What is maternity benefit? A list of benefits, benefits and services that a pregnant woman can receive free of charge. Features of payments to different categories of citizens

Last update 02/10/2020Reading time: 2 min.

Our country has measures social support pregnant woman. Mandatory are:

The law stipulates a single amount only for one-time financial assistance at the birth of a child and an incentive payment for registration with early dates. But the answer to the question of when maternity benefits should be paid: before or after childbirth is clear. Maternity money must be paid before childbirth in any case.

Payments to pregnant women before childbirth

After receiving sick leave at 30 weeks, a pregnant woman should bring it to the accounting department at her place of work and write an application for provision.

The benefit amount is calculated based on the average official earnings for the last two years. That is, to calculate benefits in 2020, amounts received in 2019 and 2018 are taken. The maximum amount of payments depends on the insurance base:

A woman must receive benefits no later than the date closest to the date after all documents are submitted when the salaries of the rest of the employees are calculated.

655.49 rubles - allowance for early pregnancy registration in 2019

Payments to young mothers after childbirth

In the near future, after leaving the maternity hospital and receiving the child’s birth certificate, the young mother is entitled to...

18 004
rubles -
the amount of a one-time benefit for the birth of a child from February 1, 2020.

It must be paid immediately after submitting all documents. The father of the child can also receive the payment at his official place of work.

For non-working categories of citizens, postnatal benefits are provided by the social protection authorities. Full-time students receive it at their place of study. If a woman is officially employed, she receives it at her place of work.

The employer is delaying maternity payments - what to do?

Unscrupulous employers try in every possible way to avoid paying maternity benefits. But any delay or refusal to pay maternity leave is a direct violation of the legislation of the Russian Federation. Therefore, if such a precedent arises, a pregnant woman can safely go to court and report it to her employer. And since she has no chance of losing the case, then, most likely, at the first hint of a trial, the authorities will immediately fix the problem and pay the required benefits.

2019-11-05T18:04:22+00:00

Hello Nina. It makes no sense for you to quit earlier; you will receive maternity payments under the BiR anyway. This is the employer's responsibility. He has the right to dismiss at the end of the B&R leave.

But you will receive a care allowance as an unemployed person, from the Social Insurance Fund and there should be no difficulties with its registration. They will pay minimum wage.

(or, as it is often called, “maternity benefits”) is one of the types of insurance coverage for compulsory social insurance. Let’s figure out who is entitled to maternity pay and in what amount, what the duration is and the specifics of receiving it.

Payment of maternity benefits

It is important to understand that only women can count on maternity benefits (as opposed to child care benefits). All categories of recipients of maternity benefits in 2020 are listed in No. 81-FZ dated May 19, 1995 “On state benefits for citizens with children.” These include women:

working

unemployed (dismissed due to the liquidation of organizations during the 12 months preceding the day they were recognized as unemployed)

full-time students

passing military service by contract

who have adopted a child and belong to the above categories

If a woman simultaneously becomes entitled to child care benefits and maternity benefits, she can choose only one of these benefits

Note: Maternity benefits in 2020 are paid only for the period of leave of the same name. This means that if a woman does not take advantage of the right to the specified leave and continues to work (and, accordingly, receive wages), then she is not entitled to benefits. In this situation, the employer does not have the right to provide the woman with two types of payments at once: both salary and benefits. Therefore, wages will be paid for days worked. As soon as a woman decides to exercise the right to maternity leave and it is issued, the payment of wages will stop and the employer will accrue benefits.

Maternity benefit paid at the place of work, service or other activity. For women dismissed due to the liquidation of an organization, benefits are paid by social security authorities at their place of residence (place of actual stay or actual residence).

Note: if the employee is a part-time employee and has worked for the same employers for the two previous years, then both employers pay her maternity benefits in 2020.

Maternity benefit is paid .

Documents for receiving maternity benefits

Scroll necessary documents given in No. 255-FZ dated December 29, 2006 “On compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and in connection with maternity.” You will need:

application for granting benefits (drawn up in free form)

Maternity benefit is paid to the insured woman in total for the entire vacation period.

Amount of maternity benefit

The amount of maternity payments depends on the status of the recipient:

Working women receive benefits in the amount of 100% of average earnings

Those dismissed due to the liquidation of the organization - in the amount of 300 rubles

Female students - in the amount of the scholarship

Contract servicemen - in the amount of monetary allowance

If the insured woman’s work experience is less than six months, she can count on a benefit of no more than (from January 1, 2020 - 12,130 rubles)

Calculation of maternity benefits

Since 2013, women have not been given the right to choose the procedure for calculating benefits

Maternity benefit is calculated based on average earnings and does not depend on the employee’s length of service (unlike temporary disability benefits). For convenience, the calculation of benefits can be presented in the following diagram:

Maternity benefit in 2020
equals

income for 2 calendar years
(preceding the year of maternity leave)
divide by
number of days in this period
multiply by
number of maternity days

Now about the nuances.

