So a month has passed after the birth of the baby. This month was full of anxiety, sleepless nights and the greatest responsibility. But at the same time, this is a time of joyful changes, a tremendous feeling of motherhood, acquaintance with the dearest man on earth.

The first days of the house - this is the period of formation of relations between the baby and parents, mutual adaptation to each other and to new conditions of existence. This is a period of searching for optimal and compromise solutions to problems that arise.

The baby can report his problems only with a scream and increased anxiety. And parents, of course, are in a hurry to find out the reasons and are looking for ways to help and what needs to be done.

A child in 1 month cries often because he has no other way to inform others about his troubles. Of course, the instinctive desire of the mother immediately to pick up the baby is entirely justified. You should not listen that in this way you can spoil a child: he must be sure that he will always be comforted.

It only at first glance seems that all children cry always the same way. But very soon, the mother realizes that the child changes intonation, depending on the cause. With the help of crying, the baby can show various emotions - resentment, complaint, anxiety, mental suffering, etc. So that parents can more easily navigate and help their baby, they distinguish the main characteristics of crying.

Types and causes of crying baby

1. Bubbling cry - the child screams for a few seconds, then pauses in anticipation of the result, then screams a little longer and falls silent again. Such a cycle can be repeated several times until it turns into a continuous cry.
2. Hungry crying begins with inviting crying. If at the same time the mother took the baby in her arms and did not put it to her chest, an angry cry begins with characteristic seeking head movements. If you do not feed after that, crying turns into a continuous cry in all your might.
3. Crying with pain is a monotonous continuous cry during which screams periodically occur, most likely indicating an increase in pain.
4. Crying because of the desire to sleep. Features of the nervous system are such that the baby is easily overworked. At the same time, a rather monotonous whimper sounds, a complaint, which is accompanied by yawning and frequent blinking of eyes.
5. Crying with discomfort - the baby may be cold or hot, may be disturbed by diaper rash or uncomfortable wrapping.

Loving and attentive parents very quickly begin to understand the types of crying of their baby and do everything to make it easier for him.

Abdominal pain

If the baby is 1 month old and still cries because of pain, it is necessary to eliminate its source as soon as possible. Very often, a one-month-old baby suffers from colic in the intestines - spasms that occur with an increase in gas formation in the intestines. Thus, the intestines of the baby adapts to new nutritional conditions. With pain in the tummy, the baby actively moves its legs, as if sorting them out. The baby experiences severe pain during a spasm and asks for help with his cry. There are several ways to help your child deal with colic.

• First of all, you need to take the baby in his arms and hug him, putting the head on his shoulder or putting a tummy on his lap. Heat will relax the muscles of the intestines and the spasm will weaken. For the same purpose, you can attach a heated warm diaper to the baby’s tummy. Sometimes a tummy massage helps. The main thing is for the baby to feel that mom is nearby at such an unpleasant moment and is ready to help.
• You can give your baby an infusion of a special mixture of herbs that have an antispasmodic effect, as well as other medicines, but only as directed by a doctor.
• Often young parents use a vent pipe, but it should not be abused.
• Moms who are breastfeeding should be very careful about their nutrition. The use of strong tea, coffee, cabbage, legumes, forbidden vegetables and fruits can cause colic in the baby.

Ear ache

Not only the tummy can hurt a baby. Often this can be an earache. More often this happens if the child has a runny nose. With unpleasant sensations in the ears, the monthly baby often twists its head. Runny nose often leads to inflammation of the middle ear at this age.

If parents suspected an ear inflammation in a child, they should definitely consult a doctor, first an otolaryngologist, then a pediatrician. Perhaps the doctor will prescribe a warming compress on the ear or nose drops.

Diaper rash

Caring for a baby in one month is the daily work of mom. Waking up with the baby, mom hurry to wash, feed, change clothes as soon as possible. And how glad she is to receive the friendly and joyful smile of her child! You need to see how he has grown and grown over night, and at the same time find out if there are any other changes.

Dressing up the baby, you should definitely carefully examine his skin, because it reflects everything that happens in his body. Particular attention should be paid to the armpits, the area behind the ears, the folds on the neck, in the inguinal region, the buttocks are sweet, on the arms and legs. In these places, diaper rash can be found that will bother the baby.

Diaper rash is the reddened areas of the baby’s tender skin, which becomes inflamed and becomes painful. Affected skin is easily infected, irritated and disturbs the baby. Diaper rash should be eliminated as soon as possible. They need to be washed with decoctions of chamomile, marigold, St. John's wort or another solution that has a weak antimicrobial effect. After this, blotter should drain the skin of the baby. You can use baby powder and sterile baby oil.

Watch the chair

Anxiety and crying of the child can be the result of a malfunction of the gastrointestinal tract. The frequency of bowel movements in babies aged 1 month may be different. A breast-fed baby usually goes to the bathroom after every meal, and babies breast-fed once a day or even every other day. All these are variants of the norm.

It is important that the feces are soft, uniform, and the child remains calm and normally gain weight. If the child has a suspicion of constipation, you can try to stroke his tummy clockwise, press the legs to the tummy, do light gymnastics and wait. If the baby is pushing to no avail, he can be helped by inserting a vent pipe. A mother who is breastfeeding needs to be more careful about her diet.

