So, you decided to send the child to Kindergarten... Your family is now on the verge of a different life. We will assume that you have already found a suitable Kindergarten and agreed to admit the baby. Now the next important stage is the adaptation of your baby. In order for the child's adaptation to be less painful, it is very important in advance - 3-4 months in advance - to engage in self-preparation of the child for kindergarten.

1. Tell your child what is Kindergarten why do children go there, why do you want the baby to go to Kindergarten... For example: " Kindergarten- this is such a large house with a beautiful garden, where mothers and fathers bring their children. You will really like it there: there are many other kids who do everything together - eat, play, walk. Instead of me, there will be an aunt-educator with you, who will take care of you, like other kids. V kindergarten there are a lot of toys, there is a wonderful playground, you can play different games with other children, etc. "Another option:" kindergarten children play with each other and eat together. I really want to go to work, because I'm interested in it. And I really want you to go to kindergarten- because you will like it there. In the morning I will take you to the kindergarten, and in the evening I will take you. You will tell me what you had interesting in kindergarten, and I'll tell you what happened to me during the day at work. Many parents would like to send to this Kindergarten their children, but not all are taken there. You're in luck - I'll start taking you there in the fall. "
2. When you walk by kindergarten, gladly remind your child of how lucky he is - in the fall he will be able to come here. Tell your family and friends in the presence of the baby about your luck, say that you are proud of your child, because he was accepted into Kindergarten... And after a while your child will proudly tell others that he will soon go to Kindergarten.
3. Tell your child about the regimen in detail kindergarten: what, how and in what sequence he will do there. The more detailed your story is, the calmer and more confident your baby will feel when he goes to Kindergarten... Ask your child if he remembered what he will do in the garden after the walk, where he will put his things, who will help him to undress, and what he will do after lunch. By asking these questions, you can check whether the child remembers well the sequence of actions. V kindergarten babies are usually afraid of the unknown. When a child sees that the expected event is happening as it was "promised" in advance, he feels more confident.
4. Talk to your child about the difficulties they may have with kindergarten... Discuss who in this case he can turn for help, and how he will do it. For example: "If you are thirsty, go to the teacher and say: 'I am thirsty," and the teacher will pour you water. If you want to use the toilet, tell the teacher about it. " Do not create illusions in the child that everything will be done at his first request and in the way he wants. Explain that there will be many children in the group and that sometimes he will have to wait his turn. You can tell your toddler, "The provider will not be able to help all the children dress up at once, so you will have to wait a bit."
5. Teach your child to get to know other children, refer to them by name, ask, not take away toys, in turn offer toys to other children.
6. Let the baby choose his favorite toy as a companion, with which he can walk in Kindergarten- it's much more fun together!
7. There are different opinions about whether a mother should be close to her baby in the initial period of adaptation to kindergarten... It would seem, what's wrong with a mother attending kindergarten with her child? Everyone is happy, the baby is not crying, mom is calm. But thus the inevitable parting is only delayed. And other children, looking at someone else's mother, cannot understand - but where, in that case, is mine? Therefore, it will be better for everyone if from the very first day the child tries to stay in the group alone, without the care of the mother. And experienced educators will take care of the baby into their own hands.
8. Work with your child to develop a simple system of farewell signs of attention so that it will be easier for him to let you go. For example, kiss him on one cheek, on the other, wave your hand, after which he calmly goes to the kindergarten.
9. Remember that the baby's addiction to kindergarten it can take up to six months, so carefully calculate your strengths, capabilities and plans. It is better if during this period the family will have the opportunity to "adjust" to the peculiarities of the baby's adaptation.
10. The child feels great when parents doubt the appropriateness of kindergarten education. The cunning kid will be able to use any of your hesitations in order to stay at home and prevent parting from his parents. Easier and faster to get used to children, for whose parents Kindergarten is the only alternative.
11. The child will get used to kindergarten the faster, the more children and adults he can build relationships with. Help him with this. Get to know other parents and their children. Call other children by their first names in front of your baby. Ask him at home about new friends. Encourage your child to seek help and support from others. The better your relationship with the caregivers, with other parents and their children, the easier it will be for your child.
12. There are no perfect people. Be indulgent and tolerant of others. However, it is imperative to clarify the situation that is troubling you. Do this gently or through a specialist.
13. Avoid critical remarks about kindergarten and his staff. Attention - never scare a child kindergarten!
14. Support your baby emotionally during the adaptation period. Hug him more often, kiss him.

In the life of every family, there comes a time when you have to send your baby to kindergarten. Then, especially for young parents, many questions immediately arise. At what age to do this? Which preschool institution is better to choose? How to provide the baby with a comfortable adaptation period? We will try to answer all these questions.

Sooner or later, every child will have to face adaptation in the children's team

The first stage of adaptation

It is necessary to start preparing for this stage in advance, about two months before the start of enrollment in kindergarten. The task of the preparatory stage is the formation of skills and abilities in the behavior of the child, thanks to which the process of adaptation to unknown conditions will be easier and faster.

Collecting information

First, you should try to collect as much information as possible about the preschools in your area. Try to use multiple sources for completeness. Using the Internet, you can go to the website of each of the preschool institutions.

It is worth visiting the kindergarten you like: you can attend a children's party with your child, go to a psychologist's consultation, visit an open day, consult with other parents, educators and the head. First of all, it will depend on them how much your baby likes to go to kindergarten.

Determining the optimal age

According to psychologists, it is best to send the baby to kindergarten when he turns 3-4 years old. At this age, children are much easier to adapt to an unknown environment, in contrast to two-year-olds. This is due to the fact that they have already learned to speak, are able to serve themselves a little, gained experience in communicating with adults. Also at this age, babies have a need to communicate with their peers, they behave more calmly when their mother is absent for a long time.

