Educating does not mean telling children Nice words, to instruct and edify them, and above all to live like a human being. Whoever wants to fulfill his duty regarding children must begin education with himself. /A. N. Ostrogorsky, / Psychological climate -Qualitative side interpersonal relationships, manifested in the form of a set of psychological conditions that promote or hinder productive joint activities and comprehensive personal development. -Synonym- Psychological atmosphere -Synonym- Microclimate
The most important signs favorable psychological climate in the family: Trust High demands of family members on each other Friendly and business-like criticism Free expression of one’s own opinion High degree of emotional involvement and mutual assistance Responsibility for the state of affairs in the family
Positive relationships are characterized by stable emotional contact between children and parents, an almost complete absence of conflicts; The ambivalent type of relationship is characterized by inconsistency, inconsistency, alternation of close contacts with alienation and conflicts; Negative relationships are associated with frequent and acute conflicts, leading to a complete breakdown of emotional contact between parents and children.
Styles of family relationships that lead to incorrect personality formation: disharmonious style of educational and internal family relations when a unified approach and general requirements for the child have not been developed; conflict style of educational influences, often dominant in single-parent families, in situations of divorce, long-term separation of children and parents; an asocial style of relationships in a disorganized family, characterized by the systematic use of alcohol, drugs, and the manifestation of unmotivated “family cruelty” and violence.
Factors influencing the nature of the relationship between children and parents: personality traits of the child; personality traits of the parent; moral and emotional atmosphere in the family; means of educational influence used by parents and other adults.
Remember! If a child is ridiculed, he becomes withdrawn. If a child lives in hostility, he learns to be aggressive. If a child is constantly criticized, he learns to hate. If a child grows up reproached, he learns to live with guilt. A child needs: 5 hugs - for survival 10 hugs - for support 15 hugs - for growth and development Children need our love!
The quality of parent-child relationships depends on many factors and has a significant impact not only on mental development the child, but also on his behavior, attitudes in communication, on his formation as a person. Consequently, the psychological climate of a family is something other than a relatively stable emotional mood, which is the result of the mood of family members, their emotional experiences, attitudes towards each other, towards others, and towards surrounding events. Conclusion
Bogolyubov N.L. Introduction to Social Studies: Textbook for grades 8-9. General education schools, Education, Gurevich P.S. “Man”, textbook for general education institutions, Kovalev S.V. "Psychology modern family", Education, Spivakovskaya A.S. “How to be parents”, Bustard, 2006 References:
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Marriage... is legal moral love. No one is forced into marriage, but everyone must be forced to obey the laws of marriage once he has entered into marriage. K. Marx
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The reproductive function includes the reproduction of the number of parents in children, i.e. takes part in the quantitative and qualitative reproduction of the population. Currently, due to the predominance of an urban lifestyle, increasing employment of women, and the difficult economic situation, the birth rate is falling. It is worth noting the connection between the total number of divorces and abortions. From this point of view, the state is interested in increasing large families, creating certain benefits for them.
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Economic-consumer function Covers various aspects of family relationships. This is housekeeping, maintaining a household budget, family management, the problem of women's labor...
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The family as the primary unit is the educational cradle of humanity. The family mainly raises children. In the family, the child receives his first work skills: he engages in self-care, provides help around the house, gains experience in caring for parents, brothers and sisters, and most importantly, learns the wise consumption of material and spiritual goods, accumulates experience in dealing with money, and develops the ability to appreciate and respect people's labor. The best example for a child is the example of parents.
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Consists of maintaining health, vitality, organizing leisure and recreation, the family becomes a healthy environment where any family member has the right to rely on the caring attitude of family and friends. This requires not only moral and psychological preparation, but also compliance with the work and rest schedule, diet, etc. Leisure activities play a big role in recovery. Leisure serves as a means of restoring a person’s physical and spiritual strength. Leisure often happens differently for everyone. A person needs active recreation - traveling, walking. This brings more health to the family as a whole and each of its members.
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the peculiar atmosphere of the relationships that have developed in the family between its members. The concepts of “prosperous”, “not quite prosperous”, “ dysfunctional family” - characterize the content of the relationships and processes established in it that determine the atmosphere Everyday life. The family microclimate is based primarily on the relationship between spouses, sometimes spouses and older family members (grandparents, mother-in-law, mother-in-law, etc.). The complexity of interpersonal relationships is that each spouse must adapt to the habits, desires, interests and needs of the other, while before marriage they were satisfied independently or depending on their parents.
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By and large, there are no special secrets. Just the nuances. But this is what life consists of! Moreover, thanks to them it is filled. And the child is watching from the sidelines. Grows in an atmosphere of kindness and mutual understanding. There is something to try for!