Do not confuse

It is important to properly wear the baby in the first month of life. It should be remembered that in children in the first months of life, the thermoregulation of the body has not yet been fully established. If the child has a fever, this may be the result of a simple overheating.

You should see if the baby is too wrapped up. Then turn it around and examine the skin: if it is red, and even more so wet, then, of course, the baby is hot. If the child is trying to open up, and his skin is red and hot to the touch, it is necessary to undress him, leaving him in lighter clothes until the skin acquires a normal color. Give your baby a drink of boiled cooled water.

Love and care

Young parents should know that sometimes the baby does not cry because he is hungry or something hurts. Perhaps this is a simple request to be picked up. Such a desire is a natural need for contact with mom. If the baby is one month old, he should not be left alone to cry, waiting for him to shut up. This practice has long been outdated.

Of course, the baby will be silent sooner or later due to fatigue, but his mother’s hands will remain necessary. Only to her will she still have the feeling that he was abandoned, that he lacks love and understanding. Such indifference of parents may lead in the future to the fact that the baby grows up in the human, closed, it will not be easy to communicate with him. That is why children in orphanages rarely cry. They know that they will not respond to their crying, they will not be picked up as often as they want. First and foremost, love and care are necessary for a crumb, because from the first days a personality is being formed. If the baby is often picked up, this does not mean that he will grow up spoiled and tender, as some parents are afraid.

What can a baby do at this age?

Behind the first month of the baby, its development is progressing. The child has already adapted to new living conditions, gradually all the functions of a small organism are adjusting their work. He is significantly different from the helpless newborn baby, he has new baby skills in 1 month.

1. Firstly, a baby of 1 month old grew by about 3 cm and significantly gained weight. On average, it is about 800 grams. If mom applied it to her breast on demand, then an increase of about a kilogram is possible.
2. Visual function develops. The baby not only knows how to keep a stationary object in the field of view, but also follows a smoothly moving toy.
3. Listens to the voice of an adult, a sounding toy or music.
4. The handles are mostly compressed into a cam, a grasping reflex is expressed.
5. Lying on his tummy tries to raise the head and hold it.
6. It produces individual sounds in response to an appeal to it.

The kid quickly gets used to new living conditions and surroundings, he begins to smile at his mother. This means that the baby is doing well and is looking for communication. The child develops an interest in loved ones, a desire to attract their attention with a smile, a gukany and animation.

The kid begins to emotionally respond to adults. If parents take the baby in their arms, communicate with the child, bring them to different objects, then they develop his emotional and informational need. Nothing that the baby is too small. It is imperative for him that loved ones show their love and care with affectionate words, voice intonation, a smile, gentle touches, then he will grow up healthy, happy and cheerful.

A child is considered a newborn from the first day of life to 28. At this time, the baby adapts to the outside world, after the wonderful 9 months spent in the greenhouse conditions of my mother’s tummy. At first glance, the baby looks defenseless crumb, but nature gives enough internal strength to the body for 100% survival.

In this article, we will answer the questions of parents about the reasons for the cry of the newborn, proper care, care, nutrition and sleep. Why the baby grunts, grunts, sneezes, twitches and breathes his mouth. Why doesn’t fart and poop once every 3 days, and if he did, then liquid or green.

In addition to many problems, the mother needs to teach the baby to properly apply to the breast in order to avoid stagnation of milk and the associated complications in the form of and. There are enough reasons for concern, but in this article we will try to analyze most of the points and help mom get the most out of her baby.

What should a child be able to do in 1 month

A newborn should be able to squeeze fingers, and bend the legs. Mom needs to carefully open her fingers and legs during the first weeks. The baby's legs will naturally curl into the pose of the embryo in which he was before birth. The first few weeks will pass when the baby learns to straighten from the pose of the embryo. Even more time will be required for the pronunciation of peculiar sounds called "speech of infants." This will be a loud occupation in the initial stages. In addition to crying in uncomfortable situations, a month-old baby begins to make a whole variety of sounds.

By the beginning of the second month, the child is able to:

• squeak
• scream
• grunt,
• sigh,
• groan,
• hiccup,
• sneeze.

The kid basically makes a sound to external and internal stimuli.

Weight of a newborn girl

weight chart for girls from birth to 6 months according to WHO standards

According to WHO standards, from birth to 1 month, a girl must gain from 800 grams to 1.2 kg.

Weight of boys in 1 month

According to WHO standards, from birth to 1 month, a boy must gain from 800 grams to 1.3 kilograms.

weight chart for boys from birth to 6 months according to WHO standards

Growth of the boy in 1 month of life

According to WHO standards, a newborn boy, like a girl, will add 4 cm in height in 1 month.

growth chart for newborn boys from birth to 6 months according to WHO standards

Growth girls in 1 month

According to WHO standards, a newborn girl will add about 4 cm to one month.

growth chart of a newborn girl from birth to 6 months according to WHO standards

Care for a newborn in the hospital

The main actions of doctors to ensure proper care immediately after the birth of a child:

• immediate wiping;
• providing contact of the newborn with the mother "skin to skin";
• clamping and cutting of the umbilical cord (after a few minutes);
• beginning of early breastfeeding.

