Depression is a serious mental illness characterized by a decrease in mood and an inability to experience positive emotions. A similar condition often occurs during pregnancy, as well as in the postpartum period. Undetected in time depression can cause serious mental disorders and a significant deterioration in the quality of life.

Causes and Risk Factors

According to statistics, depression is three times more common in women than in representatives of the strong half of humanity. This is partly due to the greater emotionality of women and the tendency of beautiful ladies to deeply experience any events that occur with them. In fact, it is not so much the increased emotionality of women that is to blame for the development of depression, but how the connection of emotions with the functioning of the endocrine system. The frequent occurrence of depression in the fair sex is explained by the peculiarities of hormone production and a change in their concentration at different periods of life.

Pregnancy is a time of significant changes in the endocrine system of women. In the body of a future mother, a real hormonal storm is raging. Not surprisingly, it is in anticipation of the baby that many women experience symptoms of depression. According to statistics, up to 15% of pregnant women and puerperas suffer from depression of varying severity.

Risk factors for developing depression during pregnancy:

• accentuations of character: emotional excitability, a tendency to violent experiences, hysteria;
• personality traits: fatigue, melancholy;
• the presence of depressive disorders before pregnancy;
• depressive disorders in immediate family (high probability of hereditary transmission of the disease);
• unwanted pregnancy;
• pregnancy proceeding with complications;
• unfavorable conditions in the family, at work, in the environment;
• severe psychoemotional upheaval during pregnancy;
• the need to do heavy physical or mental work while waiting for the baby;
• difficult financial situation, housing problems and other similar aspects;
• fear of upcoming birth.

The presence of depression before pregnancy is a serious risk factor for the development of such a condition in anticipation of the baby. The likelihood of a recurrence of depression increases if the woman at one time refused specific therapy or did not complete the course of treatment. All women with depression need to plan a pregnancy only in the period of remission and a stable emotional state. Before conceiving a child, it is necessary to undergo examination by a psychotherapist.

It is far from always possible to find out the exact cause of depression. It is understandable if depressed mood and other symptoms occur against the background of strong feelings (for example, in the case of the death of a relative, illness of one of the family members, serious problems at work and in other areas of life). But what if depression occurs for no apparent reason, against the background of complete external well-being? In this case, the cause should be sought in their own feelings and feelings. Often, depression occurs with high expectations from pregnancy, as well as with a sharp change in lifestyle during this period. An experienced psychotherapist will help to understand the causes of this condition and get out of it with minimal loss.

Symptoms

Recognizing the first signs of depression during pregnancy is quite difficult. A woman who bears a child, and without any pathological disorders, becomes anxious, irritable and excessively emotional. Her mood is constantly changing, she wants to laugh for no reason, then cry. Many expectant mothers in the early stages of pregnancy, as well as before the very birth, have a lower mood, a breakdown, and insomnia develops. This condition is considered completely normal and is explained by the formation of a dominant pregnancy in the central nervous system.

The natural emotionality of a pregnant woman prevents timely detection of the first symptoms of depression. Emerging changes in the psyche are often attributed to the usual fatigue associated with bearing a child. Sneaking up depression for a long time is not given importance, which greatly complicates the diagnosis and prevents the timely provision of qualified care.

Anxiety symptoms indicating the likely development of depression:

• unreasonable feeling of sadness;
• prolonged depressed mood or apathy;
• inability to experience positive emotions;
• pronounced loss of strength, lethargy;
• feeling of helplessness and futility;
• irritability and tearfulness;
• decreased or complete lack of appetite (or, on the contrary, increased appetite as a desire to "seize" a problem);
• decreased libido;
• unwillingness to communicate with spouse, children, close relatives and friends;
• sleep disturbances (insomnia or increased drowsiness, sleep inversion, frequent nightmares);
• ignoring unpleasant sensations in one’s own body, refusal to take care of one’s health;
• the appearance of unclear pain in different parts of the body for no apparent reason;
• thoughts of death, suicidal mood.

Depression should be suspected if a pregnant woman has 5 or more symptoms from this list. If signs of depression persist for two or more weeks, you should definitely consult a doctor.

Depression in Early Pregnancy

In the first trimester, depression occurs mainly with unwanted and sudden pregnancy. In this situation, a woman does not want to accept changes in her life, but for some reason she cannot have an abortion. Such a contradiction does not contribute to a good mood and under certain conditions can cause depression.

Depression also occurs with a desired pregnancy amid serious emotional upheaval. The impetus for the development of the disease may be the illness or death of close relatives, the spouse leaving the family, trouble at work, dismissal or serious financial problems. The joy of expecting a miracle is not able to block the troubles that have arisen, which inevitably affects the psycho-emotional state of the future mother and can also lead to depression.

It is quite difficult to recognize the symptoms of depression in the first trimester of pregnancy. During this period, there is a natural inhibition of nervous activity. There is a weakness, often associated with toxicosis, apathy occurs, a loss of strength is felt. Changes in mood, tearfulness, irritability, drowsiness are also characteristic of many women. To distinguish the natural state of the nervous system in early pregnancy from the first symptoms of depression can only an experienced specialist in a personal consultation.

Depression in late pregnancy

In the second half of pregnancy, depression is most often tied to fear of the upcoming birth. A similar condition occurs mainly in primiparous women. The reason for depression during repeated pregnancy may be a difficult previous birth and a natural fear of the future birth of the baby.

Fear is not the only cause of depression in late pregnancy. The changing body, the awkwardness of movements, the inability to do the usual things - all this leaves its mark on the psyche of the future mother. If pregnancy proceeds with complications, the likelihood of developing depression against the background of strong feelings increases several times.

Late manifestations of depression include insomnia, unmotivated irritability, fatigue and constantly depressed mood. The expectant mother does not want to prepare a dowry for the baby, to restore order in the house and perform the usual actions that are characteristic of most women in position. An alarming bell is thoughts of death, talk that life will end after childbirth. Many women develop apathy, their interest in their own health and the condition of their baby disappears. Attempts to cheer such a woman do not bring success. In many cases, depression that occurs in late pregnancy, smoothly passes into postpartum depression.

Diagnostics

A psychotherapist will be able to diagnose and prescribe treatment based on the gestational age after examining the patient. To identify depression, various tables and tests are used (Beck scale, Hamilton scale, etc.). A pregnant woman can pass some of these tests on her own, while the help of a specialist will be required to interpret others.

Treatment principles

First of all, a pregnant woman needs the support of her spouse, close relatives and friends. Expectant mother should be in a comfortable and calm environment. No need to be afraid to talk about your problems with your husband or other close people. Awareness of the disease is the first step towards recovery and a return to normal life.

Non-drug treatment

Individual or group psychotherapy is the best way to get rid of depression and return to a stable emotional state. Psychotherapy sessions should be conducted by an experienced doctor who has skills in working with pregnant women. The duration of treatment is determined individually and depends on the severity of the condition of the future mother. A large number of various techniques allows the therapist to achieve certain success and rid the pregnant woman of all the unpleasant manifestations of depression.