Age 3 is great for starting preschool

We assess the readiness of all family members

Of course, it is impossible to say for sure at what age it is best to send your baby to kindergarten - first decide for yourself whether you really cannot do without kindergarten at the moment. Children well feel the doubts of adults about the need for this upbringing. The habituation process is easier for those children whose family has no other choice. Remember that after the first visit by the child to kindergarten, for the next 2-3 months you should have a large supply of free time, as you will need to adjust to the mode of attendance that is comfortable for him. There are children who feel good from the very beginning in a preschool institution, and some cannot get used to it for a long time - in this case, you should not rush things, you need to give the child the opportunity to gradually get used to the unknown environment.

Short stay groups are often created in the gardens so that the little one can gradually get used to the full day group. If there is such an opportunity, do not miss it. Children who attend such groups find it much easier to adapt to unknown conditions.

In the event that you plan to take a vacation in the near future and go on vacation with the whole family for 2-3 weeks, it is better to postpone the visit to kindergarten. The child's nervous system will undergo a serious test, as he will again have to adapt to an unknown environment.

So that the child does not have time to become very homesick, in the first weeks it is better to leave him in the kindergarten not for the whole day.

We go through physical training

Before the baby spends his first day in kindergarten, he needs to go through a medical commission and pass all tests. Do not think that if you have received from a pediatrician a conclusion about your child's readiness to attend kindergarten, he is not afraid of illness. Nevertheless, most colds will be able to bypass your baby if it is correct. These procedures must be started in advance, at least 3 months before enrollment in a preschool institution. Kindergarten teachers have been resorting to this method for a long time during their summer health work.

Excellent mood is a constant companion of the hardening procedure. The procedure should not last more than 5 minutes. It will be nice if your little one can regularly go to the pool or, best of all, give preference to a kindergarten with a pool.

We start to live on schedule

Pre-specify what daily routine operates in the preschool institution that you have chosen: the time of arrival of children, feeding, daytime sleep. We'll have to reconsider the regime at home. Correction should be done 2-3 months before the child goes to kindergarten. You will need a lot of patience and endurance: desire alone is not enough for a baby to change his schedule, as he is subject to a dynamic stereotype. This issue requires a serious, consistent and systematic solution.

It is necessary to develop a certain regimen and adhere to it every day (every family member must follow it). To begin with, you need to organize an early rise for the baby in such a way that he feels the need for it: “Let's go for a walk to the park, otherwise your favorite swing will be busy,” etc.

The sooner the child gets used to the “kindergarten” schedule, the easier it will be for him to adapt.

Just do not pretend that these measures are aimed at preparing for kindergarten, otherwise the child will develop hostility to this institution ahead of time. In the process of laying, you need to use actions that the little one likes: read a book, listen to calm music. Children give preference to constancy: this way they feel more comfortable and fall asleep faster. When the baby skips a nap, try to just put him down after dinner and read a book to him. If the little one is used to sleeping more than 3 hours after lunch, try to reduce the sleep time to 2 hours.

All by myself!

Try to teach the child independence in self-service, play, communication with adults and peers. If, by the time of enrollment in kindergarten, the child learns himself how to use a spoon, go to the potty, dress, he will feel more comfortable in the group.

Try. You can give him a spoon and explain what it is for. Give the little one the opportunity to dress himself. Show him how to wear clothes and shoes correctly. As soon as the baby shows independence, be sure to encourage him. Only help if you really need to. Development takes place through overcoming difficulties. Share with your child the joy for his success. Try to teach the baby to play on his own: feed the doll, build a house, operate the car, etc. First, take part in the game with him, show him how to do it correctly, and then watch the game from the sidelines. At first, it is thanks to the toy that the contact of the crumbs with the teachers can be established. The toy will be a good reason for communication with the child and will help to gain his trust.

It is easier for independent children in kindergarten, because they are less dependent on educators

In order for the crumbs to have a desire to go to kindergarten, you need to tune it in the right way. Let him know that he is old enough to visit the garden. Let the baby think that this is a reward for his efforts. Tell him about your positive experience. Have him look at your pictures in kindergarten with peers. Explain how interesting it is in kindergarten: you can play with friends, walk, eat together. In no case should you exaggerate and lie to the child, he should receive reliable information. Make up a fairy tale where the characters go to kindergarten together. If there is an older child in the family who enjoys going to kindergarten, ask him to tell the baby how good it is there.

Spending time with other children

Before enrolling in kindergarten, the baby must learn how to behave correctly in society. He needs to be taught to understand prohibitions, obey adults, communicate with peers, and not offend other children. This is facilitated by frequent spending time on the playground, visiting friends with small children. Invite them to visit as often as possible. Give your baby the opportunity to communicate! The sandbox experience is certainly important for all children - through communication with others, the baby distinguishes himself and reveals his individual characteristics.

While playing on the playground, tell him how to properly ask for a toy, change or offer to play with peers. In order for the kid to master the skills of acquaintance, first you must ask yourself what the names of other children are, introduce your baby to them. The child will imitate you and will eventually learn to do it himself.

The experience of interacting with other children is gained even in the sandbox, so mommy should promptly explain the subtleties of communication to the baby

Mom, don't go!

According to many psychologists, how long and how painful your blood will be to adapt to kindergarten depends on the relationship between children and parents. It will be much easier for a baby if, before enrolling in kindergarten, he already had the experience of parting with his mother. It is important for the little one to know that his mother will definitely come back for him. Practice parting with your baby sometimes, increasing the distance between you over time. At the initial stage, you can stand with him in the sandbox, then move away from him a meter, then even further away, but so that he can see you. Do not scold the child and rush things, so you can provoke even more anxiety.