After the first hour of life, the newborn will be treated with eyes. Five criteria will be evaluated (skin color, heart rate and respiration, reflexes, muscle tone) state of health on the Apgar scale. They will make a mandatory injection of vitamin K (prevention of hemorrhagic disease) and after 12 hours they will be vaccinated against. Measure weight, height and gestational age (from the first day of the last to the birth).

Daily care for newborns at home

The newborn's morning toilet includes air baths and skin care. Wipe thoroughly the entire body, especially the folds, with a cotton swab moistened with warm water from head to legs. Wipe each eye of the child with a separate swab from the outer corner to the inner one. If necessary, we clean the nose from crusts with the help of cotton flagella.

The basic rules for caring for the intimate places of newborn boys and girls are described below, but both need to be washed after each diaper change (2-3 hours). During all the procedures, we carefully look at the folds of the skin, buttocks and genitals of the baby. Infant skin is a reflection of his health. Treat irritations with baby creams (bepanten, sanosan, sudokrem, etc.).

Features of caring for a boy

Pediatrician E.O. Komarovsky believes that no additional hygiene procedures (delay, steam, lubricate) over the genitals of a newborn baby boy are needed. World pediatrics claims that apart from washing the baby's penis with warm water, no action is required from the parents.

Below are examples of how a month-old baby shows that he is tired and goes to bed:

• avoids eye contact;
• begins to get nervous, cry and become sleepy;
• coughs and spits;
• drooling;
• rubs his eyes.

How to bathe a newborn baby

Water procedures are the basis for proper newborn care. The first month to bathe the baby, if he is healthy and not vaccinated, is recommended by pediatricians every day before bedtime until the last feeding. You can begin to introduce the baby's body to water immediately after discharge from the hospital.

Where to bathe a newborn

Before the healing of the umbilical wound (2-3 weeks), the baby should be bathed in a baby bath, then you can go into a large one, and in 2-3 months to the pool. Before each bath, the bath should be washed with hot water and soap.

What water should be for swimming

A newborn is bathed in boiled water until the umbilical wound is completely healed. The water temperature should be 37 degrees, and in the room at least 25. With potassium permanganate (weak solution), if desired, bathe 1-2 times a week. With soap necessarily 1-2 times, but not more often, it dries the skin.

What infusions of herbs can be added to water

• a series of;
• chamomile;
• sage;
• calendula.

Bathing process

Put your baby back down in the water while supporting with one hand behind your head. With your other hand, pour water over the baby gently talking and smiling.

After swimming

Gently put the newborn on a soft towel and wrap it. Blot wet skin with gentle movements without friction. There should not be a huge temperature difference in the rooms.

1 month baby development

In the first month of life, a child needs first of all maternal care and love, which has a great influence on the development of the brain of the newborn. Warmth and a sense of security helps the baby create new brain cells and establish a connection with each other.

This contributes to:

• the perception of new ideas and information;
• a sense of security and confidence;
• growth of a healthy body.

Why cries a lot

• hunger;
• pain;
• fear;
• fatigue;
• reaction to smell;
• loneliness
• no mood.
• and many others other

Using the developed senses of taste and smell, the newborn distinguishes breast milk from other fluids. The baby has a sweet tooth and writhing nose every time it feels sour and bitter aftertaste.

When newborns begin to see and hear

A newborn child knows how to see faces and objects of different colors, sizes and shapes. By the end of the first month, the baby should calmly be able to distinguish the voices of parents from other people. Adults are surprised by the ability of the baby to adjust the body under their arms and shoulders.

After many months spent in the womb, the baby recognizes the mother's voice. When you turn on calm music, the baby will fall silent and listen.

How and what babies see after birth

The best distance for the visual perception of the baby in the first month will be from 20.3 to 30.5 cm. When feeding a newborn or holding it in her arms, the baby can clearly see the mother's face. But if the mother is a little further, the baby's eyes will start to squint and wander. Do not worry during the first months the look is normal.

With age, the child's vision improves. It will become easier for the kids to keep the focus on one subject for the right amount of time. It will normally begin to see between the second and third month. If this does not happen, take to the hospital for examination (physical examination). Breasts distinguish light from darkness, but so far they cannot recognize the entire spectrum of shades. Parents should show examples of black, white and other contrasting colors. Infants will study them with interest. But she will not react to pictures with drawings.

How much should a child sleep in the first month

A child sleeps on average from 16 to 20 hours a day for up to one month. Newborns wake up at regular intervals, both at night and during the day. Basically, children at 1 month sleep poorly due to:

• hunger;
• wet diapers;
• heat
• cold
• loud sounds;
• bright light;
• colic and gazik;
• emotional distress.

The cause for concern is:

• sleeps 4 hours without awakening to eat;
• does not sleep 4-5 hours;
• often wakes up (5-7 minutes).

Let the baby in 1 month decide for himself how much he needs to rest. At the same time, mother should remember that there is no unambiguous accurate data on the sleep rate of a newborn baby. Each baby has its own individual daily regimen.

Young parents will have to wake up several times a night - this is an integral part of the initial stage of care for newborn children. The best option would be to just go with the flow. Let your baby sleep in the first month when he wants to. Use slings, carry cots or cots. Mom or dad can safely walk for themselves while the baby is shrouded in a light sleep.