Drug treatment

Medicines for depression during pregnancy are prescribed only for strict indications. These include:

• thoughts of suicide or attempted suicide;
• complete rejection of food and rapid weight loss;
• the development of pregnancy complications amid depressive behavior;
• prolonged insomnia and other sleep disorders;
• the appearance of chronic pain of various localization associated with depression.

Tricyclic antidepressants are used to treat depression during pregnancy. These drugs are recognized as relatively safe, not affecting the course of gestation and development of the child. In rare cases, while taking antidepressants, a slow weight gain is observed in the fetus. In newborns, the development of transient tachycardia, respiratory failure and a decrease in the activity of the digestive tract are possible. In this regard, antidepressants during pregnancy are prescribed only according to strict indications in the case when it is impossible to do without their use.

Self-help Measures for Depression

What can a pregnant woman do to ease her condition?

1. Avoid stress. Any strong experiences during this period will lead to the progression of the disease.
2. Limit yourself from negative information. Do not watch news, do not read newspapers. Avoid talking to people you dislike.
3. Do not make important decisions. Set aside all serious matters until recovery.
4. Take care of yourself. Pamper yourself with gifts, create a good mood by any means available to you.
5. Eat delicious and healthy foods. Do not forget that inside you lives a small creature that needs nutrients for normal development and growth.
6. Move more. Gymnastics or yoga, swimming, walks in the fresh air - what you need in this difficult period.
7. Chat with relatives and friends. Invite guests to yourself or visit relatives. Do not hide from the world in your depression.
8. Do not take alcohol - alcohol will aggravate your condition, as well as harm the growing baby.
9. Find something to your liking. Knit, sew a dowry for a child, draw with paints, write letters - anything to entertain yourself and enjoy life.
10. Do not be afraid to talk about your problems and worries. Share everything in your heart with your husband, family, or your psychotherapist.

A desired pregnancy is one of the happiest periods in the life of any woman, but sometimes this time is overshadowed by a state of depression. How to distinguish real depression from the vagaries and mood swings inherent in all pregnant women, and how to treat it?

What is Prenatal Depression

Pregnancy is a natural physiological process, and if it proceeds without complications, then the hormonal changes that occur in the body protect the expectant mother from various stressful conditions. However, if a woman is prone to a changeable mood, gloomy thoughts, suspiciousness due to the characteristics of her nervous system, then depression can develop during pregnancy.

Nevertheless, a bad mood in itself, even if it happens often enough, is not yet depression. Depressive disorder, in addition to low mood, is characterized by a negative perception of oneself, one’s personality and the situation as a whole, self-denial, lack of faith in the future and persistent inexplicable pessimism. Outwardly, this manifests itself in the form of lethargy, indifference and inhibition of reactions.

According to statistics, women are 2-3 times more susceptible to depression than men. This is due to the closer connection of their neuroendocrine system with the emotional state, which is most pronounced during hormonal changes.

According to general data, pregnant women are much less likely to experience depression than women of childbearing age. Prenatal depression occurs in 10–20% of cases, while among women in general, this figure reaches 25%.

In most cases, the symptoms of prenatal depression are much milder than postpartum depression, but they also need to be taken seriously, since the depressed state of a pregnant woman can adversely affect the health of the unborn baby and cause complications.

Causes of Depression During Pregnancy

During pregnancy, a woman’s body undergoes global hormonal changes, which can cause a violation of neuroendocrine regulation. Factors leading to the onset and development of prenatal depression can be divided into psychophysiological and socio-psychological. Psychophysiological factors include:

• the presence of depression before pregnancy, the conception of a child on the background of depression;
• interruption due to pregnancy of antidepressant treatment, which dramatically increases the risk of an exacerbation of a depressive state;
• severe toxicosis;
• prolonged use of sedative (sedative and hypnotic) drugs;
• a severe course of a real pregnancy or a severe past pregnancy with serious complications;
• history of unsuccessful pregnancies (miscarriages, missed pregnancies, etc.);
• fear of upcoming birth;
• depressive disorders and mental illness in close relatives: parents, grandparents, siblings;
• character traits, emotional imbalance;
• negative changes associated with appearance (large weight gain, poor skin, etc.);
• general weakness, tendency to rapid fatigue.

Among the socio-psychological factors, the following can be distinguished:

• lack of understanding and support in the family;
• difficult relationships or breakup with the father of the child;
• stressful situations that remain unresolved;
• financial difficulties, housing and domestic problems;
• fear of changes in the usual way of life: leaving work, professional unfulfillment, etc.
• unplanned and unwanted pregnancy.

Any depressive state is caused by a combination of factors and therefore is always individual. It is clear that depression is the result of some really sad events: the death of a loved one, a break with the father of the unborn child. The situation is much more complicated when everything seems to be in order: the woman is healthy, the pregnancy is proceeding normally, the husband is attentive. In this case, it is more difficult to identify hidden factors and prerequisites for depression.

The likelihood of developing depression increases if a woman has increased demands on others and perfectionism in relation to herself, expressed in statements like the following:

• “Everyone is obliged to protect and respect me”;
• “Everything should be the way I want”;
• “My child should have all the best”;
• “I have to do everything and do everything perfectly.”

Such thoughts keep the pregnant woman in constant mental stress, killing her self-confidence.

Symptoms

Depression should be suspected in a pregnant woman if she has five or more of the following symptoms:

• bad mood;
• a feeling of inner emptiness;
• discouragement
• apathy;
• lack of interest in life;
• high fatigue, constant fatigue and breakdown;
• slowness and lethargy;
• loss of interest in activities that used to be fun;
• distraction;
• memory impairment;
• inability to make decisions;
• lack of appetite;
• sleep disturbances (insomnia or persistent drowsiness, too restless or prolonged sleep);
• decreased sex drive;
• increased irritability;
• anxiety;
• tearfulness;
• suspiciousness;
• guilt;
• low self-esteem;
• feeling of own uselessness;
• unwillingness to communicate with someone, the desire to isolate themselves from society;
• fear of open space and going outside (agoraphobia);
• feeling of hopelessness and hopelessness;
• thoughts of death and suicide.

If these symptoms are observed for more than two weeks, then we can talk about depressive disorder. This helps to distinguish it from a temporarily lowered mood and decreased vitality.

In case of de-depression, the lack of the ability to rejoice, to experience positive emotions, to enjoy life varies in a wide range: from excessive tearfulness and resentment to aggression towards loved ones and unwillingness to live. In severe depression, accompanied by thoughts of suicide, you should immediately consult a psychotherapist.

Depression usually begins with alarming concerns about the course and outcome of pregnancy, the health of the unborn baby. Gradually increasing melancholy and apathy lead to a breakdown, when it becomes difficult to perform even simple household chores. As a result of this, sleep and appetite disorders occur, guilt and a serious deterioration in well-being appear.