If possible, leave the little one with relatives or a close friend (whom you completely trust): at first not for long, then gradually increase the time of parting with him by 2-3 hours, then up to eight or nine. Until the moment you visit a tiny kindergarten, you need to try to make him feel the need to communicate with others and active independent actions.

Each time tell your bloodline what time you will pick it up - come on time. If the child learns this moment, he will not worry in the garden that you will not take him.

Second stage of adaptation

If at the preparation stage you did everything right, then by the time you enroll in kindergarten, the baby will already know what he is going there for. However, a period of adaptation cannot be avoided. To minimize potential problems during this time, try the following:

1. Think, can you really do without kindergarten? When in doubt, the adaptation process is likely to be difficult.
2. Be patient! In this difficult period, it is common for a baby to cry.
3. Try to connect with the caregivers and other parents in the group.
4. When entering the locker room, always greet everyone who is there: other children, their parents, caregivers. The kid will feel that it is safe here.

Mom should emphasize in every possible way that the teacher and other children are friends with whom the baby will be interesting and safe

• Some believe that it is advisable to spend the first day in kindergarten with the baby, but you should not do this: parting still cannot be avoided, and other children may find it offensive that their mother is not around.
• Do not say goodbye for a long time - when leaving, once again hug and caress your child, wave your hand through the window. If it's hard for the little one to part with you, the dad or grandmother can send the baby to the kindergarten. At first, do not leave the child for a long time and discuss with the educators the time at which you will pick him up.
• Remember to praise your child for his or her success in the garden. Let him tell you how he spent the day. Do not be lazy to hug and caress your blood as often as possible.
• You can draw a house, a kindergarten, a job, a store, etc. with your baby on paper.Use the arrows to draw a route and tell your baby how you will take him to the kindergarten, go to work, go to the store, and then be sure to take him home ...
• Never lie to a baby, speak only the truth. Show patience at home with your child's behavior during the acclimatization period, as at first he will feel insecure in preschool.

A kindergarten is certainly necessary for a full-fledged upbringing and development of a child, since it is very important for a person to be in a team. Every baby who has reached 2 or 3 years old will have to go through the adaptation process. Komarovsky gives several recommendations to make this process less painful:

1. It is better to start attending a preschool institution at a time when the mother has not yet finished her maternity leave. As soon as the baby gets sick, mom can immediately pick him up and sit with him at home for a while.
2. You need to decide on the time of year when you plan to send your baby to the garden. The best option is summer or winter. Spring and autumn is not the best time, since during this period there is a high probability of catching colds.
3. Specify in advance what policy is being promoted in the preschool institution: if children are forced to eat, if they are dressed too warmly for walks - this can seriously hinder the adaptation process.

According to Komarovsky, you can also try to speed up the adaptation process by adhering to the following tips:

1. At the initial stage of visiting kindergarten, show favor to your child, do not scold him, because he is already under great stress.
2. Even at the preparation stage, you should prepare the baby for more communication: go to the playgrounds more often or make new acquaintances.
3. First, you need to deal with strengthening the immune system. In this case, the baby will hurt less, and therefore adaptation for him will be much easier.

Komarovsky does not deny that there are many difficulties in the process of adapting to a preschool institution, but this is not a reason to abandon him. It's just that the family needs to prepare for the process with all responsibility, then it will be much easier for the baby to go through this difficult period in his life.

In order for the child to quickly get used to kindergarten, get sick less and go there in a good mood, without spoiling the nerves of either himself or his parents, he must be prepared ahead of time for attending a preschool. Purposefully and gradually, since this work cannot be done quickly a week before the start of visits to kindergarten. Also, do not neglect the preparation, even if your child is lively, independent and sociable - it is better to overdo it and prevent psychological trauma for the rest of his life with his own child.

Being in a peer group trains and develops the following qualities in a child:

• attention to the surrounding world;
• independence;
• interaction with other children.

Before starting kindergarten, the child must learn to communicate not only with family members, but also with other children and adults. Parents should definitely tell the kid about the kindergarten, about what the children do there, about other children, about the regime. You also need to contact the specific kindergarten where you are going to send your child in advance, find out what is needed to visit a specific preschool institution, and ask about the daily routine. Take your child for a walk near the kindergarten so that your little one can get used to the environment. And most importantly, do everything gradually. It is gradualism that is the key to the success of the child's quick adaptation.

Medical examination in front of the kindergarten

Do not forget about the doctors who are also preparing children for kindergarten. 2 or 3 months before the start of the visit to the kindergarten, the district pediatrician and medical specialists conduct a clinical examination of the child. Rehabilitation and treatment of the baby is carried out depending on its results. Doctors pay a lot of attention to respiratory diseases a couple of months before starting kindergarten. Often at this time, it is recommended to take drugs that increase immunity (for example, vitamins, rosehip syrup), as well as hardening, breathing exercises, learning to breathe through the nose, if the child breathes through the mouth.

Doctors advise the parents of the child on measures to prevent stress during the period: keeping home and kindergarten regimes, communicating with children and adults, getting used to a varied diet, stopping motion sickness and bottle feeding.

Science claims that children closer to two years develop increased mobility of nervous processes: this makes it easier for them to adapt to new conditions, interest in unusual activities and toys, and helps to better understand the speech of adults. From 10 months to one and a half years, the process of adaptation in children is the most difficult: at this time, they are still naturally incapable of discarding old stereotypes and schemes and creating new ones. Therefore, it is not recommended to send babies under one and a half years to a nursery.