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RULE 1 Daily declarations of love It just seems that now that you live together, talking about love is unnecessary. You are together, so everything is clear? No, it was clear yesterday when it was said: “I love you.” But today it’s not quite... Every day find an opportunity to express your feelings - with a word, a touch, a small optional service. Coffee in bed is, of course, a timeless hit. But cleaning shoes for a loved one is also a tender recognition. Equates to an invitation to a cafe. RULE 2 Sincere gratitude Say thank you even for small things. Attentiveness and care always come from the soul. Well, how can you not thank them for giving you a piece of their heart! Relationships will undoubtedly become more tender.
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RULE 3 Direct expression of requests and wishes You should not expect that your loved one will “guess it himself.” Telepathy has not yet become popular means communication. Better not tempt yourself with offense. Speak openly: “Tomorrow is our anniversary of our first kiss. Let it be a red day on the calendar!” You yourself will be surprised at the fruits of such directness! RULE 4 "Off" for the “criticism” option “If I don’t say it, then who will say it?..” You sincerely believe that you are acting for the benefit of the one you criticize. Alas, this is not true. Any criticism offends and causes resistance. It is perceived as a signal: I am considered bad! Therefore, they respond with stubbornness, and error analysis does not occur. When you need to tell your partner you disagree, use Rule 5.
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RULE 5 Use “I-messages” Usually we say: “Again you didn’t buy bread!” or “How long do I have to tell you not to throw things around?!” It's called the You Message. It carries criticism, even accusation, and in response... read above, where we talk about stubbornness. Now compare: “I’m upset that there is no bread in the house. I’m even angry!” Or: “I get angry when things are thrown around. I'm getting irritated." This is the “I-message”. There is no accusation in it. It’s better to remain silent from now on. There is no need to clarify the position, since everything is already clear, and a showdown will lead to a quarrel. RULE 6 Praise and admire If you love a person, he is the best for you. Don't forget to tell him about it. Express admiration for the richness of his soul. Praise! Show your love freely. It's very simple and guarantees a warm atmosphere in the family.
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Diktat (systematic suppression of a child’s initiative and self-esteem); Guardianship (satisfying all the child’s needs, protection from difficulties, worries, efforts); “Non-interference” (avoidance from active participation in the child’s upbringing, passivity, recognition of the child’s complete autonomy); Cooperation (attitude of mutual respect, joint experience of joys, sorrows, etc.). 4 methods can be distinguished family education, and accordingly there are 4 types of family relationships:
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understand the child's need to belong; mutual respect; love and accept him as he is; sequence of educational influences; correct communication; Use friendly phrases in everyday communication.
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Neglect, lack of control: when parents are too busy with their own affairs and do not pay due attention to their children. Result: search for fun, falling under the influence of street companies
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Overprotection - the child’s life is under vigilant and tireless supervision; he hears strict orders and numerous prohibitions all the time. Result: the child becomes indecisive, fearful, unsure of his abilities, does not know how to stand up for himself, for his interests
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“Cinderella”: emotional abandonment, indifference, coldness on the part of parents. Result: neuroses, excessive sensitivity to adversity or embitterment appear.
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The presentation “Family microclimate and its importance in the life of a teenager” can be used by educational psychologists and class teachers when conducting thematic parent-teacher meetings. Teachers of the special discipline "Social Psychology", as part of the section "Family Psychology", etc.
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Family microclimate and its significance in the life of a teenager
The goal is to increase the psychological literacy of parents of students
Family FAMILY, an association of people based on marriage or consanguinity, connected by a common life and mutual responsibility. Demographic Encyclopedic Dictionary
“The family as a community of people connected by the relations of marriage, parenthood, kinship, joint household, as the main unit of society, performs the most important social functions, plays a special role in a person’s life, his protection, personality formation, satisfaction of spiritual needs, ensuring primary socialization. The family is a unique social institution, a mediator between the individual and the state, a transmitter of fundamental values from generation to generation.” S. V. Darmodekhin, Doctor of Sociological Sciences, Professor, Member of the Russian Academy of Education
Family life is the ability of spouses to act consistently in all areas: in language communication, in intimate relationships, in economic and educational activities, in the process of recreation, etc.