Features of manifestation at different times

First trimester

In psychology, the first trimester is called the "period of denial." If pregnancy proceeds normally, without complications, there is no toxicosis, then a woman often forgets that she is pregnant. She can plan a business trip or an active vacation for the coming months, but she immediately regrets that these plans are not destined to come true. In addition, she has to abandon bad habits, for example, smoking, or sports activities (if there are medical contraindications for this), since this is a very important time for the development of the baby: all the systems of the fetal organs are laid in the first trimester.

An interesting fact is that even joyful events and the positive emotions associated with them can provoke the development of depression in a person, as they often entail serious changes in life.

A woman does not immediately get used to her new condition and accepts it. However, at this time, a serious restructuring was taking place in the female body, affecting all its systems. This is accompanied by emotional instability, increased sensitivity, mood swings, drowsiness, and faster fatigue than before. And all these signs are a variant of the physiological norm. Depression is indicated by a lingering pessimistic mood, constant anxiety and expectation of the worst, which do not disappear in two weeks, but rather only intensify.

Second trimester

During this period, a woman gets used to her special situation, and after this comes the thought that in a past life you can put an end to: you have to abandon your favorite work, familiar rhythm and lifestyle, friends, entertainment. At the same time, according to psychologists, at this time many women open themselves from a new perspective: they begin to engage in creativity (singing, drawing), and learn foreign languages. But pregnant women with a pronounced tendency to depression have to endure strong emotional storms.

In the second trimester, body weight increases, the mammary glands are rude, periodically there is pain in the lumbar region, frequent urge to the toilet is disturbing. And the more inconvenience these physiological features bring, the more this affects the psychological state of a woman.

In order not to provoke the development of depressive disorder, it is recommended to isolate yourself as much as possible from negative information coming from the outside: carefully filter films and TV shows to watch, read pleasant literature. We must try to create a cozy, calm and cheerful atmosphere around us.

Third trimester

In the late stages, panic can occur even among the most balanced women, and you can allow yourself to be in a bad mood from time to time. The last weeks of pregnancy are a big belly and difficulty in moving, a huge load on the spine, lower back and ligamentous apparatus, a feeling of self-helplessness, clumsiness and dependence on others. The depressive state at the end of pregnancy is caused by fear of the upcoming birth, physical and mental fatigue, loss of attractiveness in the eyes of the husband.

According to experts, prenatal depression in the last weeks of pregnancy does not cause significant harm to the expectant mother, but can negatively affect the psyche of the baby and its postnatal development (after birth). Although a little excitement that does not turn into hysteria or neurosis is completely natural and normal.

It must be remembered that childbirth and subsequent adaptation proceeds faster and easier, the more calm, balanced and mentally prepared a woman for them. Psychologists advise to go on maternity leave in a timely manner, and not work until the very fights. It is best to devote this time to yourself: to walk a lot, to prepare a dowry for a child, to arrange a photo shoot, to do what is pleasing, while sensitively listening to yourself, your body and inner state.

How to handle

Often the people around, even the closest, underestimate the seriousness of the situation, advise the pregnant woman to "pull herself together." However, with real depression, such advice is pointless.

Depression in pregnant women is diagnosed by conducting various tests using rating scales. A blood test can be done to identify markers of a genetic predisposition to depressive conditions. It is best to solve your psychological problems before pregnancy. But if depression appeared during pregnancy, it is recommended to consult a specialist as early as possible and not wait for everything to go away by itself. Mild or moderate forms of depression can be eliminated with the help of hypnosis, as well as individual or group psychotherapy.

Drug treatment

Depressive disorders are treated with antidepressant drugs. The effect of non-drug treatment (physiotherapy, aromatherapy, acupuncture, etc.) is usually small.

Of course, during pregnancy, you should try to do everything possible to do without taking medications, because there are no absolutely safe antidepressants for the child. All modern psychotropic drugs have the ability to penetrate the placenta into the amniotic fluid. The first trimester is especially dangerous in this regard, when the risk of teratogenic effect (the occurrence of fetal malformations) is highest.

Medications are prescribed in the following cases:

• a woman suffered from a severe form of depression before conception, and after the onset of pregnancy, her mental state worsened;
• depression occurs with frequent relapses without persistent remissions.

Today, the leading drugs for treating depression are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs): Fluoxetine, Zoloft (sertraline), Paxil (paroxetine), Cipramil (citalopram). Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are also used: Amitriptyline, Melipramine, Anafranil, etc. Almost all of these drugs have a category C effect on the fetus, which means that animal studies have revealed in some cases a negative effect of the drug on the fetus, and similar studies pregnant women did not have. At the same time, the potential benefits of using the drug may justify the risk associated with its use.

Possible consequences for the baby from taking antidepressants during pregnancy

In newborn children, whose mothers took antidepressants during pregnancy, the following can be observed:

• tachycardia (heart palpitations);
• tremor;
• decreased contractile activity of the gastrointestinal tract;
• impaired adaptation (difficulty breathing, irritability);
• urinary retention, loose stools.

When taking drugs in the first trimester, it is possible to develop heart disease, umbilical hernia, craniosynostosis (premature overgrowth of the fontanel).

With the use of fluoxetine and paroxetine, there is an increased risk of premature birth.

When using SSRIs in the third trimester of pregnancy, newborns have negative consequences such as

• unstable body temperature;
• convulsive seizures;
• cyanosis (cyanosis of the skin);
• high or low blood pressure;
• difficulty feeding (vomiting);
• drowsiness;
• constant crying.

Also, one should not forget that antidepressants have an extensive list of contraindications (in addition to pregnancy) and side effects, including disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and heart function, central nervous system dysfunction, allergic reactions, respiratory problems (runny nose, cough, shortness of breath), frequent urination.

In each specific case, the doctor decides on the appointment of medications to treat a depression for a pregnant woman individually, carefully weighing and comparing the risk of potential harm from taking medication and the risk of the negative impact of depression on both the child and his mother.

What else can help

An alternative treatment option for severe depression is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), the principle of which is based on the induction of seizures using electric discharges. Under the influence of electric shock, the production of stress hormones is suppressed, the growth of nerve cells is stimulated, and intercellular connections are restored. ECT is considered a safe technique that can be used at any time during pregnancy. The treatment regimen is selected individually.

With mild depressive symptoms, cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy, which can be individual or group, gives a good effect. During treatment, the specialist explains the influence of thoughts on the emotional state, and the woman learns to displace negative thoughts, replacing them with positive and rational ones. This contributes to a more adequate perception of the surrounding reality and your personal situation, helps to develop and strengthen a positive attitude. Participating in group classes, a pregnant woman understands that she is not alone in her depression, there are women with similar problems, and this also stimulates the process of her recovery.