Hardening in front of the kindergarten

Hardening children is part of the kindergarten preparation program and strengthening the immune system. The two most important theses when carrying out hardening procedures: gradualness and regularity. It is recommended to proceed to hardening in the warm season and when the child is completely healthy. The simplest type of hardening: walking barefoot, first indoors, then outdoors. There are also types of hardening by means of air, water and sun rays.

At first, it makes sense to switch to walking on the floor in socks or stockings twice a day, in the morning and in the evening for 20-30 minutes. In this case, 10 minutes are added every day until the time becomes equal to one hour. Only after a month you can start walking barefoot on the ground (not on asphalt, but on the ground in a garden, park, or dacha). Walking on fine gravel or hard earth is especially effective. After each barefoot walk, rub and wash your feet, massage the calf muscles. The skin of the foot will gradually harden and become insensitive to cold.

Types of hardening of children 1-3 years old:

• walks twice a day at air temperatures from -15 ° to + 30 ° С;
• sleeping in the open air at a temperature of -15 ° to + 30 ° С;
• taking air baths when changing clothes after sleep during gymnastics and washing. Recommended from two years of age;
• a gradual decrease in the temperature of the water when washing from 20 ° C to 16-18 ° C (the decrease is carried out by one degree in three days). For children over two years of age, wash their necks, arms up to the elbows and upper chest;
• in the summer, being under the influence of direct sunlight, 2-3 times a day, starting from 5 minutes, gradually bringing up to 10 minutes;
• the temperature of the room in which the child is located should be 16-18 ° С;
• watering the feet before going to bed. The water temperature should first be 28 ° C, then it is gradually reduced to 18 ° C;
• twice a week, taking baths before going to bed for 5 minutes (water temperature 36 ° C), after the bath, pouring water with a temperature of 34 ° C.

Wellness activities in front of the kindergarten

After going through the preparatory procedures, doctors draw up an epicrisis for the kindergarten with recommendations for nutrition, regimen, disease prevention, and physical exercise.

Also honey. workers recommend lubricating the nasal passages with antiviral agents (for example, Anaferon ointment, oxolinic ointment, Infagel, etc.) during the child's habituation to kindergarten in the morning. If the child has contracted an acute respiratory illness, then it is recommended to return to kindergarten only two weeks after complete recovery, otherwise he may get sick again.

Be sure to pay attention to vaccinations that must be done before going to kindergarten. In this case, at least a month must pass from the date of the last vaccination. During the period of the child's habituation to kindergarten, he cannot be vaccinated. By the age of three, the child must be vaccinated four times - against diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus (DPT), once - against tuberculosis, rubella, measles, mumps, five times - against polio. Also, by this age, children can be vaccinated against hemophilic and menningococcal infections, hepatitis A and B. Once a year, children undergo the Mantoux reaction, with a positive result of which a consultation with a phthisiatrician is necessary. Keep in mind that if your child has not yet been vaccinated with all the necessary vaccinations, this cannot be a reason for refusing admission to kindergarten, because, according to the law, the family has the right to decide whether to vaccinate the child on their own or not.

However, in practice, doctors often prevent the preparation of the necessary documents, even if the child has not been vaccinated for health reasons. The head physician may not sign a medical card for a kindergarten, or the head of the kindergarten may not accept it without vaccinations, because the sanitary and epidemiological station monitors her in compliance with this unspoken rule. You may be informed that the kindergarten has run out of places when they find out that your child is not vaccinated. This state of affairs is due, firstly, to the opinion that unvaccinated children are the source of a variety of diseases. Second, the community doctor receives a bonus for fulfilling the vaccination plan. But remember that by refusing your child to attend kindergarten on the basis of lack of vaccinations, doctors and kindergarten managers are breaking the law.

A kindergarten can postpone the time of admission of children without vaccinations in the event of a massive spread of infectious diseases or the threat of massive epidemics. If honey. The district doctor refuses to sign the card, you must write an application to the head physician of the polyclinic with the exact indication of the name, date and number of documents on the basis of which you were refused to sign the card. Let us know that your next step will be to contact the Health Department and the prosecutor's office. In the kindergarten, if you refuse to accept the card, write an application addressed to the head of the kindergarten. Also, do in case of an unexpected absence of the promised place in the kindergarten: write a statement asking to clarify the reasons why the place disappeared after the message about the lack of vaccinations. You will be forced to respond in writing: be sure to leave the address and phone numbers in the letter. Next, you should contact the district departments of preschool education.

More about prophylactic medical examination

Dispensary examination includes examination by the following specialists:

• an optometrist to check vision and the need for its correction;
• a neuropathologist to analyze the development of the baby's nervous system and his possible tendency to neurotic reactions;
• a dermatologist to check the baby's skin condition. Particular attention is paid to children with allergies. Also, this doctor will be able to distinguish diathesis from fungal diseases or scabies that require treatment;
• an orthopedist to detect postural disorders, scoliosis, flat feet and recommend measures aimed at preventing these diseases;
• surgeon to examine for possible developmental defects that may require surgery.

The pediatrician directs for the delivery of blood tests, urine, feces, in some cases for measuring blood pressure, electrocardiogram, ultrasound and, if necessary, gives referrals to a gastroenterologist, cardiologist, nephrologist and others.

The psychologist should discuss with the parents the character and behavior of the child and give individual recommendations for adapting the child to kindergarten.

A week before the start of the kindergarten visit, the child must be tested for diphtheria bacillus and intestinal infections, and the day before arriving at the preschool educational institution, it is necessary to take a certificate from the polyclinic about the absence of contacts with infectious patients.

Children with chronic diseases or congenital malformations are sent to kindergarten according to the individual decision of a commission of specialist doctors in each case. There are special kindergartens with speech therapy groups for correcting speech defects, kindergartens where children with diseases of the organs of vision, musculoskeletal system, nervous system and others are treated. In some kindergartens, according to a special program, they are engaged with children who are often ill (usually such programs include classes in the pool, inhalation, taking adaptagens).