Family microclimate is a unique atmosphere of relationships that have developed in a family between its members. The family microclimate is based, first of all, on the relationships between all its members. Family can act as a positive and negative factor education. What a child acquires in the family he retains throughout his entire subsequent life. The concepts of “prosperous”, “not quite prosperous”, “dysfunctional family” characterize the content of the relationships and processes established in it that determine the atmosphere of everyday life. Family microclimate
Subcultural: Family composition (complete, single-parent) Crooked relatives (adoptive, parental family; second, first marriage) Life conditions Emotional climate in the family Determined by the educational capabilities of the teenager’s parents: Own experience family education Pedagogical culture parents Readiness of parents for upbringing Parental love Incorrect approach to upbringing (increased rigidity, aggression, leading to suppression of the sense of personality in the early stages of development) Factors influencing the formation of a teenager’s personality and the importance of the family microclimate in them, taking into account the characteristics of adolescence
Important indicators of a favorable psychological climate of a family are: Trust Cohesion The desire to spend free time in the home circle Free expression of one’s own opinion and feelings Gratitude. The desire to emphasize the merits and good deeds of everyone Doing homework together Openness of the family, its wide contacts Such a climate contributes to harmony, reducing the severity of emerging conflicts, relieving stress, and realizing the personal potential of each family member. Signs of a favorable family climate
Diktat - in parent-child relationships is manifested in the suppression by parents of children's sense of self-esteem and initiative. Non-interference - based on the recognition of independent relationships between adults and children. With this tactic, children and adults become detached from each other in the family. Guardianship is a system of parent-child relationships in a family. Parents provide and satisfy all the child’s needs. They remove him and in every possible way protect him from various difficulties, efforts and any worries. Cooperation is an education tactic that involves interpersonal relationships in the family that are united by common ideas, tasks and goals. Psychologists consider this type of parent-child and family relationships to be optimal. Types of Family Interaction
Typical parental attitude profiles
Adolescent children from families with a positive microclimate are more likely to demonstrate social and emotional openness with resilience Have a good mood, calm character traits. Adolescent children in families with a negative microclimate are prone to sharp reactions in behavior and a tendency to form various types of addictions. They do not have emotive, anxious, pedantic types, which is explained by a lower level of expectation of parental attention and the habit of relying only on themselves.
CONFLICT is a clash of opposing goals, interests, positions, opinions or views of people. Conflict behavior is behavior that provokes conflict and is expressed through words, postures, gestures, emotions, and fights. Reasons: attracting attention, struggle for power, revenge. Conflict behavior is widespread in adolescence. It acts as a way of asserting one’s position, both in relationships with adults and in relationships with peers. After all, this period of life is the most difficult - the crisis of adolescence begins. A crisis can proceed along one of the following paths: - “crisis of independence” - negativism, rebellion, arrogance, stubbornness, jealousy; - “crisis of dependence” - obedience, lack of independence, desire to be like everyone else, infantilism. Therefore, the teenager experiences changes that help him cross the line and begin adult life. These changes occur in the inconsistency of communication. A teenager’s conflict is often caused by the desire to satisfy his needs, the main one of which is recognition from adults and peers. After all, a teenager is no longer a child, but not yet an adult. During this age period, it becomes especially important for all family members to maintain the balance of the optimal microclimate and help the teenager develop the ability to prevent conflict and create conditions where reasons for confrontation will not arise. The influence of family microclimate on adolescent conflict
Pros: Clarifying the situation Getting to know the true face of a person Relieving tension Establishing relationships after resolving the conflict Cons: Waste of effort, time and energy Exit negative emotions Deterioration of the psychological climate Deterioration of relationships Positive and negative aspects of the conflict
The main task is to learn to resolve disagreements without leading them to an active conflict. It is necessary to accept the fact that conflicts are, first of all, a disagreement of views, and we must remember that views may be different and may not coincide. It is necessary to try to resolve the situation peacefully, without leading the situation to quarrels When a conflict turns into a quarrel
Sometimes serious disagreements arise in a relationship, from which it follows that the previous relationship is not satisfactory and adjustments are necessary. You cannot quarrel in front of relatives, children, or on the eve of important events. The quarrel should take place about a specific event, that is, it is necessary to tell your opponent what exactly you are not happy with. this moment. A useful quarrel
Say what you feel Admit your mistakes Find something good in someone else If children become witnesses or participants in a conflict, then try to present it to them as a solution to problems, and not a simple curse and outburst of emotions. In a healthy quarrel it is important:
Family members get to the core of the problem immediately, without leading to conflict or quarrel They talk about what they don’t like right away They discuss an action, not a person’s personality They do not respond with a conflictogen to a conflictogen They do not mix good and bad, past and present The optimal family microclimate is achieved when:
Remove accusing notes from criticism, that is, shift the emphasis to constructive proposals. It is better to give comments in private, so as not to hurt the pride of the person being criticized. Strive to understand the opponent’s point of view, excluding emotions, try to evaluate the arguments for and against. Do not raise the tone of the conversation. Do not impose your own. opinion, but offer it by discussion Orientation of adults towards constructive interaction
Do not scream! Keep your voice down. How long should I wait for you? It's time for us to leave. Who am I telling!/Are you deaf? Hear me please. Call it a day! It's time to finish, time is up. How much should I tell you? Fulfill my request, please. I don’t know how to talk to you anymore? Let's find a solution that suits both of us. Are not you ashamed? Please think about your actions. How do you talk? No one in our family talks like that. I told you it would happen! Learn from this situation and don't repeat these mistakes again. Ungrateful! Are you sure this is something you can be proud of? In raising children and, especially, teenagers, those offensive words that we say to them under the influence of emotions are of great importance. I propose to replace some of them with more positive ones and the situation will change depending on the words spoken.