Exercise is very useful in the treatment of depression. Pregnant women are shown yoga, swimming, Pilates - these areas strengthen the muscles of the back and tone the whole body. As for the permissible intensity of training, you need to consult a gynecologist.

Among plant antidepressants, St. John's wort is in the lead, but taking it during pregnancy is not recommended, since it has a proven abortive effect. Therefore, the intake of St. John's wort inside the first trimester of pregnancy is strictly prohibited. In the second and third trimester, St. John's wort decoction can be taken only in extreme cases and must be agreed with the doctor. It is important to remember that St. John's wort is incompatible with medication antidepressants.

Cocoa, bananas, rosehip broth and oily fish are also natural helpers for depression, as they are rich in omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids.

A modern alternative method of treating depression with light therapy with the parallel intake of omega-3 fatty acids is also gaining popularity.

Prevention

During pregnancy, the support and attention of loved ones, a calm atmosphere in the family is very important. Depression often develops in pregnant women who are constantly criticized.A woman, of course, needs others to understand her experiences, but at the same time, they should in no case share her anxiety and pessimism.

Photo gallery: ways to maintain a good emotional state for a pregnant woman

Feasible exercise during pregnancy helps maintain vitality Walking in the fresh air is necessary not only for the physical, but also for the mental health of the pregnant Hobbies bring pleasure and moral satisfaction. Try to go to bed and get up at the same time Courses for pregnant women will provide the necessary information and prepare for childbirth Do not delay with maternity leave The health of the unborn child directly depends on the proper nutrition of a woman

Prevention of antenatal depression includes:

1. A full-fledged rest: you should not exhaust yourself with household chores, it is better to shift part of the worries onto the shoulders of others, otherwise the accumulating fatigue will eventually grow into depression and the first symptoms of depression.
2. Healthy sleep: you need to go to bed and get up at the same time, be sure to get enough sleep, remove the TV and computer from the bedroom.
3. Proper, rational, balanced nutrition: this is a very important point, because the health of the unborn child directly depends on this; however, you do not need to overeat, as the excess weight gained will affect the appearance and also remain after childbirth, which can also become a reason for depression.
4. Physical activity, from daily walks to sports, depending on your preferences and medical recommendations.
5. Obligatory care for appearance: sloppiness provokes the development of a depressive state, and a well-groomed appearance always cheers up.
6. Goals and plans: It is recommended to plan your time and make a to-do list the next day. Yes, you should not overwork yourself, but the fulfillment of daily duties provides the ground under your feet and a sense of accomplishment. The desire to escape from oneself, duties and responsibilities is the first sign of impending depression.
7. A fascinating activity that brings pleasure and moral satisfaction: various creative activities, both those that were before pregnancy, and new ones (drawing, embroidery, knitting, and others).
8. Formation of positive thinking: you should monitor your thoughts and say “stop” to yourself in time, when negative thoughts begin to flow into negative emotions.
9. Timely departure on maternity leave.
10. Communication with like-minded people, attending courses for pregnant women.

Video: depressive conditions during pregnancy

It is important for a pregnant woman to remember that prenatal depression is a temporary phenomenon. No need to fear the future and the unrest associated with it. All problems are solvable. During pregnancy, it is best to listen carefully to yourself and enjoy the expectation of the baby. With a prolonged depressed state, do not hesitate to contact a specialist, he will prescribe a safe and effective treatment.

When a woman first realizes that she will soon become a mother, in most cases she feels incredible joy and a surge of vitality. In isolated cases, pregnancy becomes an extreme test for a weak female psyche, which is typical for women with an unstable emotional background and an increased tendency to a sad state. This condition is very dangerous, therefore, at the first appearance of pathology, a woman needs adequate treatment. How to suspect this disease and how to deal with depression during pregnancy?

The concept of "depression" means a whole range of psychological disorders that are accompanied by unreasonable depression, an oppressed and melancholic worldview, a complete loss of joy and any aspirations in life.

In addition, with the development of depression, often lowered self-esteem, a sharp reaction to external stimuli, unjustified irritability or complete apathy to the outside world are often observed. Often, an undiagnosed pathology often leads to the development of alcohol dependence and the appearance of suicidal thoughts. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of depression in the expectant mother plays a very significant role in the future of women and babies.

Nature made sure that all pregnancy took place in conditions of harmony and tranquility. But the frenzied rhythm of modern life, strict social standards and the many fears that they give rise to, led to a more frequent appearance of depression in expectant mothers.

An important factor in the development of the disease is the internal state of the woman. A lot of feelings about the ongoing pregnancy, a moral perception of her role in the life of the future baby and many other aspects make a woman a hostage to her thoughts. And if at this moment stress resistance is losing ground, the risk of succumbing to despondency instantly increases. And if a woman does not receive full moral support, then depression is provided to her.

The main causes of depression during gestation are:

• Severe stress on the background of an unplanned pregnancy.
• Critical social conditions (for example, lack of housing, difficult moral situation at home, lack of support for her husband, etc.).
• Material insecurity (job loss, large credit available).
• Disinterest of the husband or other relatives in the birth of the baby.
• Pregnancy complication (terrible toxicosis, the risk of fetal pathology).
• A tendency to depression at the genetic level (if someone in the family has such a disease, then a pregnant woman has a very high risk of experiencing depression).
• Exhausting treatment of infertility or frequent cases of miscarriage (if the first pregnancy ended in the loss of the baby, then in the second pregnancy depression will become a natural phenomenon amid fear of losing the baby again).
• Hormonal dysfunction, especially on the part of the thyroid gland (decreased thyroid function is often accompanied by panic attacks, spleen, and detachment).
• The strong psychological shock suffered (loss of a loved one, cardinal change of residence not at will, etc.).
• Long-term treatment with psychotropic or sedative drugs.

Depression during gestation can occur due to poor heredity, psychological or physical abuse, or a wide variety of emotional factors. In each case, the pathogenesis of the disease is individual and, fortunately, can be easily corrected.

Depression during pregnancy: symptoms of pathology

The first signs of illness during pregnancy are unexplained mood swings, tearfulness, sleep disturbance and “brokenness” in the morning, panic fears of childbirth. Against the background of such signs, the pregnant woman’s condition worsens, and soon other symptoms of depression join in:

• Pathological appetite (constant hunger or complete refusal of food).
• Chronic fatigue and irritability.
• Loss of interest in the world, a complete lack of joy.
• Detachment from people, unwillingness to communicate even with loved ones.
• Agoraphobia (fear of leaving the apartment).
• Loss of self-confidence, a sense of guilt in everything that happens.
• Constant drowsiness and a desire to shut oneself (apathy).
• Suspicion and lack of self-esteem.
• The feeling of helplessness and uselessness, less often - the desire to end life.

Of course, individual symptoms of this disease during pregnancy can occur in any woman, which is caused by the special relationship of the psychoemotional background and the neuroendocrine system. But such phenomena are temporary. If such a picture is repeated day after day, a woman is shown an examination by a psychologist.