Psychological and emotional preparation for kindergarten

As for the psychological and emotional preparation for kindergarten, the first thing that must be completely eliminated is threats and pressure on the child. You don't need to scare him to leave him in the garden forever in case of disobedience, you don't need to intimidate with strict rules and educators. Tell your child that in kindergarten he will find many new toys and playmates, that this place is created for children to come and play. You can take as an example older brothers and sisters who already go to kindergarten because they have grown up.

Be sure to take the child to the kindergarten in the first two weeks and take the child yourself, without entrusting it to your neighbors or nanny. Do not be discouraged that the child will cry when parting with you - this is a normal reaction. But if after two weeks the tears have not gone away, this is a reason to think if you sent your child to kindergarten too early. Try to talk to your caregivers and supervisors about this situation. You may have to postpone kindergarten attendance for six months or a year. When parting, do not leave unexpectedly when the child is distracted: he will then notice your absence and will be shocked. Warn him in advance that you will leave, and do not do it secretly. Do not drag out the goodbye without letting the child sink more and more into self-pity.

If it is too difficult for the mother to part with the child and see his tears, then it is worth entrusting the sending of the child to the kindergarten to the dad. The fact is that the mother, with her emotions, can herself prevent the child from adapting to new conditions as soon as possible.

How to avoid problems in adapting to kindergarten

Keep in mind that sometimes signs of adaptation problems do not appear in the first days of visiting the garden, but after a couple of weeks or even a month later. The child may begin to have nightmares, he may flatly refuse to go to kindergarten in the morning or after an illness. This is due to the fact that the new environment and new acquaintances have already ceased to rivet the child's attention, the pride associated with the awareness of adulthood has already faded into the background, and the child has a completely different assessment of the changes that have occurred in his life. Perhaps the parents, reassured by his exemplary behavior, too quickly left the baby alone with their own experiences and began to pay less attention to him.

The child is able to fully adapt to kindergarten only 2 or 3 months after the start of regular visits to the preschool institution. All these three months it is necessary to smooth out the situation and try to show the child that there are not so many differences between his past and present life. On weekends, try to feed him what he wants, have dinner on weekdays together, talk to him, pick him up from the kindergarten yourself. Ask your child about kindergarten and what he did there today, save his crafts and drawings brought home, listen carefully to the stories. This will show the child that he is still important to you and you need him, that you are not indifferent to his fate, and will also stimulate him to train his speech and speaking skills. If your child wants to invite friends from kindergarten to his home or to give flowers to his beloved teacher, this is a great sign, which means that the child does not see a big difference between life at home and in the garden.

Maintain feedback from the kindergarten, from time to time talk with the caregivers about your child's behavior. Many children in the kindergarten behave differently, it will be useful for you to find out this information, and you, in turn, can tell the teacher about what you know about the character and behavior of your child at home. Sometimes this allows you to solve a number of problems related to the behavior and upbringing of a little person.

Try not to completely exclude kindergarten from your child's life. There he learns communication and social skills, the assimilation of which, in case of missing kindergarten, will have to be postponed to school time.

How to prepare your child for a comfortable stay in kindergarten

When you decide to send your child to kindergarten, first of all, do not be nervous yourself, so that the anxiety does not pass on to the child. Do not tell your child about possible problems, tell him only good things, but do not overdo it in this, so that the kid does not expect that he will fall into a fairy tale in reality. Calmly explain why your child needs to attend kindergarten. Try to give your child a sense of pride in being assigned to kindergarten. Tell us how difficult it is to get there (the story will be true because of the long queue to kindergarten) and mention that many children do not go to kindergarten.

Two to three months before the start of kindergarten visits, you need to rebuild the child's regime so that he easily wakes up an hour and a half before leaving the house in the morning (no later than eight in the morning). If your baby does not sleep during the day, then you need to teach him to lie quietly in bed. You can tell him about quiet games and activities with himself, about playing with words, teach him how to write stories and fantasies, repeat memorized poems, carefully examine the surrounding objects and remember small details, play with fingers.

Try to feed your baby at the same time: if you are sleeping and eating, he will go to the toilet by itself at the same time. Also try to teach your child to go to the toilet not when he can no longer tolerate, but in advance: before a walk, before leaving the house, before going to bed, otherwise in the future in kindergarten he may develop complexes. The best time for a bowel movement is after breakfast. It was at this time that the intestines were activated. In the morning, be sure to leave time for the child so that he can sit quietly on the potty.

If there are problems with bowel movements, then before breakfast offer the child a glass of cold water with one or two teaspoons of honey, jam or sugar (if the child is not allergic to these foods). Cold water stimulates bowel function. The following products are distinguished by the same property: cabbage, carrots, pumpkin, kefir, apples, dates, zucchini, spinach, peaches, melon, prunes, beets, dried black bread. Drinking one and a half to two liters of liquid daily will also help to avoid constipation. The following products should be excluded: chocolate, cocoa, strong tea, pomegranate, semolina. Also, in order to stimulate the intestines, the child should be given fewer pears, white bread, pies, pasta, thick soups, rice, blueberries.

Be sure to teach your child how to use toilet paper for hygiene, wash hands with soap, blow your nose into handkerchiefs. He must learn to eat with a fork, not scattering food around him and not being a bully with it, while eating to be silent, chewing food well and not filling his mouth greedily.

In the evening, put your child to bed no later than 9 pm.