“Support the people close to you, whisper in their ears how much you need them, love them and treat them with care, take time to say: “I’m sorry,” “please forgive me,” “thank you,” and that’s it. those words of love that you know. No one will remember you for your thoughts.” Johnny Welch "The Doll" (La Marioneta)
Sources: 1. Schneider L.B.. Family psychology: Textbook for universities. 2nd ed.-M.: Academic Project; Ekaterinburg: Business book. - 768 pp. - (“Gaudeamus”). 2006 2. Leaders A. G. Family as a psychological system. - http://CyberLeninka.ru. ru 3. Darmodekhin S. V. Family and state// Monitoring the socio-economic potential of families. No. 3. 2000. 4. Survive... in the family? : the role of the family in the formation of psychoactive addictions in children (compiled by N. Boyko) - 2nd ed., additional. And reworked. – M.: IOF Native Country, 2010 5. Smirnova T. S., Ruchkina A. A. Features conflict behavior in adolescence // Young scientist. - 2016. - No. 4. - P. 706-708 Internet resources: 1. http:// dic.academic.ru 2. http:// supruzhestwo.ru 3. http://www.ngmu.ru/cozo/mos/article/pdf. php?id=1898 4. https://yandex.ru
State budgetary professional educational institution College modern technologies named after Hero of the Soviet Union M.F. Panova The material was prepared by an educational psychologist, teacher of the first qualification category Trofimenko Olga Nikolaevna Moscow 2017
Parent meeting“The weather in the house or the microclimate in the family.”
Duration of the event: 60 min.
Meeting participants: class teacher, school psychologist, parents of students or persons replacing them.
Event type: Parent meeting.
Target: show parents the importance of maintaining a healthy family microclimate for the formation of the child’s personality.
Tasks:
1. Together with parents, discuss the importance of the family microclimate in the life and development of the child.
2. Conduct a study of the psychological atmosphere of the family and family relationships.
3. Continue to develop parents’ attitudes towards cooperation with their children.
4. Promote the process of active participation of parents in the personal development of the child.
Form of the meeting: information and analytical lecture with elements of a workshop.
Expected results: The parent meeting will help parents understand the importance of mutual cooperation between family and school.
Time spending: second quarter.
Equipment: multimedia projector, presentation, pens, paper for notes, test forms, two drawings “The Ideal Child”, “Building a House”, children’s drawings “Our House”, songs “Weather in the House”, “Parents’ House”.
Preparatory work for the meeting:
1. Study of psychological and pedagogical literature on the topic of parent-teacher meetings.
2. Test children and parents during the quarter. Process test results.
3. Prepare presentation and design for the meeting.
Structure of the meeting.
The song “Weather in the House” is playing Larisa Dolina
Teacher: Good afternoon, dear parents! I'm glad to see you. They say that if you start the day with a smile, you can hope that it will go well. So let's start our meeting with a good mood and a smile.
Mini workshop. Dear parents, on your table you have paper for notes and pens. I suggest you continue the sentence " Ideal child- the one that…” Think and write down your answer. They express their opinion. The teacher attaches sheets with answers to the board, to the child’s image.
Now look at what a wonderful portrait we got. I am sure that many of you at this moment are thinking, what of the portrait of an ideal child is there in my own children? What needs to be done to raise a kind, honest, hardworking, sympathetic, healthy person? Ways to solve this problem, first of all, should be sought within, in ourselves, in our family.
A child learns from what he sees in his home; his parents are an example to him!
Whoever is rude in front of his wife and children, who loves the language of debauchery, let him remember,
That he will more than receive from them everything that he teaches them.
If children see us and hear us: we are responsible for our deeds!
And for the words... It’s easy to push children down a bad path.
Keep your home in good order, so as not to repent later.
These are lines from a poem by Sebastian Brant. A German satirist wrote it back in the 15th century. And although the work is several centuries old, the meaning and significance of these lines still concerns us today. I suggest you think and see what atmosphere reigns in your home, how do close people communicate with each other? Maybe everything in your family is not as prosperous as you think? And maybe something else can be changed, which means helping your child?
Lecture “Family microclimate”.