The sleep of a newborn throughout the day can be used to their advantage. Be sure to sleep, parents, especially mom. In order for the baby to sleep stronger, you need to warm his legs with his mother's hands or breathe on them. Often in a dream, babies groan and spin - this is normal because a child adapts to our world.

In what position should a monthly baby sleep

Sleep takes up most of the baby’s time after childbirth. The kid does not know how to choose the position of his body, and it is important for parents to learn how to put the baby in the crib correctly.

Pediatricians identify several safe sleeping positions for newborns. Experts recommend taking into account some physiological features of a monthly baby in each case:

1. On the side. The pose is recognized as the safest for the baby. The child will not choke in case of profuse regurgitation.
2. Half barrel. The desired position for the baby is created with a roller from a diaper or blanket. It is so useful to sleep for children suffering from colic, for a better discharge of gaziki.
3. On the back. It is allowed provided that the baby's head is turned to the side. The position is fixed with a soft diaper. Next time, the child is laid with a turn on the opposite side to prevent torticollis.
4. On the stomach. The pose prevents colic, is safe for regurgitation, and helps to strengthen muscles. It is recommended to put on the tummy in the daytime under the supervision of adults. The sleeping baby should not bury its nose in a soft surface. There is a risk of infant mortality from suffocation.

The correct position of the newborn in the crib during sleep is horizontal poses with the same level of the body and head. It is better to put the baby to sleep without a pillow. At 1 month, it is important for the child to alternate body turns every day for the healthy development of the spine and muscle system. Gradually, the features of the baby’s behavior will tell you in which poses he sleeps comfortably and safely.

White noise for newborns

White noise is a constant sound that pediatricians recommend giving newborns to listen to for a restful sleep. The baby heard sounds in the womb of the mother from the third trimester of pregnancy. Therefore, a familiar noise quickly calms the baby.

Examples of white noise:

• vacuum cleaner;
• beating of mother’s heart;
• dad's voice;
• fan;
• water;
• birds singing etc.

Infant nutrition

Newborn babies are born with a developed reflex to suckle. At 1 month, the child is well able to express his needs with the help of crying or screaming, and if nothing is needed, then it calms down without any help.

Mom’s life together in the first month with the baby is still draining. After all, newborns do not have a clear schedule: they may ask to eat every 2-3 hours, or even after 1.5.

It is almost impossible to rest normally for the mother in the first months after the birth of the baby. Night feedings should be carried out two to three times, or even more often. No matter how exciting the care of the baby would be, do not forget about yourself, because the nutritional value of breast milk depends on your mother. Choosing healthy food, and following a few simple rules of nutrition, mom provides herself with energy for all crazy days and nights.

How much should eat

In the first few days, the newborn will eat little breast milk. The child will have enough of nutritious and fat mother's colostrum. The size of the baby’s ventricle immediately after birth is only 10 ml. But the infant will often eat 10 to 12 times a day. Especially important for increasing lactation during breastfeeding are nightly feedings. If a breast-feeding mother does not have enough milk, then at night she should often apply a peanut to her breast. Pediatricians recommend that mothers feed their babies on demand.

How much does a newborn eat for one feeding breast milk

A child on willow should eat at least 6-7 times a day. The daily rate of the mixture for the newborn should not exceed a fifth of their body weight. Do not force the baby to forcefully eat up a one-time share; for the next meal, he will eat the lost. Since each organism is individual, the amount of the mixture cannot be determined for all the same. Consult a good pediatrician, monitor the weight of the child at 1 month and, of course, the behavior of the crumbs.

The rate of feeding a newborn on artificial feeding

Mom's Nutrition

During breastfeeding, a nursing mother should drink from 2 to 3 liters of fluid. Good nutrition is the guarantee of good health not only for the nurse, but also for her child. Do not be afraid to ask for the help of your friends, neighbors, relatives. Perhaps they will even be pleased to help you with shopping, cooking and cleaning. Below are some useful tips:

• A water bottle should be at hand in the house. If mother feeds her baby milk in 1 month, then she needs to drink about four liters of water.
• Exclude caffeine and sugar from the menu.

A nursing mother of a month-old baby needs to eat carbohydrate-rich foods:

1. whole-wheat flour bread,
2. legumes, for example, lentils and beans,
3. vegetables such as corn or potatoes,

as well as proteins:

• lean meat
• cottage cheese,
• eggs (we read an article about),
• nuts
• nonfat yogurt without additives.

Monthly Baby Day

In the first month for a newborn baby, we offer a three-hour daily regimen. A little later, you can go on a four-hour. The baby will get used to the new regime in just the first few days and will wake up when it’s convenient for mom. This mode promotes sound infant sleep at night.

In the first days of life, newborns are accustomed to the regime at the age of six weeks, sleep well at night, or those who have managed to gain 5-6 kg in weight before this age. My sons slept harmoniously at night from the age of eight. It was not so smooth with the second child, but the established regime really helped to cope with difficulties.

At night we feed one month old baby only if necessary. If you adhere to the same schedule, the baby will quickly get used to this mode. Well, we can only wish success!