Adjust the diet so that the child ate similar meals at home and in kindergarten - this will reduce the likelihood of whims and refusal to eat. Do not feed your baby between breakfast and lunch, lunch and dinner. If the child is still very naughty at the table, discuss the situation with the provider and doctors.

How to help your child get used to kindergarten and get used to independence

When telling your child about kindergarten, tell him what mode he will live according to. The more the baby learns in advance, the more confident he will feel. Get down to the specific details: decide where the child will fold street clothes, who and how will help him to undress and dress, what he will do when he eats. After a while, bring up the topic of kindergarten again and check how much the child remembered the sequence of actions. The unknown is scary. And if the kid sees that everything in kindergarten is going exactly with his plan, he will feel better and happier.

Be sure to instruct your child on what to do in case of difficulty. Tell that if he wants to drink or go to the toilet or something else, then he should go to the teacher and tell about it. But warn the child that all his desires and requirements will not be fulfilled instantly, since there are many children in the group and you will have to wait for your turn.

Pay attention to the behavior in the morning before kindergarten and the farewell to the child. Try to distract his thoughts by asking for help (look for an item of clothing when packing, carry a bag or umbrella, etc.). Some children refuse even to eat or sleep in the absence of their parents. They are not distracted by the games, but anxiously keep track of the time, waiting for the arrival of their mother. In this case, try to put the child in a situation more often so that the absence of parents becomes necessary for him, so that he can want it himself. For example, when preparing a surprise for the parents or playing an interesting game at a time when it's time for mom to leave. The strong psychological dependence of the child on the parents is provoked by the parents themselves by their emotions and by the overestimation of their own role in the worldview of the child. Therefore, start working with yourself and convince yourself that you yourself are not the whole world for a child, although, of course, a significant part of it.

When you are about to leave home for the whole day or evening, give your child important tasks to distract him from sadness and teach him to be independent. Ask him to clean the room, keep order, keep track of lunch time or bedtime (the latter, of course, under the tacit supervision of adults). In the evening, talk to your little one about how he coped with the task, and be sure to praise him for his success. Point out that you have done so many things (list which ones) thanks to his help and housekeeping.

Create a goodbye ritual. For example, kiss your child on the cheeks, shake hands or wave your hand as he walks through the kindergarten door. So it will be easier and easier for the baby to say goodbye to you.

Monitor your child's relationships and interactions with other children. To what extent does he show initiative in dating and games? Does he know how to offer something to a group of children? If you see that yours has communication problems, tell him how to behave better, how to approach and greet the guys, invite them to play with their toys or find a compromise if they refuse to play some kind of game, etc. Tell your child, what to take with him outside and take to kindergarten he can only those toys that he is ready to share with other kids. Otherwise, he may be very worried about his favorite toy, which risks developing greed in him and embroil him with his peers. Teach not to take away toys from other children, but to politely ask and offer your own in return.

As for the clothes in which you will dress the child in kindergarten, please note that there should not be small hooks, buttons, laces or buttons on it that would prevent the child from dressing and undressing freely. Do not dress children in tight clothing. The fabric of clothing, including socks and tights, must be natural: cotton, light woolen, or in combination with rayon. Make sure that the front and back of the garment are quickly and easily distinguishable by design or other reference. Also check if your clothes have a tight collar and have pockets.

First day in kindergarten

So, the first two months in kindergarten are devoted to habituation and adaptation. Adaptation will not begin sometime later, it began already when you made a firm decision to send your child to kindergarten. Regularly discuss with your child his future kindergarten attendance, tell and prepare him for a new one, introduce him to the kindergarten and try to interest the baby.

The first day a child spends in kindergarten is very important for him. Try to make the first impression positive, choose with him his place in kindergarten, bed and closet. When discussing kindergarten with your child in the evening, focus his attention on joyful and pleasant events and impressions.

There is an opinion that the first day in kindergarten with a child is better spent by his parents. But this also has a negative side: firstly, parting is still inevitable, it was not canceled, but simply postponed. Secondly, other children may be jealous and offended why someone's mother is present in the kindergarten, but they are not.

At the first time attending kindergarten, try not to leave the baby for a quiet hour and pick up at a time agreed in advance with the educators so that they can psychologically prepare the child accordingly for returning home. Also tell the provider in advance about your child's habits and personality. How do you calm him down, what he loves and what not, what fairy tales and fairy-tale heroes are his favorites, what toys he likes. Give your child some of the toys or books with you to kindergarten. This will help him to feel at home more quickly.

Praise your child for their efforts and successes in kindergarten. Ask him in detail and find out what he was doing this afternoon. Caress and hug your child more often, thus showing your support and participation.

If you do not like something in kindergarten or teachers, do not talk about it in front of your child, this is unethical and can form a negative image of the garden in him. The child will feel, if you are not sure whether to send him to kindergarten, will feel and play on your emotions in order to stay at home. Children of those parents who have no choice but to send their children to kindergarten adapt most quickly.

Accelerates the addiction and the number of acquaintances your child has: both toddlers and adults. Therefore, six months before the start of visiting the kindergarten, try to acquire as many acquaintances as possible, talk about them with your child. It is good if one of the children goes or goes to the same kindergarten as your baby, this will add to his sense of confidence. Be sure to think in advance how the family can help the baby and adapt to his adaptation period in kindergarten. Remember that the earliest possible adaptation of a child in kindergarten requires long-term work on the part of the whole family.