The family plays a special role in a person’s life, his protection, formation and satisfaction of spiritual needs, as well as in his primary socialization. It is in the family that the child’s individuality and his inner world are most manifested. Parental love helps to reveal and enrich the emotional, spiritual and intellectual spheres of children's lives. For successful upbringing and full development of a child’s personality, favorable conditions must exist in the family, that is, a general microclimate. The strength of the family, the spiritual qualities of the child, and even our longevity depend on it. Such a microclimate is not created by itself: you need to think about it specifically, think thoroughly and constantly. The microclimate in the family, the peculiar atmosphere of the relationships that have developed between its members. What underlies a prosperous family microclimate? Let's try to figure this out.
1. The basis of the family microclimate is, first of all, the relationship between spouses, sometimes spouses and older family members (grandparents, mother-in-law, mother-in-law, etc.). The path of family is the path of compromise. It is very rare that two people are suitable for each other in all respects; most often they have to smooth out the sharp corners of their character. It's not easy, and many people simply don't succeed. Inability to mutual understanding is the scourge of our time. Most divorces occur precisely because people cannot treat each other with attention and care. And not only do they not want to, but they cannot, they are not capable, since they were not taught either in childhood, or in youth, or in mature age. They weren’t taught to empathize, listen to other people’s opinions, or forgive. All this replaces selfishness, which blooms in full color as soon as love leaves a person.
In one school, ninth-graders, listing male and female qualities in order of importance, put respect for women in first place and respect for men in fourteenth place. The boys' choice was correspondingly the same. Where to come from strong family, when in advance one’s “I” is placed much higher than the other.
A family is like a piece of music in which everyone plays their part; you just need to try to make harmony come out, and not demand that only your melody be played. “To connect two lives does not mean to end one of them,” wrote Romain Rolland.
2. The family should be calm and friendly - this is the main condition for raising a child. Such qualities of spouses as kindness, compassion, tolerance, and attentiveness create a favorable background for friendly relationships in the family. Conversely, arrogance, anger, intolerance and indifference become the cause of various family conflicts. Quarrels, as a rule, rest on the pillar of previous grievances and, in the end, they, like any repeated action, form conditioned reflex, after which a push is enough for it to flare up. So, “don't wake a sleeping dog,” as the English say. Moreover, our anger expresses feelings, not truth; Time passes, and the reason for the quarrel seems empty and worthless. Therefore, you should not lose your temper just because the door to your house was not opened right away, dinner was prepared incorrectly, or your shirt was ironed incorrectly. It is useful to know what makes you irritable: from loud music, from clutter in the house, from talking, from lack of money or from solar flares. Even in ancient times, it was believed that meekness could calm the liver and stomach. Perhaps they were right, because illnesses are sometimes caused by irritability. It’s difficult to fight your temperament, but what can you do, you can’t do without it. If the main thing for you is the happiness of the child, you can restrain yourself, you can remain silent in response to the comments of your elders, remembering that any skirmish is meaningless and harmful. But in order to restrain yourself for the sake of another, you need great love or great culture. You should always remember that we are a tuning fork for a child: the way we sound, so he will respond. If we treat our parents poorly, for example, we should expect the same from our children. One parable says: “A son grabbed his old father and dragged him to be eaten by crocodiles. The grandson ran after him. “Why?” asked the father. “To find out the road along which you will have to be dragged...” The older generation requires, first of all, respect, to be treated with love, not to be rude, to say thank you on time, to congratulate them on their birthday. But young people often forget about this. Meanwhile, who runs around the shops and cooks dinner for the whole family? Grandmothers. Who meets and sees off the grandchildren to school? Grandmothers.
2. The task of the home is to relieve negative emotions. In a family that is experiencing everyday difficulties, the parents are irritated, and this irritation, like a wave, covers the child’s soul. A certain spring is twisted, and at some point it unwinds and strikes. This blow can fall on peers and on the parents themselves - this is how the child protests against the negativity that surrounds him. There must be a mandatory advantage in the family positive emotions over negative ones. And emotions are such a subtle thing and change so quickly and subtly that only constant attention to them can create a stable microclimate. The sailors say: “The ship capsized because the matches were on the wrong side.” So watch carefully the rocking of your family ship, you might accidentally capsize...
3. If life is poor in impressions, then boredom sets in, which is often the main cause of quarrels. Monotony kills the soul, diversity enlivens and enriches it. And that's not even psychological feature human, but physiological, that is, one that is impossible to fight. Many people, having gotten married, give up their favorite hobbies and devote themselves entirely to their family. Should not be doing that. After all, you will soon realize that all your sacrifices are in vain. Everyone should live a rich, varied life social life(of course, everything in moderation), and only by combining this life (and not cutting it off) with love can one hope for happiness.