A fairly common occurrence is depression during a second pregnancy. A woman, having learned that she is pregnant, especially if conception has not been planned, succumbs to panic attacks. This happens if at the moment there is no way to have another baby or the first pregnancy was extremely difficult. As a rule, in a couple of days, adaptation to a new situation occurs, and the symptoms of depression disappear on their own.

Features of the course of depression during pregnancy in different trimesters

During pregnancy, the female consciousness goes through several stages that help her to accept her new position, prepare for childbirth and plan a new alignment of life with the baby. Throughout this period, uncertainty and various external factors can contribute to the development of mild gloom or panic, and sometimes result in real depression. Consider how depression can manifest itself at different times, and how to understand when this can be taken as the norm, and when the help of a doctor is required.

Depression During Pregnancy - First Trimester

From the point of view of psychologists, the first three months - this is the stage of "complete denial" by a woman of her current situation. While the embryo is growing rapidly, the woman continues to make her plans, not taking into account her pregnancy. For example, she is planning a world tour that coincides with the last week of pregnancy or is planning to jump with a parachute at the weekend. This is a completely normal phenomenon that occurs unconsciously, however, if the pregnancy proceeds without toxicosis or any complications. And only with the beginning of the second trimester does a woman begin to perceive the world in a completely different way.

In the first weeks, the psycho-emotional background is strongly modified under the influence of hormones. It takes a woman time to curb her fears and worries. In addition, a woman has to give up many things familiar to her, for example, riding horses or visiting the sauna. And if, in addition to all this, her house has not very warm relations with her husband and relatives, then absolutely any woman can fall into a deep depression.

However, it is necessary to clearly distinguish between mood swings and depression against a background of hormonal changes and a serious psychological problem. After all, often a woman after conception becomes unrecognizable - she is hysterical, crying, suffers from insomnia, closes herself. But after accepting her position, she again returns to her usual state.

But when this behavior is delayed (more than a month), the mood becomes more dejected and pessimistic, and in the conversation you can hear talk about a terrible future and an unwillingness to change something, then this is a clear signal of growing depression. This is a rather alarming condition, so a woman should be delicately referred to a specialist who will tell you in detail how to get rid of depression during pregnancy.

Important! Severe forms of depression can be corrected only with the help of antidepressants, which is very undesirable with gestation in the early stages. But when contacting the doctor with the appearance of the first disturbing calls, it is quite possible to do with physiotherapy.

Pregnancy and depression - second trimester

Starting from the second trimester, a woman enters a new period called "search for a lost object." By “lost object” you can understand promising work, study, favorite entertainment and even friends. With the first movements of the baby, the expectant mother begins to worry about his future, and for the first time realizes that her entire measured life will radically change after childbirth.

On a note! If a woman has a tendency to apathy and suspiciousness, then depression during pregnancy in the later stages will greatly worsen with the appearance of increasing back pain, physical limitation due to the growth of the uterus with the baby, gestosis and other complications that reduce the comfort of life.

At this stage, a woman can go two ways: self-actualize in new areas, for example, enroll in a foreign language course or a culinary master class. Or undergo a tremendous emotional storm and become depressed. How exactly a woman will behave will largely depend on her environment.

Depression during pregnancy in the third trimester

Psychologists often call the last weeks of gestation a period of "prenatal depression." Panic attacks that cannot be curbed can occur even in the most balanced ladies. This happens for many reasons. Firstly, all women are afraid of the birth process itself, especially if there were cases in the family with a not very favorable outcome. And secondly, a large tummy, weakness and back pain make a woman helpless. This causes tearfulness, bad mood and a sense of uselessness.

In the third trimester of pregnancy, depression before childbirth refers to a safe disease with which a woman is able to cope on her own as soon as her hormonal background stabilizes the birth field. But doctors do not stop saying that stress, anxiety, tantrums before childbirth greatly affect the baby’s condition. And if you do not control yourself, there is a high probability that the child will sleep poorly, cry a lot and develop more slowly.

Diagnosis and treatment of depression in early pregnancy

The reason for contacting a psychologist is two main symptoms:

• A gloomy mood that does not change during the day, and lasts for more than 14 days.
• Indifference to everything around for the same time.

Of course, other symptoms of depression should also be in doubt, but they will always be accompanied by the two mentioned symptoms.

Once in a psychologist's office, a woman will be examined in terms of emotional stability, and genetic tests will also be conducted to establish a predisposition to depression. For this, doctors use various tests, and the results obtained are checked against the Hamilton scale and the Hospital anxiety scale.

After establishing the degree of the disease, the woman is prescribed adequate therapy, taking into account her gestational age. Mild forms of depression are successfully overcome with the help of a hypnotic session or by the method of individual psychological study of the problem that contributed to this condition of a woman. Recognition and acceptance of one’s fears often leads to a rationally positive perception, and a woman begins to notice the world around her.

More severe forms of depression are corrected with antidepressant drugs. This is shown only if a woman cannot achieve a stable remission, a woman does not want to recognize the problem, or suicidal thoughts prevail in her mood.

The choice of drugs, the calculation of the dose and the duration of treatment is determined only by the doctor. Self-administration is absolutely unacceptable, since improper use of antidepressants can cause heart defects in crumbs, hernias, and severe complications in the postpartum period.

Depression during pregnancy: what to do?

When a woman realizes that her mood is not quite normal, she often has dangerous thoughts or just doesn't want anything, she can take measures and prevent her condition from worsening. Of course, the right decision will be to talk with an obstetrician-gynecologist, and if necessary, with a psychotherapist. Then she will receive clearer recommendations relevant in her case.

But if the situation is not difficult, and a woman simply can’t overcome the long drawn-out spleen, experts advise the following ways to deal with depression during pregnancy:

• Stabilize your daily routine: go to bed and wake up at the same time, this will reduce mood swings.
• Actively spend time outdoors with loved ones: the flow of air and positive emotions will drive away depression.
• Review food: give up tonic drinks and ensure regular intake of vitamins and carbohydrates, fatty acids.
• Do some easy sports - yoga or swimming. Such activities will contribute to the synthesis of the hormone of happiness.
• Switch from a dull rush to an exciting experience: choose any hobby you like.
• Get a pet if you are not allergic. Caring for your pet will prepare you for future care for the baby.
• Start thinking positively. At first you will have to control every thought, constantly pulling your mind, but very soon you will turn from a terrible pessimist into a joyful optimist.
• Do not hide your emotions in yourself: cry boldly, express your fears or grievances. If there is no one to support you at home, consult a psychologist.

Often changing mood during pregnancy is the normal state of the wife. Therefore, with minor symptoms, you should not look out for depression. But if you understand that life has lost its meaning and you are increasingly moving away from loved ones, seek help from a doctor as soon as possible.

Video "Why does depression occur in a pregnant woman?"

