In their activities, teachers, psychologists, social workers are constantly faced with a variety of documentation. Every year it is complemented, modified, and sometimes it is difficult to keep all the aspects in the head that you need to describe. is one of these basic documents. In order not to be wondering where to start describing the family, what data should be collected, in which sequence it will be issued and competently formulate conclusions, you need to get acquainted with the structure of this document and create a sample of the family characteristics for yourself.

Family characteristics: Where to start?

Before the characteristic of the family is drawn up, a number of preparatory stages must be passed, as a result of which information for the document will be collected:

1. Conduct a conversation with a student, to watch his behavior, use psychological techniques aimed at studying the perception by a child of their family, an assessment of the psychological climate in the family.
2. Visit the place of residence of the child and his family, make an act of surveying housing conditions.
3. Talk to parents for a relationship with a child. Assess the degree of participation of parents in the student's school life, it is possible to participate them in parental meetings, checking his diary, visiting an educational institution on its own initiative.

To obtain a more objective picture, the study of the place of residence of the family is better not to spend alone. You can attract a representative of the parent committee, a social teacher or psychologist (especially in the case of disadvantaged families).

Primary (formal) family data

The characteristic of the family should begin with the basic, primary data on its members:

1. Full name, year of birth, education, place of work and position, contact phones of mothers, father or people who replace them.
2. Information about other family members (FF, who is coming to a student, the field of activity, contact details): Grandparents, grandparents, brothers, sisters and others.
3. Information about other people who are not members of the family, but for a long time they live in the same house (FF, the area of \u200b\u200bactivities, who else falls of family members, contact details).
4. The address in which family members live.

Housing and domestic characteristics of the family

The next step will be a description of the housing conditions in which the family lives. On their basis, it is necessary to conclude how comfortable to be there a child, how much its basic needs are implemented.

1. Number of rooms, availability of a separate room in a child, the presence of a separate place to relax.
2. Compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards of housing: regularity of cleaning, litterness of the room, etc.
3. The presence of the necessary furniture, places for educational or game activity of the child, technology and educational accessories or toys.
4. The conclusion about how much the place of residence affects the success of the child's development.

Social features of the family

The social and psychological characteristics of the child's family is the most important and massive part of the entire document. The social characteristics of the family include:

1. Status: Full, incomplete, large or with one child, adoption data or guard over the child.
2. Family security: how stable the earnings, from which factors it depends on (payment of alimony, seasonal labor, unemployment or disability, is there a child's pocket money, as far as it is provided with the necessary things (food, clothing, educational equipment), whether the family experiences financial difficulties How material condition affects the psychological climate in the family (satisfaction, sense of inferiority, conflicts).
3. Social stability / family instability, tendency to dependencies (alcohol, narcotic, gambling) or offenses.
4. Distribution of responsibilities and basic functions (household, financial, emotional-therapeutic, educational, etc.).
5. Who owns a formal or actual role in raising a child. It is not necessary to perform the same people. For example, parents working abroad are formally educators of their child, and in fact these functions perform another relative (grandparents), which is in close proximity to the child.

Psychological characteristics of the family

The psychological component, which includes the characteristic on the family, includes such highlights:

1. Type of education (authoritarian, democratic, liberal) and its subspecies: hyperopka, connivance, rejection, demanding, love and others.
2. Description Stability, tension, stability of the situation, prevailing emotions and conditions (joy, aggression, apathy, indifference, fear, calm, etc.).
3. The degree of parent's interest between the child's relationship with peers, its achievements, success in training activities.
4. The presence of collaboration with the child, how is the leisure in the family, as parents react to the successes and failures of the son or daughter.

Based on these data, we can conclude how effective and correct methods are the methods of education of a child, there is no pedagogical neglection.

Evaluation of the influence of the family on the child

In this block, the family characteristic includes data on the participation of parents in the child's school life and general conclusions are made.

Learning activities Parents can control constantly, periodically or not at all interested in this issue. They can motivate or treat indifferently to the desire of the child to learn and develop their interests. The frequency of visits to meetings, the nature of the reaction on the recommendations and comments of teachers (adequate and inadequate) is different.

General conclusions are made on the basis of the data obtained: how well or unfavorable family in the material, social and psycho-emotional plan, which aspects and how affect the development of the child, to which it will be recommended to pay attention to parents or other educators.

Description of works conducted with family

In this block, the characteristic on the student's family includes a description of all the work, which was carried out by specialists of a different profile with the family: conversations, consultations of a psychologist, social or medical staff, trainings, seminars. It is worth mentioning all cases when and by whom visits at home were held whether family members appeared for help themselves and what changes did (did not occur) as a result of all events.

This sample feature on the family is the most complete, because it covers all areas of life, the peculiarities of the upbringing and conditions in which the child is developing.

Features Family Features in the work of a psychologist

The psychological characteristics of the family of aspanced aspects about the style of education, psycho-emotional state can be supplemented with other data:

• who fulfills the role of the head of the family (matriarchal or patriarchal decision-making style);
• family structure: Open (allow other people in a circle of family communication), closed (communicate for the most part only with each other), mixed;
• the presence of traditions;
• who and how does the greatest impact on the child in the family, how much has been implemented by his need for protection and love;
• compatibility of family members according to the main parameters (temperament, character, orientation).

For this type of activity in the Arsenal of the school psychologist, it is advisable to have a methodology for the test questionnaire of the parental relationship of Varga and Stolina.

Family examination map student

The characteristic of the family can be shorter and simplified. The sample is a form that includes such highlights:

1. Data on parents and other people living with family.
2. Address and general room characteristics.
3. Material security of its members.
4. What help is needed (material, psychological, medical).
5. What were held.

Survey card is also a family characteristic. The sample differs only in the lack of data on the moral and psychological appearance of the family and the conclusions about the social and psychological comfort of the student.

Characteristics of disadvantaged families

The characteristic on includes the same basic data relating to age, employment, material well-being of all its members, the state of the place of residence, socio-psychological image, working with family and conclusions.

However, in this case, the emphasis on how the type of disadvantaged families includes this, the causes of the emergence of difficulties, the peculiarities of their influence on the development and education of the child. If the family is unfavorable in the material plan (the loss of the breadwinner, largestness with the impossibility of full material support of all members, etc.), the appropriate proposed assistance is described (repair, free food in the dining room and so on).

If the family is unfavorable in a social or psychological plan (dependence, violence, severe diseases of significant families), then the characteristics of disadvantaged families should be supplemented with information about what kind of assistance was provided to the child, which made minors to help him cope with difficult life circumstances.

What includes a characteristic of a student from a disadvantaged family?

It is necessary to add that if a specialist is dealing with a child from a disadvantaged family, the characteristic of the student must follow the characteristics of the family itself. This is due to the fact that such a child may experience significant difficulties in adaptation in an educational institution, which will naturally affect the performance and relationships in the team. Such a child needs special attention from the pedagogical team and, possibly, the help of related specialists.

If the characteristic of the student's family describes in this case the causes and development of the difficulties with which its members collided, the characteristic of the child should show how these difficulties are reflected on it. This is the prevailing mood, personal features, motivation to the teaching, tidiness, organization, desire to communicate, the availability of friends, discipline, attitude to instructions and social activities, attitude to criticism, status in the team, the presence of bad habits and other aspects.

The characteristic of the student's family should be the resource, with which you can not only reveal, but also prevent possible difficulties in the development of the younger generation.