Firstly, average earnings for each of two calendar years should not exceed a certain maximum. This maximum is established - the maximum value of the base for calculating insurance contributions to the Social Insurance Fund for the corresponding year. In 2018, this amount was 815,000 rubles, in 2019 - 865,000 rubles. That is, when calculating for each year, you need to use the amount that is smaller.

Secondly, the amount of average daily earnings (that is, the quotient from dividing income for two years by the number of days) is now legislative. The permissible maximum is determined as follows: we take the maximum bases for calculating contributions to the Social Insurance Fund for the two years preceding the decree, add them up and divide the resulting amount by 730.

Third, from the total number of calendar days in a two-year period should be excluded:

Periods of temporary disability, maternity leave, parental leave

The period of release of an employee from work with full or partial retention of wages, if insurance premiums were NOT charged on the retained wages for this period

Fourth, if during the two years preceding the maternity leave the employee took maternity or child care leave, then these periods, as we see, will be excluded from the calculations. However, in this case, the woman is given the right to such periods (one year or both) of the previous year (two years), so that this leads to an increase in the amount of maternity payments.

Who is entitled to receive maternity benefits?

The legislation specifies the circle of persons who can count on receiving payment.

Women subject to social disability insurance:
- working officially employment contract;
- working as civilian personnel in military formations of the Russian Federation on the territory of other states.
Stay-at-home moms:
- those dismissed due to the liquidation of the enterprise, as well as women who ceased their activities as individual entrepreneurs, notaries, and lawyers within 12 months. before they are recognized as unemployed by the employment service (CZN);
- female military personnel and contract employees in the police department, customs, fire service, etc.;
- Full-time students in educational and scientific organizations (on a paid and free basis).

If a woman studies, works or serves, the B&R benefit is paid to her, respectively, at the place of her current study, work or service.

According to Russian law, most child benefits can be issued by any person who actually cares for the child. Usually this is the mother, sometimes the father and other relatives. However, the BiR benefit is an exception - it is only due to the woman herself (mother), who was actually pregnant and gave birth to a child.

When adopting children under 3 months of age, the payment is also assigned exclusively to the child’s mother, but not to the father. If the father works and the child’s mother is unemployed, then the father will still not be able to receive the money.

An unemployed woman can count on benefits if she:

recently became unemployed due to the liquidation of the enterprise or ceased activities requiring certification;
is serving under a contract;
studies full-time.

Registration and receipt of payment in these cases is associated with certain features. Next, we will consider exclusively the issue of payments only to working people (in other cases, benefits, as a rule, are paid in a minimum fixed amount).

Who pays - the employer or the Social Insurance Fund?

Initially, you need to provide maternity sick leave and an application for payment (usually combined with an application for maternity leave) to the personnel department at the place of work.

Then, upon payment, an offset occurs between the employer and the Social Insurance Fund - as a rule, against the insurance premiums payable. That is, in fact, it turns out that the money is ultimately paid from the Social Insurance Fund.

If a woman went on labor and employment leave within a month after her dismissal, she should apply to her last place of work. This also applies to the following cases:

moving to another area to join your husband;
transfer of husband for work;
illness that prevents you from working or living in the area;
the need to care for a sick family member or a disabled person of group I.

Pilot project “Direct payments” with registration in the Social Insurance Fund

Some workers have conflict situations with the employer, especially in times of economic crisis, when by law he must pay benefits, but does not do so.

Women are most protected from such situations in regions where the Direct Payments pilot project operates. It provides that the benefit will be paid to the woman directly through the Social Insurance Fund. The project has been operating since 2011.

Several regions join it every six months. In 2016, the initiative operates in 20 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. On July 1, 2016, the Bryansk, Kaliningrad, Kaluga, Lipetsk and Ulyanovsk regions and the Republic of Mordovia joined the project.

In accordance with the terms of the project, usually the employer himself submits documents (sick leave and salary data) to the Social Insurance Fund. In some cases, a woman will be able to do this herself - then she needs to contact the Social Insurance Fund at the place of registration of the employer company.

This opportunity makes life easier for the woman, the company’s accounting department, and the Social Insurance Fund employees themselves. Accountants do not need to calculate the amounts of offsets with the Social Insurance Fund. And a woman who goes on maternity leave, regardless of how her employer’s financial affairs are, will receive the following payment:

in a timely manner;
correctly calculated;
in the required amount.