Pregnancy is the most wonderful time, but sometimes it is overshadowed by mental problems. The most common of these is depressive disorder. It affects about 10% of pregnant women.

Turning to this topic, we consider it necessary to pay attention to the fact that depression during pregnancy is not just mood swings caused by hormonal changes, it is a serious disease. Despondency literally absorbs the whole personality of the future mother. Nothing pleases her, even the imminent appearance of a child causes only fears and anxiety. A pregnant woman becomes a hostage of her inner experiences.

The most unpleasant thing in this situation is that pregnant depression can subsequently affect the mental well-being of the unborn baby. That is why it is impossible to ignore this problem.

Depression in pregnant women can lead to irreparable health problems. Do not forget that the birth is ahead. An exhausted nervous system may not withstand such stress. To avoid undesirable consequences and enjoy the joy of motherhood, it is necessary at the first sign of depression to turn to either a gynecologist or a psychotherapist.

Depression of pregnant women can manifest itself in different ways. Some women cry constantly, some cannot fall asleep, some fear the future, driving their fears to suicide. However, there are a number of signs by the presence of which one can judge the presence of depression. Among them:

• Increased irritability
• Anxiety
• Inability to focus
• Feeling of hunger or lack of appetite
• Constant feeling of tiredness
• Gloom
• Fear of going out
• Suspiciousness
• Persistent drowsiness
• Low self-esteem
• Feeling of hopelessness and joylessness
• Guilt
• Lack of desire to communicate with anyone
• Diffidence
• Tearfulness
• Sleep disturbances (inability to sleep, nightmares).

What are the causes of depressive disorder in pregnant women?

For quite a long time it was believed that during pregnancy hormones are produced that prevent the development of depression. This conclusion was made by doctors as a result of observations of expectant mothers. Most of them experienced an emotional upsurge. At the same time, over time, many experts began to note that the stresses and physical stress that accompany pregnancy make women more susceptible to depression.

Additional everyday difficulties complicate the situation. So, one of the most common causes of depression is a problematic relationship with the future father of the child. Single women and women living in conflict with their partner are more likely to develop depression. They do not know what to do in the current, very difficult, situation.

In addition, depression during pregnancy can be triggered by a number of the following factors:

• Daily accompanying stresses (trouble at work, moving, quarrel, divorce) can cause a nervous breakdown and, as a result, depression.
• Low salary. In the period of expectation of the baby, this factor becomes more significant. What if the money was barely enough? If earlier low income did not please much, now it is very worrying, because now you have to take care of the child.
• Psychophysical problems. These include toxicosis. Morning sickness and poor physical well-being do not add optimism. And if the pregnancy is also unexpected, then these problems do not bring much joy, becoming the causes of the development of depression.
• Negative experience of a previous pregnancy. According to the results of research by medical psychologists, the previous pregnancy and depression accompanying the following “interesting position” have a close relationship.

Depression in pregnant women can be triggered by unsuccessful gestation in the past or infertility. In the event that the birth of the child was preceded by tests (it was not possible to get pregnant for a long time, I had to go through a lot of painful medical procedures, listen to a huge number of sympathetic comments, miscarriages, etc.), then the expectation of the baby will be accompanied by disturbing thoughts.

In some families, pregnancy provokes disrespect for the expectant mother from the side of so-called close people. Taunts, aggression, rudeness on the part of the husband, mother-in-law, or other relatives who see a pregnancy as a threat to their personal status or well-being, cause emotional distress. Such situations are rare enough, however, they cause the most serious damage to the psyche of the future mother and baby.

In addition, depression during pregnancy can be caused by unpleasant memories in women who have experienced emotional, sexual, or physical abuse in the past. Changes in the body of the future mother, can recall a long-forgotten misfortune. That is why, if a woman has been or is being subjected to any kind of violence in the past, she should report this to her doctor.

• Personal experience of depression in the past and the presence of relatives suffering from depression are a reason for being at risk. Such an anamnesis can provoke not only prenatal depression, but also postpartum depression.
• An unplanned conception can become a powerful stressor that can cause depression.
• The development of the disease can be affected by a lack of serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine and prolonged use of sedative medications.

This list can be continued almost indefinitely. Any stressor that unbalances the expectant mother can cause a mental disorder.

First trimester

In psychology, the first trimester is known as the "period of denial." A new life already exists, but the expectant mother does not think about her position and does not take it into account when planning activities. This, of course, is possible only in the absence of toxicosis. A striking example of such a situation can be the planning of a business trip in the rather distant future, at 36 weeks of gestation. This is a fairly common and normal situation, the mother still does not feel the baby, he does not push, there is no stomach.

However, it is this time that is the most difficult. The woman’s body begins to rebuild and become accustomed to “work in a new way”. Changes undergo all body systems, including the nervous one. All sorts of fears and stresses (material well-being, childbirth, social status, child health, possible loss of work) surround the expectant mother. She still does not know what she will do in the near future, what awaits her.

Depression in pregnant women at this time can be caused by the loss of the ability to do what you love (parachute jumping) or giving up habits that have become part of life (smoking).

In the first trimester, mood swings and irritability can be quite normal. So with the first changes in the emotional background, you should not label yourself as a patient with depression. In addition, such manifestations, oddly enough, in medicine act as the first indirect signs of pregnancy. It is worthwhile to pay attention to changes in the emotional background when they take on the role of a protracted nature, talk about death appears, and statements about the meaninglessness of existence often sound.

Depression in pregnant women at this time can have various consequences for the health of the mother and for the health of the baby. Scientists from Canada have found that children of women who have had depression in the first trimester can experience sleep disturbances, are underweight, and lag behind in intellectual development.

Second trimester

At this stage of gestation, a woman begins to realize her position. She thinks about what she will do with the advent of the child, as her personal life will definitely fly somersault. For this reason, psychologists have called this stage "the search for the lost object." This object is understood as the usual way of life, your favorite job, entertainment, friends, etc. Oddly enough, just at that time, women discover their new opportunities and interests that were not previously noticed. Someone begins to draw, someone goes to learn the languages \u200b\u200bof other nations. According to all the same psychologists, this is the most fertile time in the life of a pregnant woman.

At the same time, especially sensitive natures of a melancholic type, with a history of a tendency to depression, during this period are experiencing real emotional storms.

A combination of several factors contributes to the development of depression in the second trimester: hormonal changes, insomnia, misunderstanding of loved ones, financial problems.

At this time, depression and pregnancy are most associated. Weight gain, lower back pain, frequent urination, engorgement of the mammary glands become the causes of negative thoughts. There is a clear connection between the physical and her psycho-emotional state of the future mother.

Third trimester

The third trimester in psychology is called depression. During this period, even the most balanced natures begin to lose control of themselves. In the thoughts of pregnant women, in addition to their will, “rainbow” pictures arise with pots, pots and diapers. From time to time, notes of despondency, loneliness, and hopelessness sound in their soul. Increasingly, dissatisfaction with her husband appears, who are not forced to change their lifestyle, in-law, who constantly climbs with her teachings.