Massage for newborns

Massage a newborn baby from the first days of life is necessary for normal development. Even our ancestors understood the importance of regularly massaging the baby’s body. They believed that bones became stronger and healthier.

Baby massage establishes a strong bond between the newborn and the parents. The process gives not only a sense of security and love, but also relaxes, soothes, gives the baby 1 month a good sound sleep. The digestive system in infants improves. And it really helps the baby cope with gas and colic. Massage develops flexibility in the baby and improves blood circulation.

Video: how to do massage for a newborn at home

Social development

Create a warm relationship between parents and other family members. This will help develop the social factors of one month old baby. Allowing other people to take care of the baby and talk to him - parents make it possible to establish contact with others around the babies.

The kid is learning a little how to relate to people. If for some reason you cannot be with the baby, it is best to leave it with trusted people.

A child of 1 month will eventually begin to enjoy their care. If you decide to leave the baby with relatives, friends or a skilled caregiver, make sure that he is in a comfortable environment.

Gymnastics

In the first month of life, children spend time learning how to feel loved and protected. Love will provide psychological and emotional strength to fight diseases and the ability to learn new opportunities.

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of dynamic gymnastics for the baby. 7 specific adapted exercises for classes with a baby up to 6 weeks are listed. We recommend watching the video: what and how mom can do on her own. Go to.

Sensitive perception

An important feeling for a month-old baby is touch. After many months spent in warm uterine fluid, the infant will open up to many types of sensory perception. While it will involuntarily shrink from a sudden stream of cold air, a soft towel and warmth of hands will become to his taste. Holding hands will bring him as much joy as you. These hugs will give a feeling of comfort, love and security. The results of scientific studies have shown that close emotional connections provoke an increase in development.

Runny nose

Parents repeatedly face a cold and. Snot in a month old baby and nasal congestion complicates an already hectic life for parents!

Often accompanied by cough, body temperature up to 37-38 degrees, sneezing. Although parents should not use antipyretic drugs for the newborn, unless prescribed by a doctor. There are other natural solutions that will help in difficult times.

The first temperature in a newborn

Mom’s heart just breaks when a month old baby is sick. The high temperature has always caused a certain fear in parents. This phenomenon has even spread among specialists called fever-phobia. Dear parents, when does a person have a fever, does a phobia wake up too? Support your guesses with facts and, unambiguously, you will feel calmer.

• Heat begins at a temperature of 38 ° C.
• One month old baby wakes up with flushed cheeks, the skin gives off heat. Use a thermometer, all doubts will be dispelled as soon as you see 37.7 ̊С. Which is better, rush to the medicine cabinet or to the phone? Neither one nor the other. The kid does not even feel the heat at this temperature. Even for the smallest children, the central body temperature is just about 37 ° C.
• In a baby of one month, as well as in adults, the temperature rises from various reasons, starting with physical exertion, a bath too warm and ending with warm clothes. Even the time of day can affect the temperature. For example, in the evening the temperature rises, and decreases in the early morning. So, if the thermometer shows that the baby is up to 38 ° C, you can calm down, he has no heat.
• Symptoms rather than numbers.
• Many parents are convinced that the higher the temperature, the more painful a month-old baby is, but not always the case. With a temperature of 39.4 ̊С, he can feel quite fine and play with his toys as if nothing had happened. At the same time, I want to note that a baby with a temperature of 38.3 ° C can be restless, tired, and need the arms of his parents.
• Does this mean that if an unhealthy baby feels well, he does not need medical assistance? And there is.

“Fight discomfort, not fever,” says Janice Sullivan, a pediatrician and Academy of Pediatrics spokeswoman. And remember, the fever in a newborn helps the body resist the disease. Instead of paying attention to the number of the thermometer, pay better attention to other signs that will show how sick the baby is. “It's much more important to pay attention to the symptoms,” says the doctor. “Sluggishness and fatigue, for example, speak much better about a disease than temperature.”

What medicines can be given to a child in 1 month at a temperature

Before grasping the medicine, try to reduce the heat by rubbing the baby with a wet sponge. This long-known method can be surprisingly effective.

Use moderately warm water (29-32 ̊С) to wipe the skin of a monthly baby, pay special attention to the forehead and axillary area.

If it seems that the child is completely unwell and rubdown does not help, antipyretic medicines will come to the rescue. But you need to remember about some important nuances. Never wake a sweet sleeping baby to feed him with medicines! If he is sleeping, do not disturb his sleep, and allow yourself to rest.

How much should a newborn poop in the early days?

On average, a newborn poop 6 times a day. Each child will have an individual chair in quantity and quality. Mom should know - if the baby is fed breast milk, most likely, he will defecate more often than children on artificial nutrition. In case of a problem, the baby’s behavior will definitely change and you should consult a doctor.

The frequency of stool in a child at the end of the first month should change. With age, children quantitatively defecate less, sometimes only once is enough for eight hours. But still, remember that breast milk is digested faster than the formula.

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The baby is becoming more and more like children from the covers of glossy magazines. Postpartum puffiness disappears, the skin straightens, most of the transient conditions of the skin of the newborn pass (toxic erythema, infant acne, milia, physiological jaundice).