The benefit is paid for the number of days that the woman actually remains on maternity leave. The right to go on maternity leave and at the same time receive benefits arises within the following period:

30 weeks (7 months) in a normal pregnancy;
28 weeks – with multiple births;
27 weeks – for women living or working in an area contaminated after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant or Mayak PA;
upon occurrence premature birth– in the period between 22 and 30 obstetric weeks.

An important point is that a woman must apply for maternity benefits within a maximum of six months after the end of her leave under the BiR. It happens that for some reason beyond the employee’s control, it is not possible to apply within such a period. Then, if there is a good reason, you can apply for benefits later and immediately to the Social Insurance Fund.

Valid reasons are:

insurmountable obstacle (natural disaster, fire);
long-term illness for more than 6 months;
moving to another locality;
illegal dismissal and related forced absence;
death of a loved one.

If the deadline is missed for another reason, you can apply to the court with a request to recognize it as valid.

Procedure for appointment and payment

First, a pregnant employee must contact the antenatal clinic, where she will be given a sick leave sheet indicating the timing of maternity leave. This certificate of incapacity for work is presented to the accounting department of the enterprise or directly to the Social Insurance Fund.

An application for benefits is usually submitted on the same day as maternity leave. This may happen:

on the day indicated on the sick leave - this is done most often. Then the benefit will be assigned (in general) from the 30th week;
on any other day after the start maternity period stipulated in the sick leave - this makes sense if the woman feels well and wants to continue working. Then the vacation days during which the woman worked simply expire, and the benefit is assigned from the day indicated in her application;
on any day after childbirth, observing the period specified by law - money will be accrued from the day of actual maternity leave (except for cases of premature birth, when the benefit is assigned for the full period).

Terms of payment and transfer of money

The law stipulates that when applying for benefits from an employer, maternity benefits:

appointed within 10 calendar days after submission and registration of the application;
transferred to the day closest to the appointment, on which the salary is usually paid (the benefit itself is transferred to the salary card).

When applying for benefits through the Social Insurance Fund, sometimes you have to wait a little longer:

the application is also considered within 10 days;
when positive decision money can be paid until the 26th day of the month following the month of application (then the payment is transferred to the woman’s bank account or credited by postal order).

How to calculate maternity benefits

The B&R benefit is paid in the amount of 100% of the average salary for the two calendar years of work preceding going on maternity leave. In 2018, these years will be 2016-2017. A special methodology has been developed by which enterprise accountants work.

The benefit is equal to the average daily earnings for the previous two-year period multiplied by the number of days of maternity leave. The average daily salary is found by dividing total earnings for the estimated two years by the number of days in billing period. The number of days is assumed to be 730 or 731, excluding exclusion periods.

The payment is accrued for the entire period of maternity leave, which by default is:

140 days for a normal pregnancy with one child (70 days before birth and 70 after);
156 days in case of birth complications (70 before and 86 after);
194 days for twins (84 before and 110 after).

Some features of benefit calculation:

if you work for two employers for at least two years, you can apply for calculation of maternity benefits from each of them;
if, before going on maternity leave, for some time out of the two previous years the woman was on leave for employment or childcare, she can replace the calculated years.

When adopting an infant, the payment is accrued from the date of adoption until the end of:

70 days from the birth of one child;
110 days from the birth of the adopted twins.

The amount of benefits in 2018 will fall within certain strict monetary limits. For working women, if the duration of maternity leave is 140 days, it cannot be:

less than the minimum amount (from 07/01/2018 – RUB 34,521.20);
more than the maximum (from 01/01/2018 – RUB 256,027.40).

What documents are needed to receive benefits?

The basis for calculating benefits is sick leave issued at the antenatal clinic. The woman should contact the accounting department of the company where she works.

Typically, in an organization’s business flow, the registration of benefits is combined with the registration of maternity leave. A woman writes one application for going on maternity leave and for receiving maternity benefits. Registration of leave is a prerequisite in order to apply for benefits.

Mandatory documents for assigning payment from the employer are an application and a sick leave certificate.

Application for maternity benefits in 2016 (sample)

The application for benefits must include the following mandatory information:

the name of the organization to which it is submitted (name of the employer, branch of the Social Insurance Fund);
Full name of the applicant without abbreviations in accordance with the passport;
information about your identity card (passport);
information about the place of registration and, separately, about the place of actual residence;
request to provide maternity leave (dates from sick leave are indicated) and accrue benefits;
method of receipt (by mail, bank transfer);
grounds for application (in this case – maternity leave);
applicant's signature, date.

The legislation establishes the maximum and minimum size y maternity benefits (M&B). ABOUT maximum size You can read such a manual in . Here we will talk about its minimum size.