Depression and late pregnancy are a common occurrence. Enhances the feeling of self-helplessness changes that have occurred with the body: the stomach is unimaginable in size, which prevents normal movement. Many ladies think that they have lost their former sexual attractiveness and are uninteresting to their husband, which causes increased sensitivity and tearfulness. Physical and psychological fatigue exacerbate a negative emotional state.

Pregnant behavior before childbirth sometimes seems strange. Women seek solitude, walk alone for a long time in the fresh air, plunge into the preparation of a dowry for the baby, etc. However, these behavioral features have nothing to do with depression.

How to cope with an illness on your own

1. Do not try to redo all matters before the baby appears: equip the nursery, make repairs in the apartment, prepare reports on work for six months in advance, etc. The first item on the list of the most important cases should be personal well-being and well-being. Pregnancy is a great time to pamper yourself, later you don’t have to (diapers, vests, teeth and other joys of infancy).
2. Every day you need to do exercises. Moderate physical activity will allow you to feel "muscle joy" and emotional satisfaction.
3. Learn to deal with your bad mood, find yourself something to do. Do your favorite thing, which previously did not have enough time: embroider, draw, read. Try to do something new, for example, enroll in the pool.
4. Communicate with loved ones and relatives more often. If you do not know what to do with your bad mood and anxious thoughts, openly talk with them about your problems.
5. If fatigue overcomes and you literally fall off your feet, try to relax more, do not take all the work on yourself. Ask your husband to give you a light massage of your lower back and feet.
6. Pay attention to your nutrition. It should not be too high in calories. Try to eat right, including dairy products, fresh fruits and vegetables in your diet. Avoid flour and sweet foods.
7. In order not to "seize" yourself and your husband with far-fetched problems, try to look at the situation from the side and do not rush to draw hasty conclusions.
8. More time walk in the fresh air.
9. Do not try to fight depression yourself with medication. Never take antidepressants. This also applies to the funds that you drank before pregnancy.
10. Protect yourself from unwanted information. Refuse to watch programs with a negative character, films with scenes of cruelty.
11. Create at home a cozy corner in which there is no place for emotions and despondency.
12. Learn to respect yourself "like that." Try to realize the beauty of your situation.

There is nothing new in the above tips, but we all tend to forget about common truths. If the state of anxiety does not release, there is only one negative in your thoughts, and you do not know what to do with it, then you need to seek help from a doctor who is observing the course of pregnancy. It’s not worth delaying the appeal, because the health of the mother directly affects the health of the child.

Usually, news of an interesting situation causes a storm of emotions in mothers, often associated with joy and happiness. But sometimes an interesting situation becomes for a weak psyche of a girl turns into a real psycho-emotional test. Depression during pregnancy in the second trimester is a residually common phenomenon, especially in patients who are characterized by an unstable psycho-emotional state and an excessive predisposition to despondency. Such depression in pregnant women can be an extremely dangerous condition, therefore, it needs immediate treatment immediately after detection.

Positive emotions normalize various mental states

For a depressive state, it is typical to have a whole complex of various disorders of a psychological nature, which is accompanied by unreasonable depression and a state of despondency, a melancholic and depressed worldview, a loss of the ability to rejoice, and a lack of life goals and plans.

During periods of depressive disorder, patients' self-esteem is extremely low, and an extremely sharp reaction to external stimuli occurs, often there is complete apathy to what is happening around. Sometimes untimely identified pathology results in the formation of alcohol dependence and suicidal tendency. Therefore, the prevention and mandatory treatment of depressive conditions in pregnant women is crucial for the outcome of gestation and the patient's further life.

Nature initially envisaged that gestation proceed as calmly and harmoniously as possible. But modern instability and frantic rhythms, social standards cause a lot of fears in pregnant women, giving rise to the development of depression. Moms are constantly worried about the ongoing gestation and other features of their new position. If protection against stress in this state fails, then the development of a depressed state is inevitable, especially in the absence of moral support.

Why pregnant women get depressed

The main factors in the development of depressive states during gestation are quite a variety of factors:

1. If conception was not planned in advance, then it can cause severe stress leading to depression;
2. Insecurity from a material point of view, such as job loss or too much credit, etc .;
3. Problems of a social nature, such as a lack of normal housing, a difficult situation in the family, or a lack of support from a spouse;
4. Lack of interest in the birth of the baby on the part of the spouse or household;
5. Genetic predisposition to depressive conditions;
6. The presence of gestational complications such as severe toxicosis or fetal pathologies;
7. Hormonal malfunctions due to thyroid disorders, especially often depressive problems occur against the background of decreased thyroid functions, which is manifested by detachment, spleen or panic attacks;
8. Repeated miscarriages or long therapy for infertility can also cause depressive states, especially in the first trimester, when the fear of losing a baby literally drives a woman crazy;
9. Psycho-emotional upheavals like loss of loved ones, forced relocation, etc .;
10. Long-term therapy with sedative and psychotropic drugs.

Depressive conditions in the third trimester of pregnancy or other gestational periods can disturb mom due to the existing genetic predisposition, physical abuse or psychological pressure, as well as other emotional factors.

Clinical manifestations

A bad mood in the morning is a bad sign

The first alarming manifestations hinting at the development of a depressive state in a pregnant woman are sleep problems and sudden mood swings. Also the morning state of weakness and tearfulness, panic in anticipation of the impending delivery. Against the background of such symptoms, a sharp deterioration in the well-being of the mother occurs. Over time, other symptomatic depressive symptoms join in. These include refusal of food and constant irritability, chronic fatigue and indifference to surrounding events.

The pregnant woman is removed even from loved ones, sometimes worried by agoraphobia (when the pregnant woman is afraid to leave the walls of the apartment). A woman shows signs of lack of self-confidence and low self-esteem, constantly feels guilty of something, constantly wants to sleep, is in a state of apathy, uselessness, helplessness, and sometimes even shows suicidal desires.

Separate depressive manifestations can occur in any patient during pregnancy, which is quite understandable by changes in the psychoemotional and neuroendocrine system. However, unlike depression, these conditions disappear on their own after a fairly short time. If depressive symptoms bother the pregnant woman with enviable regularity, then it is necessary to undergo psychological consultation of a specialist.

Features of depressive states at different gestational periods

Very often, cases of depression are recorded during the second gestation. The patient, having learned about the unplanned conception, gives in to panic, especially when there is no opportunity to give birth and raise another child. But such a panic usually disappears after a few days, when a woman gets used to the new position and adapts to it.

During the gestational period, the pregnant woman’s consciousness goes through several stages that help to accept the pregnancy, prepare for delivery and begin to make plans for life after the birth of the baby. During gestation, doubt and uncertainty, other external factors contribute to the onset of apathy, panic, or depressive disorders.