Sleep newborn

By one month, the child himself forms a peculiar one. He has already clearly distinguished periods of wakefulness, food and sleep. The kid is active for about 40-60 minutes, after which he quickly gets tired and falls asleep.

Children at this age do not distinguish between day and night. They have not yet developed their circadian rhythms. Remember that the baby’s stomach is too small and quickly digests breast milk or formula. That is why the baby can wake up at night every 2-3 hours.

If you are lucky and the child sleeps for more than three hours in a row at night, then you do not need to wake him up to feed (if there is no medical indication for this). If the baby wakes up at night and does not want to fall asleep again after feeding, then you can play with him, but do not turn on the light. So over time he will get used to distinguish between night and day.

In addition, a child, like an adult, has two phases of sleep. AND in monthly children, the phase of superficial sleep prevails over deep, so they can easily wake up.

Baby food

The baby’s gastrointestinal tract has already adapted to a new type of nutrition. Even if he still has infants, then you already realized that this condition is self-passing, and you need to survive it. For the first month, children gain an average of 600-1000 g in weight. Someone can gain more, and someone less, but it is important to understand that weight gain must be mandatory.

With breastfeeding, feeding on demand is still preserved, but the baby is already learning to form its own regimen.

Remember that the baby can swallow air while feeding. If he fell asleep on his chest, then there is no need to wake him up and wear a column. The kid burps the air when he wakes up.

If the child receives the mixture, then he needs to be fed on his hands at an angle of about 45 0so that he can let out air while feeding. In this case, too, you do not need to keep the children in a column after feeding, it is better if they will be in their arms for some time at an angle of 45 0.

What can a child

♦ Humming appears. He learns to make sounds other than crying.

♦ Able to fix your eyes on bright contrasting objects, and best of all - on your face.

♦ Is able to distinguish mother from all other adults.

♦ Holds his head for several seconds in a position on his stomach.

♦ Actively moves arms and legs. By the end of the month, physiological hypertonicity begins to go away..

Child psychology

The baby is already learning to smile in response to your smile or just when you are bending over it. He tries to copy your facial expressions, and sometimes he even succeeds. The more often you smile, the more smiles you get in return.

Motor development

Independent conscious child movements are just beginning to take shape. Lying on his stomach, he already knows how to hold his head for a few seconds, but then again bury himself in bed. If you keep it upright, then he also knows how to keep his head well.

Active movement during wakefulness contributes to the faster development of the baby. therefore in the wakeful period of the child does not need him in any case. Laying on the stomach on a fairly rigid surface contributes to the development of motor abilities of children.

How to play with baby

The child already knows how to keep his attention on bright objects and toys. May not keep track of moving objects. The game time at this age is about 2-3 minutes.

You can move a bright toy close to the child’s eyes so that it holds it in sight. You can just make faces and watch his reaction. Sometimes you can bring the child to the mirror and watch how he reacts to his reflection.

What does the child feel

All children are empaths. AND the younger the child, the stronger his relationship with his mother, the clearer he captures all her emotions. Try to smile at the baby as often as possible, give him your positive mood, and he will answer you the same .. Try to talk more with him: when you stand in line at the store, cook dinner or walk along the street. Even when you are talking with someone else, the child receives a valuable lesson and begins to babble in response. Thus, you create the prerequisites for his first words.

Various musical toys, rattles, classical music and other sounds of the world - all this develops children's hearing. However, hearing screening is required. This is necessary in order to make sure that the child hears well. Pay attention to whether the child shudders at sharp sounds.

Last updated article: 03/25/2018

It seems that yesterday you just returned from the hospital. Happy, tired. And a little confused. This primarily concerns the parents of the firstborn. What to do now with the child? Much needs to be learned. Settle to life with a small demanding man.

But the first month of the baby’s life passes quickly. In everyday chores and worries, in addiction, in the child's knowledge of the world around him. Parents over the past month have become proficient in newborn care skills and feel more confident.

Pediatrician

One month of life for a baby is a milestone. The kid gains in weight about 700 grams, grows by several centimeters. The head and chest are enlarged in volume. And just as a child’s growth does not stand still, so does development by leaps and bounds. During this time, the baby manages to acquire certain skills and abilities.

Under the influence of information from the senses, emotions, impressions of the world, the nervous system does not stop developing. And, above all, the brain. This is what ensures the development of motor functions of the body. The child begins to learn to control the movements of parts of his body. First of all, with a look.

Fixation in a certain position of the body or its parts indicates the development of statics. The very first sign of it in an infant is an attempt to hold its head.

Adequate baby reactions to irritating factors are reflected in conditioned reflex activity. When a child is hungry, he expresses dissatisfaction with a cry. I ate - I calmed down. By the end of the first month of life, response becomes more difficult.

The baby examines the face of the mother, touches the chest, begins to smile. At the sight of a loved one, he briskly moves through the air with arms and legs. This is how conditioned reflexes are formed.

The pose of the child also changes. In a healthy newborn, the body is in a state of physiological hypertonicity. Arms and legs are bent at the joints. Cams clenched and pressed to the chest. The hips are slightly divorced.

This pose does not change even during sleep. The movements are trembling, chaotic. Both physiological tremor and physiological hypertonicity begin to fade after the first month of life.

What can a child do in 1 month?