Minimum amount of maternity leave in 2018

As you know, the amount of maternity leave depends, among other things, on the average daily earnings of the employee. Moreover, if it turns out that the average earnings of a female employee for each full month of the billing period is less than the minimum wage, then for the purpose of calculating benefits under the BiR, the amount of earnings is taken equal to 24 minimum wages (Part 1.1, Article 14 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2006 No. 255-FZ ). Maternity leave, calculated based on the minimum wage, is considered minimal.

Let us remind you that the value of the minimum wage is taken on the date of the occurrence of the insured event, that is, on the date the employee goes on maternity leave.

Minimum maternity payments in 2018: benefit amounts

To determine the minimum amount of the B&R benefit, if maternity leave began in 2018, it matters when exactly this leave began. After all, before May 1, 2018, the minimum wage has one value (9,489 rubles), and after this date it has another value (11,163 rubles).

So, if maternity leave began before May 1, 2018, then the minimum average daily earnings will be 311.97 rubles. (9489 RUR x 24 / 730). Accordingly, the minimum amount of the BiR benefit for a standard maternity leave (lasting 140 days) will be 43,675.80 rubles. (RUB 311.97 x 140 days).

If the maternity leave began on May 1, 2018 or later, then the minimum average daily earnings will be 367 rubles. (RUB 11,163 x 24/730), and the minimum benefit for a 140-day maternity leave is RUB 51,380. (367 rubles x 140 days).

Keep in mind that if the length of service of an employee going on maternity leave is less than 6 months, then she is paid a B&R benefit in an amount not exceeding the minimum wage for a full calendar month (

Maternity benefits are available to women who have given birth and women who have adopted a child under 3 months of age who:

are subject to compulsory social insurance in case of temporary disability and in connection with maternity, that is, they work;
study full-time;
undergo military service under contract, serve in internal affairs bodies, troops national guard, in the Ministry of Emergency Situations, in institutions and bodies of the penal system, in the compulsory enforcement authorities of the Russian Federation, in customs authorities.

Maternity benefits are paid for Maternity leave lasts 70 (in case multiple pregnancy- 84) calendar days before childbirth and 70 (in the case of complicated childbirth - 86, for the birth of two or more children - 110) calendar days after childbirth.

When adopting a child (children) under the age of 3 months, the benefit is paid from the date of adoption until the expiration of 70 (in the case of simultaneous adoption of two or more children - 110) calendar days from the date of birth of the child.

">maternity leave period. Insured women An insured woman with an insurance period of less than 6 months is paid a maternity benefit in an amount not exceeding the minimum wage established in her region, taking into account the regional coefficient.">with rare exceptions it is paid in the amount of 100% of average earnings, for employees - in the amount of allowance, for students - in the amount of scholarships. However, the benefit cannot exceed a certain amount. You can check the current restrictions on the website of the Moscow regional branch of the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation.

The benefit is paid at the place of work, service or study. To receive it you need to present:

certificate of incapacity for work;
for registration at the place of service or study - a certificate from medical organization.

In cases:

transferring the husband to work in another area, moving to the husband’s place of residence;
illness that prevents you from continuing to work or live in a given area (in accordance with a medical certificate issued in the prescribed manner);
the need to care for sick family members (if there is a conclusion from a medical organization about the sick family member’s need for constant outside care) or disabled people of group I.

">in some cases, maternity benefits are also assigned and paid at the last place of work or service, when maternity leave began within a month after dismissal.

3. How can women who register before 12 weeks of pregnancy receive benefits?

Payment is provided only together with maternity benefits. If sick leave is not paid, then this benefit is also not provided.

The only additional document required to receive this payment is a certificate from the antenatal clinic or other medical organization that registered the woman in the early stages of pregnancy.

A woman’s citizenship and place of residence do not affect her right to receive payments.

Women dismissed due to the liquidation of the organization or termination of activities by the employer - an individual, during the 12 months preceding the day they were recognized as unemployed in the prescribed manner, receive benefits in.

4. How can women who register before 20 weeks of pregnancy receive benefits?

To receive this benefit, a woman (regardless of citizenship) must have permanent registration in Moscow and register with a medical organization before 20 weeks of pregnancy. To apply for the benefit you will need:

on the assignment of benefits;
identification document (passport);
a document containing information about the applicant’s place of residence in Moscow, if the identity document does not contain such information;
a certificate from a medical organization located in Moscow confirming registration before 20 weeks of pregnancy;
a document confirming the change of last name and (or) first name and (or) patronymic.

You can make a payment:

online, ;
in person, at the public services center.

The decision to assign benefits is made by the Moscow Department of Social Protection within 10 working days from the date of registration of the application.