1 trimester

Psychologists consider the first trimester as the time a patient denies a pregnant condition.

• The embryo is only growing, the girl out of habit plans something, not taking into account the presence of a new life in the uterus. For example, she plans a long trip for all the gestation occurring in the last weeks in the 3rd trimester.
• A similar phenomenon is understandable, occurs unknowingly, when the bearing takes place without the traditional toxicosis ailments. Only by the 2nd trimester does the girl begin to fully realize her life situation and perceive it differently.
• Under the influence of hormones, the first weeks of gestation occur with a strong change in the psychoemotional background. Patients need time to curb fears and pacify emotions, and they have to give up a lot in connection with conception. If you add family problems, conflicts with your spouse or with your mother-in-law, it becomes quite problematic to avoid depression.
• You must be able to distinguish between mood swings due to traditional hormonal changes from a depressive state. After conception, patients often change beyond recognition, they will endlessly wear out, sleep poorly, cry, and go deep into themselves. But when mommy accepts her condition, then her psycho-emotional mood returns to normal.
• If such mentally unstable states drag on for a long time, the mood of the pregnant woman is depressed, overgrows with pessimism, then this can be regarded as a pronounced manifestation of growing depression.

In severe depressive conditions, there is a need for taking potent antidepressant medications, which is extremely undesirable in the initial stages of gestation. If you contact a specialist in a timely manner, then you can eliminate the onset of depression using physiotherapeutic methods.

Second

It is very important to get enough sleep

This gestation period is characterized by new sensations for the pregnant woman. Psychologists call this trimester the time of searching for a lost object. This object means the rejection of your favorite entertainment, good work or promising study. When the baby begins to show signs of life, pushing mommy from the inside, the patient realizes that now her life should turn out differently, she worries about the baby.

If the patient is prone to apathy and stressful conditions, then depression in the late stages will be steadily aggravated when mom will suffer from back pain and physical sluggishness due to a grown abdomen, etc. Now the patient may continue to become depressed or choose a different path - get distracted by doing something, for example, enroll in any courses. It is from the decision of the pregnant woman that her further condition will depend.

Third

Psychologists often call the last gestational weeks the stage of prenatal depression. Panic attacks that are not amenable to curb can even bother well-balanced patients. The reason for this can be quite a variety of factors. As a rule, all mothers are scared of the upcoming birth, especially when the family has experienced adverse delivery. Not only that, the enlarged stomach makes the baby clumsy and helpless. What contributes to tearfulness and lack of mood.

Prenatal depressive states are attributed to a non-dangerous phenomenon that patients can quite defeat on their own when, after birth, its hormonal background normalizes. But doctors warn that pregnant women should control themselves, because stress and anxiety, anxiety and prenatal tantrums extremely negatively affect the baby. Such incontinence can lead to the fact that the baby will sleep poorly and constantly cry, slowly grow and develop.

Pregnant women need to remember - the calmer the mother before delivery, the easier the baby will be born. Pregnancy is not a holiday and euphoria lasting 40 weeks, during this period negative emotions and disturbing thoughts also worry. Therefore, it is recommended that mothers go on maternity leave in a timely manner in order to fully prepare for delivery and have a good rest.

What is the danger of depression

Scientists were able to identify a logical relationship between the psychological problems of a pregnant woman and health troubles in a newborn. Untreated depression during gestation can lead to such dangerous consequences:

1. A baby is born with a lack of body weight;
2. Interruption may occur or habitual miscarriage will form;
3. There will come premature delivery;
4. The newborn will exhibit behavioral disorders;
5. The baby will suffer from hyperactivity disorder;
6. The baby will have intellectual impairment or neuro-systemic pathologies;
7. The risk of depression and other mental disorders in the baby in the future is high.

Depressive states during gestation threaten not only the health of the crumbs, but can also provoke postpartum disorders, dangerous violations in the formation of a connection between the baby and the mother.

How to diagnose depression

During the reception you need to tell your doctor about your problems

Detection of depression during gestation is carried out on the basis of characteristic symptoms. To diagnose such a violation, two prerequisites must take place. Firstly, a depressed and pessimistic state should depress a pregnant woman all day long and for at least two weeks. Secondly, there should be no interest, apathy in everyday affairs and activities.

Additional conditions for depressive conditions include sleep disorders and lack of appetite, chronic fatigue, exhaustion, inhibition, or psychomotor agitation. The patient has a feeling of uselessness and worthlessness, lowered self-esteem, a feeling of constant guilt and even suicidal thoughts.

Also, the diagnosis of depressive conditions in pregnant women involves all kinds of tests and surveys, the use of instrumental diagnostics. The psychologist must determine the severity of depression on special scales (Beck, Hamilton, etc.).

Therapies

When a pregnant woman understands that her psycho-emotional state is not quite normal, then she should discuss the problem with a gynecologist, and if necessary with a psychotherapist. If the situation is not difficult, then mom is quite capable of independently cope with the blues and apathy. To do this, it is necessary to adjust the regime of the day to wake up and go to bed at the same time, which will reduce the mood swings. It costs more time to spend outside the city, in nature, to review the diet and do some sports, for example, yoga for mothers or swimming.

In the process of gestation, patients have a lot of free time that can be devoted to any hobby or hobby. These months you need to learn to think with a positive attitude, then you yourself will not notice how you become an incredible optimist. Do not bury your emotions deep down, if you want, you need to cry, laugh, talk about grievances and fears to the household or spouse.

If mom has a serious problem, then a specialist can prescribe drugs from the category of antidepressants. Such medications are able to overcome the placental barrier, therefore it is recommended to treat depressive conditions before the onset of conception, so as not to harm the baby with such therapy. Patients are prescribed drugs like Citalopram, Sertraline, Fluoxetine or Paroxetine. Reception of these medicines should be carried out in dosages strictly prescribed by the doctor.

It is much safer to use herbal antidepressants, which are not so dangerous to the fetus and no less effective. For example, St. John's wort, from which you need to prepare an infusion and take it inside, 300 ml three times a day. Before using any herbs and other folk methods of dealing with depression, you need to consult a doctor leading a pregnancy.

Preventative measures

To prevent a depressive disorder in a pregnant woman, you must:

• Eat properly and rationally, eat fresh fruits / vegetables;
• Get enough sleep and enough rest;
• Daily walk;
• To engage in any exciting and useful activities, hobbies that bring joy;
• Provide moderate physical activity;
• Focus the internal mood on positive and positive emotions;
• Be sure to take care of yourself;
• Timely go on maternity leave;
• If anxious depressive symptoms appear, consult a specialist in a timely manner.

Mom should always feel confident, loved and needed. If you have a depressed state, you need to pay more attention to yourself to see if you have depression. Depression in pregnant women is a fairly common phenomenon, often safe, not threatening the baby. With timely measures taken, this condition is quickly and effectively eliminated without the use of psychotropic drugs.