For more information about seeing, smelling, see the article by a pediatrician.

Since the baby grows very quickly, it will be useful for parents to know.

1. A month-old baby should already begin to hold its head. This is best seen when the baby is on its stomach. The head does not fit into the diaper, like a newborn. The kid will keep her weight for some time.
2. Begins to recognize mom, make eye contact with her.
3. Captures the look. At first it is literally a second. Then, with each passing day, the child can focus on a stationary object longer and longer. By the end of the first month of life, children not only fix their gaze, but also follow their eyes with moving objects. Usually this is a bright rattle.
4. New sounds begin to appear in the speech. They are guttural or gurgling. This is not the usual infant "wah" of a monotonous nature. These are the first conscious sounds, the beginnings of speech, the beginning of a walk.
5. The baby begins to listen to speech, the sounds of the world. Over the past month, the baby was either scared of harsh sounds, or, on the contrary, calmed down. By the end of the month he is already more consciously reacting, distinguishes intonations. It calms down at the sounds of parents' voices and may be frightened by an unfamiliar timbre.
6. First smile. Parents have seen a newborn smile before. During sleep. The corners of the lips trembled, folding into a touching expression. But in a month, the baby for the first time can smile consciously, in response to the smile of mom or dad.
7. Reacts to the touch of a loved one. So, mom is capable of taking him in her arms. Caught in the arms of a stranger, the baby is likely to react negatively.
8. The formation of the internal clock. A certain one begins to loom. Some babies are waiting for feeding at the usual time. Awake and sleep at certain times.
9. Reflexes. Reflexes of newborns did not die out. At a medical examination, the child must clearly demonstrate them.
10. With the disappearance of physiological hypertonicity, the child’s posture becomes more relaxed.

Creation of ideal developing conditions

To create optimal conditions for the development of skills certain efforts:

• favorable atmosphere.

The kid perceives the world around him, absorbing impressions and emotions like a sponge. And not only their own, but also their parents. The calm atmosphere in the house, measured conversations, smiles of loved ones. In such conditions, the child develops a basic sense of security and trust in the world around him.

• tactile contact.

This is vital for the baby. In conditions of attention deficit, anxious inclinations form, phobias develop.

The child grows moody, sleep and appetite suffer. Adequate contact also contributes to the development of sensory organs and, as a consequence, the nervous system.

• massage and gymnastics.

Ideally, such procedures are carried out daily before an evening swim. They contribute to the normalization of muscle tone, have a beneficial effect on blood circulation.

At the age of one month, the choice is limited. The most important of the games is a rattle. Bright color attracts attention, focuses the eye. The sound makes you try to twist your head, which develops the cervical muscles.

Trying to grab the toy with your hand starts a whole chain of reactions in the baby’s nervous system, forcing the brain and muscles of the limbs to work in concert.

The whole developmental complex. During feeding, all sensory organs are stimulated. Growth and development factors come from milk, the presence of which favorably affects, first of all, the maturation of brain structures.

The emergence of a new family member is always accompanied by both pleasant moments and brings a lot of trouble for caring parents. Particularly acute are the issues related to skills, abilities and other features of the development of the child in 1 month. Let's consider in more detail.

What a newborn can do for 1 month of life

Vision

A characteristic feature of the development of a baby of 1 month is myopia. But this does not prevent the child from examining the face of the mother, close people, at a distance of 30-35 cm from eye level. A mowing of the eyes can be a normal reaction, so the baby focuses his vision, but if such a symptom remains until 3, 4 and older months - show it to the optometrist. At 4 weeks of age, the baby can distinguish contrasting pictures. To develop vision, you can hang toys and bright objects over the crib.

Hearing

On the issue of hearing development - at the very beginning of life, it is poorly developed, although it will hear a sharp and intense sound distinctly. Especially positive, the baby perceives high-frequency sounds, but in any case, the habit of speaking in an affectionate voice will have a beneficial effect on the development of the child. If there is no reaction to loud sounds and pops, consult a neonatologist.

Features of mental development

In the first month of development, the newborn retains all innate instincts - it is sucking, grasping and searching. If you touch the nipple to his small lips, they will form a bow. With a sharp clap - he will spread his arms and legs to the sides and bring them back, while lying on his stomach - he will make, as it were, swimming types of movements. If you take the baby in his arms - he will show movements that mimic vertical walking.

A newborn of the 3rd week of development knows how to copy the facial expressions of his relatives, and in the 4th week he tries to imitate speech, making snorting sounds that seem to be snorting. To develop speech and motor skills of the hands, you need to talk more often with the baby, complementing facial expressions and gestures. Sometimes you can listen to nice music. This will help to develop hearing and vision, improve the concentration and overall well-being of the child.

Baby sleep

A newborn for 1 month is awake for no more than an hour, but the older he gets, the more this period of time becomes. According to pediatricians, in the first week of life the wakefulness period does not exceed 20-25 minutes, and the number of daytime dreams is 4-8 times, with a duration of 15 minutes and up to 3 hours.

Feeding: breast milk and formula

In the first month of life, the best nutrition for the baby is mother’s breast milk, and it is its composition that covers all the body’s needs for all the nutrients. If it is not possible to breastfeed, breast milk can be changed to a milk mixture. At the same time, doctors also allow the possibility of using a mixed feeding scheme, when, with a shortage of breast milk, the baby is fed with artificial mixtures.