Sooner or later, every family raising babies is faced with the question of how to prepare a child for kindergarten. Many parents are anxiously waiting for this moment and begin to prepare in advance for a difficult period in the life of their child. This is a very good aspiration, but it is not always carried out properly. Often, the family begins to tell the child who goes to kindergarten, "horror stories", urging him to obey: "Here in kindergarten you will be taught how to put away toys correctly (dress, hold a spoon, etc.)." Or they begin to suggest how to build relationships with peers: "If you are offended, immediately complain to the teacher!" It turns out that the baby already initially has a negative attitude towards such an important moment as the transition to new social conditions. Meanwhile, teachers and psychologists recommend that parents thoroughly familiarize themselves with what the child's readiness for kindergarten should be. Many articles have been written on this topic, but each parent needs to approach all recommendations thoughtfully, taking into account the individual characteristics of their child.

Getting ready for kindergarten in advance!

Experts constantly insist on the need to prepare the baby for the garden in advance, but specify that it will be better if the adults begin preliminary preparation with themselves. What does this mean?

Difficulties of the adaptation period

The main thing that parents need to pay attention to is that the adaptation period (that is, the period of getting used to new conditions) is different for all children. It can depend on different conditions:

• family structure in which the child grows up (if the relatives constantly take care of the baby, performing elementary self-care actions for him, the baby in the kindergarten group will wait for help from others, feel uncomfortable among his peers);
• individual psychological characteristics (children have different temperaments, they can express their aspirations in different ways, for example, play with a toy and yield it to another, help a peer to fasten his shoes, invite them into their game; or, conversely, take away a toy, enter into a conflict, not fulfill the requirements of the teacher) ;
• parenting gaps (relatives pamper the baby, indulge all his whims; the baby is not used to refusals, he does not know the word “no.” And in kindergarten you need to fulfill certain requirements related to the daily routine, educational processes, communication with adults and other children).

Such characteristic conditions significantly affect the duration of the adaptation period. According to experts, there are three degrees of addiction to children:

• , which is characterized by a quick and rather painless adaptation of the crumbs to new conditions, as a rule, passes within a week. The kid quickly joins the team of peers, gets used to unfamiliar adults, does not conflict with others, accepts all the established requirements.
• Average adaptation manifests itself most often in a child's environment and is characterized by a longer habituation to new conditions. The child may miss his mother, negatively experience separation from her, poorly navigate the environment. The appearance of frequent colds, exacerbation of chronic ones are possible.
• Severe adaptation observed much less often, manifested by violent emotions, depressed state of the crumb, stress. Experts draw the attention of parents that with prolonged stress, the baby may have sleep disturbances, loss of appetite, psychological deviations in behavior (tearfulness, anxiety, aggressiveness, conflict, disobedience to adults).

How to prepare a child for kindergarten: "lay straws" for our kids!

To make the preschool child as ready as possible for the transition to a new social stage, adults need to help him! To do this, you need to know what a child should be able to do before kindergarten. Educators remind parents that mental and physical fitness is key to preschoolers' readiness for kindergarten.

Psychological readiness of the child

Positive attitude. The positive attitude of the baby to the kindergarten is one of the main aspects of psychological readiness. This attitude must be developed long before the parents decide to send their child to kindergarten. According to experts, preschool children should be sure that visiting kindergarten is not the desire of loved ones to send him into the wrong hands, but the same necessity as for parents who go to work. The main thing is to form in the crumbs the importance of his actions ( family motto: we help each other! ). Realizing that he is helping mom and dad, the baby will be positively disposed towards attending kindergarten, and the adaptation period will be less painful. At the same time, he should know that his parents will definitely take him home at a certain time, and they will all discuss interesting events that happened in kindergarten.

Important: Correctly chosen words and positive actions of loved ones will provide an invaluable service for the kid in preparation for kindergarten. Therefore, we must take very seriously the choice of tools that will tell you how to properly prepare your child for kindergarten! These can be joint story games in kindergarten, reading children's books on relevant topics, stories of older children about funny events in kindergarten, admiration of all those close to the child, how big he has become, constant memories of mom and dad about their childhood.

To help parents observe their child and determine the child's readiness to attend kindergarten, experts offer a simple test in which you need to adequately answer questions to yourself:

1. How often does the child get sick?
2. when was the last time you were ill (a month, two weeks, a week ago)?
3. Do the crumbs have all the vaccinations?
4. dress and undress yourself?
5. can wash their hands and dry them with a towel on their own?
6. how does she use the potty and toilet paper?
7. do you have the skills to play on your own?
8. How often does it require increased attention to itself?
9. can stay for a few hours with other adults?
10. knows how to communicate with other children?

Positive answers to eight out of ten questions can at least partially reassure parents in exciting doubts: is the child ready for kindergarten!

If your child is going to the garden for the first time this year, then it is better to prepare for this in advance. It will be a little easier for those children who have already gone to a nursery and were separated from their parents. And more "domestic" boys and girls experience such changes quite sharply. Therefore, parents can wait for the shout "I will not go there", "I want to see my mother!" and further down the list.

So that the child does not cling to your hand with shouts, blackmail and tantrums, we suggest reading the advice of psychologists and experienced parents who have already passed this stage (and are very happy about it).

Rule 1. Switch to the correct mode in advance.

To prevent your baby from looking like a zombie, you need to teach him in advance that he will need to go to bed and get up earlier. And if in your family there is no daytime sleep, then explain to your child what a "quiet hour" is and why the angry teacher will force him to lie in bed for 60 minutes instead of running and playing.

“We introduced everything gradually. In the summer, in front of the garden (3 years old), they began to go to bed strictly at the same time, but got up at random. In August, they took me to my grandmother in the village, gave the task to wake me up at exactly seven. Well, in the village it's easier with this, there by this moment everyone is already up))) Due to the fact that there was less sleep, daytime sleep came by itself. It remained only to translate the food at the right time, but it only came in the kindergarten. At first all the time she said that she was hungry, I really thought she was not fed there at all))) ”.

