At one year old, the baby develops a character, he can begin to defend his interests more seriously and be capricious if something goes wrong. In general, this age is very exciting, because the baby is already walking and starting to speak. For parents, this is also an interesting but difficult time when parenting is of great importance. In order to further contribute to the improvement of the baby's skills, a child's day regimen is needed at 1 year old, which in some cases will need to be correctly adjusted.

Child's day regimen at 1 year

A one-year-old child's daily routine may remain the same as it was in the previous month, if the child still requires two days of rest. However, some children already have a well-formed nervous system and therefore can only sleep once during the day. For these kids, you need a schedule by the hour, so look at the table, which roughly shows certain hours for different kinds of activities. You can use it as a basis, but be sure to make edits, depending on the preferences of the parents and the child.

Why is adjustment so important? This is due to the fact that most of the kids go to the nursery at the age of one and a half, which means that, starting from one year, the time has come to accustom them to the schedule according to which this preschool institution operates. This will allow the child to adapt to new conditions in advance. Yes, this should be done in advance, since the baby cannot quickly switch to a new schedule. First of all, for this you need to properly organize the daytime rest of the toddler.

It is worth saying that a healthy, cheerful baby may well get by with a single sleep in the middle of the day, but first, parents need to make sure that he is ready to stay awake for a long time. It is necessary to pay attention to how the child behaves:

• at the usual quiet hour time (10-11 am) he continues to feel cheerful, showing no signs of fatigue;
• when going to bed, he does not fall asleep, but tries to move, takes toys and rattles in his hands;
• protests if mom tries to put him to bed.

If, in addition, the baby can spend more than five hours in an active mode, this indicates that he is ready for a one-time nap.

Regarding nutrition, the frequency of feedings will depend on how much he sleeps: with a double daytime sleep - five times a day, with a single one - four times. In the latter case, the portions for the toddler will be slightly larger.

The rest of the daily routine should be lined up in accordance with the hours of rest and feeding.

Duration of daytime and nighttime sleep

At 12 months, a child should rest at least 10 hours at night, without feeding breaks, and in the daytime for about 4 hours. Since some children sleep twice during the day and only once in others, there are two options for the schedule:

1. In the first case, you can put the babies two times for one and a half or two hours, and in the evening they must go to bed no later than 22.00 hours.
2. With a one-time daytime rest, children, as a rule, wake up at 7-8 o'clock, so they can have a quiet hour at lunchtime at about 13.00.

It is necessary to transfer children to one-time bedding during the day gradually, systematically shifting the morning sleep by half an hour every day. Within a month and a half, the baby will get used to it and will feel quite comfortable.

At the age of one, children also have trouble falling asleep, and their sleep may not be deep and sound enough. In most cases, restless behavior can be caused by:

• falling asleep in the daytime when sleep exceeds 4 hours;
• overeating or hunger of the baby due to improper feeding or an unbalanced diet;
• uncomfortable bedding, mattress or clothing;
• absence or too short walks in the fresh air;
• limited physical activity while awake;
• inconsistency of the temperature and humidity regime in the children's room.

Some cases of sleep disorders, despite the fact that child care is of high quality and regular, diseases of the digestive and nervous systems, as well as other ailments that children usually suffer from. If this is the case, it is better to show the baby to the doctor right away.

By the age of one, the baby should already have the skill of falling asleep on its own, although the baby needs to be taught this for 8-9 months. To do this, in addition to a comfortable atmosphere, muffled sound and light, they limit the child's mobility in the evening hours, carry out the necessary rituals, hold the baby in their arms for some time, and put their favorite toy in bed. It is important to send your son or daughter to bed at the same time.

Feeding a one year old baby

Some babies still feed on mother's milk when they are one year old, using it in the morning and evening. At the same time, their diet contains a variety of products that help to saturate the child's body with the necessary substances for intensive growth and development.

For the health of the baby, it is necessary that the dishes are easily digestible, nutritious and low-fat, therefore they are contraindicated

• semi-finished products;
• marinades;
• smoked meats;
• sausages;
• any spices;
• excessive amounts of salt and sugar.

Dry cereals and ready-made purees are no longer used, since their uniform consistency no longer meets the child's needs for harder food and may even be harmful due to the formation of an incorrect bite and the occurrence of pathologies in the function of the jaw apparatus.

Basically, the menu for one-year-old children consists of the following products and dishes:

• cereals cooked in milk with the addition of honey, fresh berries, small pieces of fruit;
• various fruits, except citrus, which are still not desirable, are now given in slices in the form of salads;
• fish and meat are baked, cutlets, dumplings and meatballs are made, steamed, sometimes fried minced meat is allowed to garnish with boiled vegetables;
• soups are cooked in meat and vegetable broth, the ingredients are not ground, but simply crushed.

At 12 months, many breastfed babies are already ready to give up breastfeeding themselves, besides, its composition is no longer as nutritious as before, so the day regimen of a 1-year-old baby is subject to some changes, and some mothers have the task of weaning their baby from natural feeding.