4. Proper organization of family life also reduces the likelihood of quarrels. At home, as at work, there must be a scientific organization of work. Household chores, for example, should be distributed not only in accordance with employment, but also with the desires and inclinations of each family member. Some men would rather peel potatoes 10 times than go to the grocery store. But all objective reasons are not valid in a family with a good microclimate; everything depends on us. Friendly relationships in the family combined with comfort create that special atmosphere that gives rise to a feeling of home. For it to manifest itself, the joint effort of all family members, their collective mental and physical labor is needed.
Mini workshop.Is everything okay in your family? Perhaps something is bothering you and causing concern? I suggest you do a little test. It will help determine the level of your tension and dissatisfaction, as well as family anxiety. Remember that excessive anxiety does not contribute to successful parenting. Test No. 1. Methodology “Typical family condition”. Study of the psychological atmosphere of the family and family relationships. (Application)
Mini-discussion.
Discussion of test results between parents and children. Test No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 (Appendix).
Advice for parents.
Ways to improve the emotional microclimate in the family.
1. Aggression should not come from parents. When walking your child to school, look at him with love. Show your child unconditional love before bed in the evening. Take care of your child during his illness.
2. Apply the following principles when communicating with your child: eye-to-eye contact; close attention; physical contact; active listening. Never reproach a child.
3. Together, come up with an activity for all family members. Let it be a regular movie viewing or a trip on a catamaran, or even a trip to the store. The main thing is that you are on a positive wave and you like what you are doing together.
Reflection. "We're building a house." Building a house from basic concepts.
Home, parental home... As soon as pronouns are added to the word “home” - mine, ours, ours - this word is perceived in a completely different way. You suddenly begin to understand that this is not just walls and a roof, but a separate world belonging to a specific family. And this world is created not by an individual, but by the whole family, day after day, long years. This is amazing creativity and it makes our lives bright and happy. Dear parents, I suggest you build a house in which children will be comfortable, safe and happy. Write on pieces of paper what a family atmosphere should be like in a house where everyone will be happy.
Drawing on the board.
The song “Parental Home” sounds quietly. Parents' House http://muz-vk.ru
Parents write basic concepts, characteristics and attach sheets to the picture of the house on the board. The teacher shows the house they built.
But these houses were built by your children. This is how they imagine their future family life, this is how they picture their homes. Showing and discussing children's drawings.
Children's drawings.
Well, we built a house,
The basis was laid in it:
Love, cordiality and kindness.
It will be joyful and light.
Our meeting has come to an end. In conclusion, I would like to say a few more words. Dear parents, you cannot influence the weather outside your window, but the weather in your home depends entirely on the efforts of all family members. We learn to be parents in the same way as we once learned to read and write, as we once did for the first time when we came to our workplace, learned the secrets of professional skill. Therefore, in parental work, as in any other work, mistakes and doubts are possible. But if you know how to love and forgive, wait and endure, then temporary failures in the family will certainly end in victory. Remember " Good parenting children are your happy old age. The bad is your grief, your tears.” (A.S. Makarenko) So, dear parents, if you want to have good children, be happy!
Application.
Test No. 1
Methodology “Typical family condition”. Target. Study of the psychological atmosphere of the family and family relationships. Instructions. Mentally return to your family! Remember the feelings with which you open the door at home. Remember the feelings with which you remember home. Remember the feelings with which you remember household chores at work. How do you feel on weekends and in the evenings? In general, think about your entire family life. How do you feel most often? Mark your condition on each scale. In each of the questions, a rating option will be offered in points from 0 to 7. The points correspond to the degree of expression of the quality on a conditional scale. At one pole of this scale there is 0 points, corresponding to the first answer option, at the opposite - 7 points, corresponding to the second option. Intermediate scores are used to assess which option and to what extent you are more inclined.
Form for the “Typical Family Condition” method.
| State. | Rating scale. | State. | Index. |
||||||||
| Satisfied | Dissatisfied | ||||||||||
| Calm | Alarmed | ||||||||||
| Relaxed | Tense | ||||||||||
| Joyful | Distressed | ||||||||||
| Rested | |||||||||||
| healthy | |||||||||||
| Carefree | Concerned | ||||||||||
| Clumsy | |||||||||||
| Free | |||||||||||
Processing the results: scores on scales marked with the same index are summed up. The higher the index, the worse the parent feels in the family.
U - general dissatisfaction,
T - family anxiety,
N - neuropsychic stress.
Increased level of anxiety manifested by doubts, fears, concerns that concern, first of all, the family. There may be a feeling of helplessness, a feeling of inability to intervene in the course of events in the family, to direct it in the right direction. Emotional instability and anxiety, concern and tension, high sensitivity to those negative events or failures that are only supposed to happen or occur.
Test No. 2"Birthday in my family." Invite parents and students to build an associative series for the expression “birthday”. The lexical range that is obtained during recording speaks about what is significant, priority and traditional in the students’ families.