“I remember when my son was little, I tried to put him to bed during the day by my own example. He lay down on the sofa, and I next to him. As a result, I fell asleep, and he safely got off the couch and continued to play with his toys, without interfering with my sleep. I didn’t want to sleep during the day. But I must say, this did not affect his well-being in the evening. All children are different. "

Rule 2. Tell us about the pros and cons of the kindergarten.

There is no need to lie that the kindergarten is a paradise with a bunch of toys, delicious food and friendly children. The child will quickly see you through as soon as he is given a casserole or zucchini. Therefore, tell us honestly that yes - there are toys, and there are many children, and that difficulties may arise. And immediately explain how to overcome: what to do if someone offends him, if he wants to go to the toilet at a quiet hour, and so on.

“The problem was the following - I was afraid to take time off to go to the toilet. I didn't go at all, the problems naturally came quickly from this. At first they did not understand at all, then the teacher noticed that he did not walk. They began to talk, but could not influence in any way. We thought about picking it up, but then once - and went, loudly announcing this to everyone. And that's all. Since then, he has not been afraid. "

“My grandmother told us about the kindergarten, he thought the children were forcibly tortured there, toys were taken away, some kind of image of a concentration camp in general ... Shouted, did not want to go, squealed ... They persuaded to go one day. I tried it and said in surprise: “Mom, they even feed there!”. And laughter, and a sin ... Grandmother then knocked on the head. "

Rule 3. Pick up your child on time.

When the child has already gone to the garden, watch yourself and always pick up the child on time. In every kindergarten there is one or two "scarecrows" (sometimes it turns out to be a teacher too!), Who, if you are late, will come up to the child and say something like: "But your mother left you, no one will come for you, you will live here in the closet ! ". And the fear of being abandoned is the main one for kids. Therefore, always warn what time you will come, and even in the event of an earthquake, try to come on time.

“My son (5 years 9 months) is constantly afraid of losing us. On the way to the garden he will ask a hundred times if we’re going to pick him up. During the day, he asks this question to educators. At home, being in his room, he constantly shouts “where are you mother?”. Hearing my voice for about five minutes goes about his business, and then the questions are repeated. "

“My bad upbringing scared me very much. I was 20 minutes late, I was detained for work, and she said to Vare: “My working day is over. I'll leave, and you sit with the cleaner. " She is in tears, but I warned you! After that, mine was terribly afraid to walk, I thought they would leave her there. "

Rule 4. Get to know the teacher.

It will be easier for both you and your baby if you get to know the teacher in advance. Remember that this woman will watch your child, feed him and dress him for a walk. So make sure that this is someone with the experience of finding the right tights and the conviction of the incredible taste of puree.

“For some reason I thought that it would be better to introduce the child to the teacher at home. That is, to get to know her herself, to invite her over (if possible), to introduce her to the child at home, and then tell him that this aunt works in kindergarten and he will go to her. "

“Olezha went to draw in the village school, he didn't want to - we made him. But he knew the guys, he was in the building and saw them. So he was no longer afraid of strangers, he accepted everything normally. Better this way, or in the nursery first, we just didn't have the opportunity to take turns. "

Rule 5. Learn to correctly perceive tears and say goodbye.

Understand that it is okay to break up in tears. And that, in spite of them, the child will still have to be separated until evening. Do not be blackmailed and do not delay goodbye in the morning. Ask the teacher to observe how much more the child will be capricious after you leave and whether this time is shortening. In most cases, the baby calms down as soon as the adults have left, because he understands that crying did not help and why then cry if you can go to play.

“You know, from experience I can say that boys react much more sharply to parting with their mother than girls) And they can cry longer. But in general, they always get used to it. The approach of the mother to the child, as to the infant, adds fuel to the fire. That is, this is when the mother in every possible way, pitying him, wears it on her arms, squeezes, continues to do everything for the child (feeds from a spoon, dresses, puts on shoes, etc.). It is precisely the “kissed” children who adapt very hard, because in the garden everything is no longer as rosy with them as at home. "

“The first week I walked normally, then I realized that the kindergarten was forever and began in the morning, looking at other children, to cry. We agreed, I came to pick it up in the evening with another toy, I gradually got used to it. It took about a month or two to adapt. Then there were periods “I don’t want to go to kindergarten,” but without tears they simply agreed that I would pick them up early. :) ".

Rule 6. Do not scold, but praise.

And finally, do not scold the kids for being too active or irritable in the evening after gardening. They are stressed, it's like you would suddenly change your job as a taxi driver for a position as a philosophy teacher. Praise them for their independence and courage, ask them more often what they had in the garden, and in general - spend more time together!

“We need to interest the child. So that he was waiting for a trip to the kindergarten. Here, everyone is individual. Mine is very fond of sweets, but I do not indulge her with this. Tomorrow I will take figs or kazinaki with me, or even sweets "Korovka" and only in the kindergarten I will surprise her. On the way to the garden, you can collect herbs, leaves and give them to the teacher. Make going to the garden a whole ceremony that your child will be waiting for all weekend. After all, for a child, the most important thing is the attention of the parents. I think it will help. "

SHOULD I GIVE EXPENSIVE GIFTS TO CHILDREN?

“Today I took me to the kindergarten. So guys! Didn't even squeak. Even at home, she began to say that she would not go to the garden. I put on her favorite festive coat, on the way we collected flowers, she smelled them, agreed that we would give it to the teacher. In the courtyard of the kindergarten, I told her that no one has such flowers in her poop and she is the coolest. And she herself didn’t know why she didn’t want to go. Inside we went to look at the fish and entered the group. Undressed without problems. I quickly gave her flowers, dried fruits, kissed her and she herself went to the group "

Good luck to you and your kindergartner!