To facilitate withdrawal, pediatricians provide the following guidelines:

• replace milk with milk porridge, kefir, another drink with a sweet taste, characteristic of breast milk, to which the baby is accustomed;
• when a baby needs a breast only to calm down, it is important to distract him with any acceptable action - a song, a fairy tale, a toy;
• if the child cries, demanding his mother's breast, you should stand for 10 minutes, after that you can even feed it, only a couple of minutes, if the baby does not calm down in any way, and in the future adhere to the same tactics;
• in the morning after waking up, children are given juice diluted with water, a piece of cookies.

When weaning off breast milk, the baby should already be able to use a sippy cup or cup. If he is not ready for this in a year, it is better to leave everything as it is. Bottle-fed babies need a little more food than babies, as well as babies who sleep once a day - about 250 g of food at a time.

Physical development, walking and hygiene

Such a concept as the full physical development of a child, along with exercises, includes compliance with the basic requirements of personal hygiene, the formation of healthy habits, hardening and water procedures.

Basic exercises for harmonious physical development:

• crawling in different ways;
• rotation in a circle with legs and arms;
• hanging on the horizontal bar, rings;
• squats;
• ball games;
• massage and exercises to strengthen the abdominal muscles;
• turns and tilts of the body;
• walking on a straight and uneven surface;
• crawling with obstacles;
• continuation of training for sliding down from a hill (chairs, beds, etc.).

The room where the classes take place should be at a comfortable temperature for the child, it must be ventilated in advance, while at the same time eliminating drafts. To maintain a good mood, it is better to carry out gymnastics to cheerful music with a clear rhythm.

One-year-old babies are already familiar with the basic hardening procedures - airing the living quarters and air baths, which must be carried out twice a day, the session time also gradually increases - from 5 to 30 minutes. When pimples appear on the skin, the baby must be immediately dressed. Water procedures, in addition to bathing, should include dousing, rubdown, shower, swimming.

The sun's rays have a special beneficial effect on the child's body, but they should not be direct, best of all is diffused light breaking through the crowns and foliage of trees, therefore, during walks, children can be held in the shade of trees or bushes, but not solid, but penetrated by rays of light ... It is good if there is an opportunity to do gymnastics in the fresh air - this is a double benefit for the baby.

Hardening in the second year of life is especially important also because the baby gradually loses the immunity received from the mother with breast milk. Therefore, an external influence on his body with the help of hardening measures and an ideally adjusted diet that can support the health of a toddler from the inside is necessary.

It is possible to develop a child physically not only with the use of the special methods listed above. You can actively train your son or daughter to self-service. Let the child dress and undress himself, for him this is also a certain load, in addition, a very useful activity and skill, having mastered which, he will free up a little mother's time.

Games and educational activities

A one year old toddler should have many different toys. By this time, the most interesting for him are:

• balls and rings, balls of all sizes;
• sorters with holes of different shapes and inserts;
• colorful puzzles consisting of four large pieces;
• cubes and pyramids;
• children's lotto and dominoes;
• tolokars, wheelchairs with a handle and a lace;
• nesting dolls and tumblers;
• rubber dolls and figurines of animals;
• for the development of small sensing - rugs and play centers;
• children's musical instruments - drum, tambourine, maracas, metallophone.

If you take the favorite games of one-year-old kids at home - this is a slide made of pillows, it is interesting to climb and slide on it, at the same time, the baby learns to control his body. Another no less exciting activity for children is “riding”, a chair or a saddle of a bicycle can serve as a horse, it is desirable to put pillows around the baby to avoid painful falls.

In a word, in order to entertain the baby, and at the same time do it for the benefit of his body, you can come up with many interesting activities in your own house or apartment.

Developing activities in the form of a game process can be carried out at home and on the street while walking:

• to improve the skills of speech, walking and cognitive processes, the baby needs to read books, show vivid images, and boxes with lids, barrels, nesting dolls, cubes are also suitable for these purposes.
• on the street, a child can make Easter cakes in a sandbox - this develops an eye, finger motor skills;
• for the development of the muscles of the hands, as well as instilling love for the world of art, drawing with finger paints, felt-tip pens, crayons, pastels is useful for children;
• modeling from salt dough is also extremely useful - it is unlikely that the crumbs will be able to sculpt something, but he can decorate the dough cake by pressing beads, buttons and other objects into it;
• constructor and puzzles help the child to better distinguish colors, shapes, teach him to think logically;
• rhythmic music will help improve your hearing and rhythm, in addition, you can dance to it with your baby and even sing;
• one year old babies will definitely like to independently extract sounds from musical instruments such as a children's piano, pipe or drum;

If parents strictly adhere to the child's day regimen at 1 year old and teach their baby to this routine, he will fully develop in all directions, grow strong, healthy and smart, and adaptation to the new conditions of the nursery or kindergarten will take place calmly and quickly.

At 1 year old, the child already distinguishes smells and has his own favorite dishes. He also clearly expresses emotions and his attitude towards people or events. It is at this age that the baby begins to actively study the world around him and be interested in the structure of things. It is very important for parents to create a daily routine for a one-year-old child in which the child will be comfortable developing.

