles (from 1 to 6 in number) are selected in such a way that they can be overcome quickly without slowing down. Running patterns in the gym: a) on a treadmill; b) running around the Russian letter “C” or the Latin “5” as if laid on the floor throughout the hall. Gymnastic equipment, various objects, figures drawn on the floor, etc. are used as obstacles. For example, two parallel lines across the path at a distance of 1.5-2 m from each other indicate a ditch or ditch. So, obstacles can be:

1) gymnastic bench. Place it across or along, parallel to the floor or obliquely: a) across - jump from foot to foot without touching the bench or relying on it; b) along - they run along it or along the floor, leaving a bench between their legs;
2) gymnastic goat - legs apart jump (for boys);
3) gymnastic pommel horse across - overcoming with support on the arm and opposite leg;
4) gymnastic crossbar with stretch marks - various options for running around the racks with knotting and stretching;
5) bars - running under the poles or between the poles, as well as running around the racks;
6) gymnastic mat wide - step jump;
7) mini-bars installed across - jumping;
8) dots drawn on the floor and arranged in a certain order - jumping over the dots (Fig. 4.8);

Rice. 4.8.

9) gymnastic hoops laid on the floor - run or jump, stepping into the hoops, perform 1-2 times;
10) sandbags laid in a row at a short distance - running on or through them;
11) stands and bar for jumping at low heights - jumping from a straight or oblique run; running under the bar;
12) stretched rubber band - used as a bar in the previous exercise;
13) stands or other objects (chairs, etc.) - running around, without touching, in a zigzag, “snake”, etc.;
14) pedestal, cube, long goat, etc. - jumping from 6-8 steps onto an obstacle up to 1 m high (followed by jumping, landing on both feet and continuing to run);
15) medicine balls, running the distance between them in 1 - 2 - 3 - 4-5 steps;

16) an athletics barrier lowered to a minimum height - jumping; the same (training hurdles up to 40 cm), but with a jump “in step”, covering the distance between them in 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 steps, pushing off with both the left and right foot;

17) the same, but running the distance to the first obstacle in 6 running steps, between obstacles (4.5-5.5 m) in 3 running steps. The place of repulsion is indicated by a landmark.

Natural and artificial obstacles, as well as their designations, are used on the street. Natural obstacles are hills, ditches, streams, logs, bushes, etc.; artificial - obstacle course and other buildings, fences, poles, etc. On the street, obstacle racing can be smooth and cross-country. Smooth running is performed along a stadium track or other flat surface with running (running away) to the sides to overcome obstacles (one or several). Cross - running over rough terrain, overcoming obstacles along the way.

The program for schoolchildren in grades 5-9 provides training while running to overcome 2-3 vertical and horizontal obstacles with and without support, landing on one or both legs. Students overcome low obstacles that are quite strong and durable by stepping on them or leaning on their arms and legs, and weak, unstable ones by jumping in step.

Overcoming obstacles using the “advancing” method. Approaching an obstacle, students increase their running speed, trying to accurately get to a place convenient for taking off. The first movements resemble a barrier attack. Then the runner actively brings forward the thigh of the swing leg, brings the shoulders forward, helping to push off with the leg using movements of the hand that are the same as the pushing leg. During the flight, he leans his shoulders forward even more and quickly straightens his fly leg at the knee. Having placed this leg on the obstacle, the runner bends it at the hip joint and, bending over, tries to carry the center of body mass as low as possible. Pushing off from the obstacle, the student lowers his hands and quickly brings the knee of the pushing leg forward. Lands on the push leg and continues running.

Overcoming obstacles using hand and foot support.

This way you can overcome higher obstacles. Relying on the hand and the opposite swing leg, the runner quickly carries the pushing leg over the obstacle and lands on it.

The following exercises are used during training.

1. On the spot. Learning to “attack” an obstacle. Students stand 1.5 steps from a specially prepared wall
(fence, gymnastic wall) and reproduce the movements of attacking an obstacle shown by the teacher. First, the foot of the swing leg should touch the wall, then both hands.
2. The same, but without resting on the wall.
3. Imitation of stepping on an obstacle.
4. Overcoming obstacles by advancing.
5. Overcoming obstacles by stepping over with your hands for support.
6. Overcoming low obstacles (20-40 cm) while walking.
7. In running, jump over single low obstacles using the “legs bent” method, landing on both feet and then continuing to run.
8. In running, overcoming low obstacles (lying log, buried tires, etc.) by stepping on them with one foot, followed by a soft jump and starting to run without stopping.
9. Overcoming obstacles 80-100 cm high using one arm and opposite leg.

10. Overcoming horizontal obstacles (ditch, ditch, hole) up to 150-170 cm wide by jumping “in step”. At the beginning of training, obstacles are marked on the track with a bright cord, then, if possible, they overcome the same obstacles in natural conditions - during cross-country cross-country.