How often to apply a newborn to the breast? HS experts advise giving breasts as often as possible, this will stimulate lactation and develop tactile sensations of the baby. Better adhere to the position of a free feeding regime, so to speak on demand.

Proper baby care

An important element of newborn care is bathing and hygiene. You need to bathe the baby once a day, the procedure itself is best done in the evening, before night feeding and sleeping. Wash more often (especially in the hot season), wipe your eyes and cut your nails - everything is quite simple and easy.

Important! Do not forget to regularly change diapers, and after each shift wash the baby, wiping dry - the skin should be clean and dry.

In the warm season - air baths are shown, when the baby can be undressed and put on a changing table (crib) - this makes it possible to lie down without clothes. Regularly do wet cleaning, ventilate the room when the child is not in the room, and be sure to wash your hands before contact with the newborn - no one has canceled personal hygiene.

On the issue of bathing, this is not just a hygienic procedure, it is also a beneficial effect on the physical and emotional development of the child. Daily bathing improves the development of muscles, the vestibular apparatus, a sense of balance and improves the functioning of all internal organs and systems by stimulating blood flow and stabilizing pressure.

How to bathe a newborn in the first month of life? To prevent the baby from being scared, first wet the heels and arms. Begin water procedures with a 15-minute stay in warm water, gradually increasing the bathing period to 35-40 minutes. On the issue of temperature conditions, start the first bathing with a water temperature of 36-38 degrees, gradually increasing its level by 1 degree every 4 days. But pediatricians advise practicing hardening no earlier than 5-6 months of life, after consulting with the pediatrician.

Massage and gymnastic exercises

Light and smooth massaging movements of the hands over the body will have a beneficial effect on the physical development and emotional state of the child. You can start a massage session from 5 days after birth - the main thing is to exclude the umbilical cord region for the first time, until the latter is tightened and healed.

At the 1st month of life, massage sessions should not exceed more than 5-10 minutes, gradually increasing them to 20 minutes. In the matter of the practice of physical exercises - such exercises are necessary for the child and no less than feeding and sleeping. A set of exercises for a child can be developed individually by a doctor - but most often it can be flexion and extension of the legs and arms in the joints, mixing and raising them to the sides.

Medical observations

The development of a child in 1 month is a responsible mission for each of the parents. In accordance with the program of medical supervision, the newborn is shown to the pediatrician. The doctor will measure height and weight, listen to the heartbeat, examine the neck and feel the stomach.

In case of suspicion of congenital pathologies, an examination is performed using ultrasound - the procedure is painless and safe. This approach will allow you to detect the disease at an early stage and take appropriate measures. In addition, a biochemical and laboratory blood test, urinalysis and feces are performed.

According to the plan, an examination is performed by a surgeon and a neuropathologist, as well as an orthopedist. If the state of health is satisfactory, a hepatitis B vaccine is given. Then carry out the subsequent vaccination against pertussis, diphtheria, polio, tetanus - withstanding an interval of 30 days.

Possible problems and solutions

During the upbringing of a month-old baby, mothers and fathers face a number of problems that arise:

1. Constant crying. The reasons are different - this is a feeling of discomfort from the stiffness of movements with clothes, when the seam itself can also press, and the fabric can be unnatural and provoke allergies. Accordingly, it is advisable to choose all clothes for a newborn from natural, simple fabrics and put it on with a seam outward. The desire to drink or eat - just feed him, let him drink and the child immediately calm down. Another cause of baby crying may be the natural emptying of the stomach or bladder - just change your baby's clothes in clean, dry underwear.
2. Diaper rash - one more problem. Unformed immunity provokes diaper rash, and in the absence of proper care - go into the pustules, presenting a more serious problem. To prevent such a problem - it is worth monitoring the condition of the child, washing him and changing diapers, preventing him from being in wet diapers for a long time.
3. Colic and bloating of the peritoneum. Give a gentle massage when gentle hand movements will stroke it around the tummy clockwise. In addition, in order to overcome unnecessary gaziki - often turn it over on your stomach for several minutes 3-5 times a day. Teas and decoctions of dill and chamomile seeds will also help.
4. Dysplasia or underdevelopment of the hip joint is a common pathology. You can avoid it by swaddling on a special table, using the method of wide swaddling. Let him lie on the table, leaving him in a frog pose - this is a natural position for him.

What to pay special attention to?

1. Panting with an open mouth, a stuffy nose and a runny nose bothers you - examine the nose and airways, clean them, and if symptoms persist, show it to the doctor.
2. Pustular rashes on the body, filled with yellow fluid, diarrhea in a child with a splash of pus or blood - this indicates a possible inflammatory process that occurs in the body.
3. If the umbilical cord is not prolonged (remains wet), loss of appetite, apathy, weight loss and the reasons for such changes, the parents do not see - be sure to show the newborn to the pediatrician on duty.

In the 1st month after the birth, the baby loses some weight, and this phenomenon can not bother parents. The famous doctor Komarovsky considers this physiological process inside the body to be a normal phenomenon. As they grow older, the newborn will only add in kilograms and fully develop.