Test No. 3."A day off in my family." Circles are drawn on sheets of paper in which you need to place objects or family members on a day off. Family members have to do something. It might look like this:
| Mother | Dad | I |
| Shop | Car | Lessons |
| Kitchen | Sofa | Friends |
A comparative analysis of the test will allow the class teacher to identify various contradictions in the organization of family life and help children and parents find mutual understanding. Test No. 4. Methodology "Family Sociogram". Goal: to identify the subject’s position in the system of interpersonal relationships and determine the nature of communications in the family.
Accessories: a sheet of paper with a drawn circle with a diameter of 110 mm, pencils.
Instructions: “On the sheet in front of you there is a circle. Draw yourself and your family members in it in the form of circles and sign them with their names.”
Criteria by which results are assessed:
the number of family members within the circle area;
size of circles;
the location of the circles relative to each other;
distance between them.
1. When assessing the result according to the first criterion, the researcher compares the number of family members depicted by the subject with the actually existing ones. It is possible that a relative with whom the subject is in a conflict relationship will not be included in the large circle; he will be “forgotten.” At the same time, one of the strangers, animals, favorite objects may be depicted as a family member.
2. Next, we pay attention to the size of the circles. A larger “I” circle, compared to others, indicates sufficient self-esteem, a smaller one indicates low self-esteem. The size of the circles of other family members indicates their importance in the eyes of the subject.
3. You should pay attention to the location of the circles in the area of the test field and in relation to each other (third criterion). The subject’s placement of his circle in the center of the circle may indicate an egocentric orientation of the personality, and placement of himself below, away from other family members, may indicate an experience of emotional rejection.
Municipal budgetary educational institution
"Secondary school No. 26
with in-depth study of individual subjects"
The moral microclimate of the family -
the basis
(parent meeting in 1st grade)
Prepared by:
teacher primary classes
Nurullina Gulnara Gilfanovna
Nizhnekamsk 2012
The moral microclimate of the family is the basis
formation of a child's personality
Live so that you
there was no shame in selling a pet parrot
the city's main gossip.
W. Rogers
Form: round table.
Meeting objectives:
To attract the attention of parents to the problem of developing good manners in children.
Introduce the main components of good manners.
Healthy psychological microclimate.
Solving family problems.
"Good advice."
“Birthdays only come once a year.”
Issues for discussion:
How to solve family problems.
What should family relationships be like?
What are family holidays.
Equipment: multimedia system; for parents - individual packages with didactic material(situations for discussion, recommendations, reminders).
Preparatory work: selection of material on the topic; preparation of the presentation “Family Microclimate”; preparation of a memo; drawings by children “My Family”.
Progress of the meeting
Message class teacher on the topic of the meeting (slide 1)
Teacher: Hello, dear fellow parents! Welcome to the next meeting of the parents' club. Now, looking at you, I remember our first meeting... Do you remember your first impressions of each other? How did meeting and acquaintance with a new person begin for you?
I think that often new person for others does not begin with erudition, intelligence, tastes, business and moral qualities and everything that his inner world is rich in (slide 2). This will come later. In the meantime - appearance, manners, style, behavior. As psychologists say, the phenomenon of first impression works: “First the eye approves, then the heart.”
How to instill good manners in your child? How can we help him integrate into society and not be rejected due to bad manners? This is what we are talking about (slide 3).
A healthy psychological microclimate is determined by the entire moral atmosphere of the home.
And this depends on the relationships between family members, on what and how the family lives, what problems and interests arise in family life(slide 4), what is the family structure of traditions, how are they resolved family conflicts(slide 5).
All this is a school of life for your child, because the example of the parental home will continue in the families that your grown-up children will create (slide 6).
The main thing is that there is mutual love and trust in the family. Attention and care for each other.
Today we will try to solve several typical situations, problems that affect the microclimate of the family (slide 7).
The first stage of work. Solving family problems
Examples of situations
Your child accidentally broke a cup from the set (slide 8).
Yesterday we bought a new jacket, and today he comes in with a torn sleeve.
You, tired, came home from work, and the house is in complete disarray - your child is playing noisily with friends (slide 9).
You are quarreling with your husband (wife). The quarrel is in full swing, but at this time, completely unexpectedly, your child appears at the door of the apartment.
The child asks to buy board game, the same as his friend’s, but at the moment there are no funds for it.
When solving these problems, parents do not just give a solution, but motivate their actions and give examples from their family.
The second stage “Components of good manners”
Education in the broad sense of the word is not only a deliberate influence on a child at the moments when we teach him, make comments, encourage him, scold him or punish him (slide 10). Often the example of parents has a much greater effect on a child, although they may not be aware of their influence. A few words that parents automatically exchange among themselves can leave a much greater mark on a child than long lectures, which often cause nothing but disgust in him; An understanding smile, a casual word, etc. can have exactly the same effect.