11. Overcoming obstacles in various learned ways.
12. Running over 2-3 obstacles located 6-7 m from each other, at competitive speed.
13. Competitions in obstacle racing using all the studied methods (Fig. 4.9).

Rice. 4.9.

In the process of performing these exercises, the teacher must carefully work to correct the student’s mistakes. Typical mistakes: inactive approach to an obstacle, with a decrease in speed; weak swing leg lift and arm extension; jumping too high over an obstacle; slow lowering of the swing leg over the obstacle, delaying the next step; unclear steps between obstacles; support with the same hand and foot on an obstacle (with the support method).

Schoolchildren should also learn how to jump from obstacles, landing on both feet. This method is usually used in cases where after a rigidly standing vertical obstacle there is also a fairly wide horizontal one, for example a ditch. It is safer to land on both feet rather than on one.

In addition to overcoming terrain obstacles, running lessons for schoolchildren include overcoming horizontal obstacles while running on a track. Analysis of the content of schoolchildren’s education shows that there is a real possibility of using exercises hurdles in physical education lessons.

Overcoming any obstacle is a complex coordination action that requires even an adult to have sufficient spatial orientation and physical fitness. In general physical training classes, while overcoming an obstacle course, all possible types of human movement are used: walking, running, jumping, crawling, climbing. Classes for overcoming obstacles include physical exercises from different sections of physical education (hanging, crawling, smooth running, acceleration, pull-ups, push-ups, forceful exits, side steps, jumping and many others), which allows students to evenly develop most physical qualities.

In such classes, not only physical, but also moral and volitional qualities are successfully developed, because in order to overcome, for example, a high wall or a wide ditch, you need enough courage and determination. And even those children who were afraid to do this in the first lessons, overcome such obstacles without problems after 2-3 lessons.

It is impossible to overestimate the influence of the skills acquired in such lessons on the outcome of life situations in which any student may find himself throughout his life, be it crime situations or emergencies of any nature (natural, man-made, etc.). After all, finding your bearings in time, overcoming the psychological barrier, and making the right decision is sometimes the only way to cope with a negative or dangerous situation. It is not without reason that “Overcoming Obstacles” is one of the basic elements in the physical training of soldiers and officers of all armies of the world, including the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The skill acquired in lessons on overcoming obstacles can preserve health and even save lives.

In order to master the technique of basic techniques for overcoming obstacles, you need to perform the techniques 1-2 times a week for 20-30 minutes on a school obstacle course. If there is no obstacle course, you can simulate obstacles in any available way. Let's look at the basic techniques for overcoming obstacles.

Jump landing on one leg. With an accelerating run, push off in front of the obstacle with one leg and extend the other leg with a wide forward-upward movement, jump over the obstacle, land on it and, putting your shoulders forward, continue moving.

Jump while stepping on an obstacle, is used when overcoming obstacles up to 0.9 m high. With a short but energetic run-up, push off in front of the obstacle with one leg, and leaning your body forward, gently jump onto the obstacle with the other leg. Without straightening your knees, move your pushing leg over the obstacle, jump onto it and continue moving.

Jump with arm and leg support used when overcoming obstacles up to chest level. From a running start, push off in front of the obstacle with your left foot and, moving your right arm forward and upward, run into the obstacle, leaning on it with your left hand and right foot. Without stopping, carry your pushing leg over the obstacle, jump onto it and, leaning your shoulders forward, continue moving.

Depth Jump carried out from three different positions, depending on the height of the obstacle.

From a standing position;
From a sitting position;
From a hanging position.

The basic rule when landing after any jump is to land with your legs slightly bent and slightly apart.

Climbing with chest support used to overcome obstacles up to 1.5 meters high. Run up to the obstacle, rest your hands on its upper edge and sit down slightly. Push your feet off the ground and come out straight with your arms straight. Without pausing, lean your stomach against the obstacle. Holding your hands on the top edge of the obstacle, shift your center of gravity and jump off the obstacle.

Climbing into a hole head first and foot first. Place the pushing leg in front of the obstacle, point the swing leg along with the torso and arms forward into the hole, and push off with the hands from the lower edge of the gap. Land your swing leg on your heel, step onto your entire foot and continue moving. When exiting a hole, in order to avoid hitting your back, you should not straighten up sharply.

Climbing sideways used when crossing narrow gaps. Stand (lie down) sideways to the hole and, gradually sticking your arm, shoulder, head, leg, and then your entire body into it, crawl into it.

Overcoming maze-type obstacles. As you approach the maze, place one foot at the entrance to the maze. Holding the edges of the labyrinth with your hands, transfer the center of gravity to the supporting leg, and place the second leg with a sharp swinging movement towards the next passage of the labyrinth. Continue these movements until you exit the maze.