What, in fact, remains in our memory from childhood, when we have already become adults, when individual incidents that happened to us during this period are already forgotten? (slide 11). Obviously, something remains in our memory that shaped us first of all: some special atmosphere of our home, associated with many daily insignificant events, or the fear that we experienced in connection with many events incomprehensible to us. It is precisely such a calm and joyful or tense, full of apprehension and fear atmosphere that has the greatest effect on the child, on his growth and development, and leaves a deep imprint on all his subsequent development.
Today we know that the nature of this family atmosphere is determined, first of all, by how family members communicate with each other (slide 12). Eat friendly families, in which no one is left on the sidelines, where there are no those who suppress the initiative and activity of others. An atmosphere of emotional warmth reigns in the family, where thoughts and experiences are shared with each other. Agreement reigns here; contradictions are not hidden, but attempts are made to resolve them. It is common practice in the family to speak openly: here what they say is what they think, nothing is hidden, no one has to dodge or lie. Everyone here speaks not only about their own experiences, but also knows how to listen. In such families they love laughter and humor, there is no evil, prickly sarcasm, and you cannot hear sweeping condemnation of everything and everyone. Parents here respect and support each other - they do not denigrate each other in the eyes of the child or undermine their authority. And what is important is that in these families it is customary to talk truthfully about their experiences outside the family. The family thus turns into a world in which all life is reflected and where all difficulties are overcome with the help of all family members.
It goes without saying that the family climate is changing; (slide 13) it reflects the difficulties that people encounter, that they don’t stand here all the time sunny days. Much changes as children grow up and parents' strength declines and they grow old. Just as in nature, for example, the weather changes, so does the family atmosphere - one day can be clear and sunny, and another - cloudy, sometimes a thunderstorm can break out. And yet we can talk about the existence of a certain climate characteristic of a particular family; it is the main thing that largely determines the emotional, social and other types of development of the child.
Third stage “Good advice” (slide 14)
(The Parental Truths handout is given to everyone present at the meeting)
Treasure your child's love. Remember, from love to hate there is only one step, do not take rash steps!
Don't humiliate your child. By humiliating him, you develop in him the ability and skill of humiliation, which he can use in relation to other people. It is possible that they will be you.
Don't threaten your child. An adult's threats give rise to a child's lies, leading to fear and hatred.
Don't impose restrictions. The nature of a child is the spirit of rebellion. What is strictly forbidden, you really want to try, don’t forget about it.
Do not take care of your child where you can do without guardianship; Give a little person the opportunity to become big on his own.
Don’t be led by your child, know how to respect the measure of your love and the measure of your parental responsibility.
Develop your sense of humor. Learn to laugh at your weaknesses, allow your child to laugh with you. Teach your child to laugh at themselves! It's better than others laughing at him.
Don't read endless lectures to your child, he just doesn't hear them!
Always be consistent in your demands. Know your “yes” and “no” well.
Don't deprive your child of the right to be a child. Give him the opportunity to be mischievous and restless, rebel and naughty. The period of childhood is very fleeting, and there is so much to try before you become an adult. Give your child the opportunity to be one during childhood, otherwise the period of childhood will continue into adult life. This can have serious consequences for both your child and you, parents! (Slide 15)
Remember that the greatest parental happiness is to see accomplished, smart and noble children!
Stage four “Birthdays only come once a year” (slide 16)
The family microclimate depends on family traditions, which are family holidays, such as birthdays.
Coming up with a family holiday program .
Summing up the general results.
It is very important not to rush into making decisions in various situations, to show more trust and goodwill, and not to try to punish children (slide 17).
One parable says: “Our children are visiting us now. And how we meet them depends on how you will be met in your old age.”
And in conclusion, I would like to show a few slides from the life of animals, but we have a lot to learn! (slide 18, 19)
Individual consultations after the meeting on family education issues.
List of sources used
Dick N.F. Handbook for primary school teachers. – Rostov-on-Don: Phoenix, 2007.
Magazine " Primary School» Olga Petrova “The Wisdom of Parental Love” (N17/2011). Pavlov A. Ten mistakes in parenting that everyone has ever made. J. “Education of schoolchildren”, 2001, No. 5. Soloveichik S.L. Pedagogy for everyone. M.: “First of September”, 2000. Shulgina V.P. 25 modern topics for parent-teacher meetings at school. Teacher's handbook - Rostov on/D: “Phoenix”, 2002.Internet resources
Photo " A happy family", "The faults and pranks of children", "Our children" from the Internet. The author and source of borrowing are unknown.