Nutrition

When a baby turns 1 year old, it is necessary to revise his diet. The child can already be given almost all products, constantly discovering new tastes for him. It is necessary to exclude the grinding of solid food and the constant use of milk porridge. During this period, many women are already completing breastfeeding and transferring the baby to a regular diet. Remember, your baby should still have 1 meal of formula at 12 months. The number of meals at this age is 4–5, and the amount eaten is 1200–1300 g, depending on the child's height. Between meals, the child can be given water, juice, tea, but without adding honey or sugar. This will help keep your baby teeth in good condition.

The number of meals at this age is 4-5, and the amount eaten is 1200-1300 g

At 1 year old, the baby can cook finely chopped meat and fish. Serve fruits and vegetables regularly, but be careful with citrus fruits - they can cause allergies. Don't season your baby's food. Do not offer your child nuts, chocolate, mushrooms, hard breads, sausages, and canned foods.

If the mother still has the desire and ability to breastfeed, then it is best to do this in the morning and before bedtime. For lunch, serve soups and steamed cutlets with mashed vegetables. Offer fish twice a week and beef liver twice a month. For an afternoon snack, add cottage cheese, casserole, fruit puree and juice.

Physical exercise

Up to 12 months, parents regularly carry out simple gymnastics with their baby. This helps him develop correctly. At 1 year old, the child's day regimen changes dramatically, and with it the workouts, since it is necessary to constantly build up muscle mass.

• It is best to practice for 15–20 minutes, but actively and without interruption.
• To prevent the child from getting bored, joke with him and laugh, turn on his favorite music.
• Before exercising, ventilate the area and leave the window open for fresh air.
• At 1 year old, you can walk long distances with your child, this strengthens all muscle groups.

Consult your pediatrician, he will help you develop a set of exercises and, if necessary, choose a children's exercise machine.

Daily workouts should include walking on various surfaces (straight, bumpy, inclined), horizontal bar exercises, squats, crawling, bending over, ab exercises and throwing the ball. It is also necessary to learn and consolidate the skills of getting off the chair and bed. Many mothers enroll with their children in developmental schools, where they perform exercises and play educational games under the supervision of specialists.

Water procedures

A child's day should begin and end with hygiene procedures. It is important that morning and evening washing become a habit. Teach him how to brush his teeth and constantly monitor the process. At this age, children are very fond of swimming. You can swim every day or 2-3 times a week. After the water procedure, it is good to apply baby cream or oil to the baby's skin. In the year, you can begin to carry out light hardening procedures, such as dousing. But first, be sure to consult a pediatrician: he will tell you how to do everything right and not harm the baby's health.

Bathing water temperature should not exceed +33 ° С; for hardened children it can be reduced by 3-4 ° С. At this age, start teaching your child how to properly wash their hair and other body parts.

Educational games

For a one-year-old child, you need to purchase educational toys. Typically, these include cubes (soft, plastic or wooden), nesting dolls, pyramids, drums or battery-powered pianos, touch mats with clasps, buttons, Velcro for fine motor skills development, puzzles, lotto, balls and others.

It is also important to play with your child.

• To develop fine motor skills, mothers often use finger games: "Magpie-crow", "Ladushki", "Finger-Boy".
• The game "Find and Show" will be useful for the kid. Flip through a picture book with him and ask him to show certain objects or animals, their body parts.
• You can train your ear and sense of rhythm by singing songs with your child and dancing with him.
• You can develop perseverance and an eye with the help of sand, plasticine or clay.
• Drawing classes will also be useful, they, among other things, form an aesthetic taste. Watercolors or gouache, felt-tip pens, pencils or pens are perfect. Any paper or white fabric can be used as a canvas. Children also love to draw with crayons. You can do this outdoors on the asphalt, or you can put a small drawing board at home.

Sleep

Proper sleep is essential for a child's physical and mental development. Many mothers put their one-year-old baby to bed 2 times during the day and 1 time at night. Such a scheme is only appropriate if the child needs it. If you begin to notice that during the first and second sleep, the child does not fall asleep well and tosses and turns at night for a long time, it is time to leave one two-three-hour rest. It is also appropriate if you are preparing your baby for kindergarten. Sleep should occur between meals and active games. It is important to train your baby to fall asleep and wake up at the same time.

Approximate schedule

It's important to stick to one daily routine every day.

1. Set the time to wake up. For a one-year-old baby, the time is best between 7:00 and 8:00. After lifting, carry out the necessary hygiene procedures and gymnastics.
2. Serve your child breakfast from 7:30 am to 9:00 am.
3. From 9:00 to 11:00 - daytime sleep; if the child does not need it, you can pay attention to educational games.
4. 11: 00-11: 30 - lunch. After that, until 15:00, play with your child, go for a walk.
5. 15: 00-17: 30 - time for sleep. Then feed your baby a snack.
6. Do educational games until 19:30. Then go for a walk again. At 20:30, start preparing for bed, carry out all the hygiene procedures.
7. Before a night's rest, feed your baby and put him to bed at 21: 30-22: 00.

The day regimen of a child at 1 year old is very important for his proper development. Listen to your baby and adjust the time frame based solely on his preferences.

Sometimes parents complain that their children are a lot capricious, suffer from lack of appetite, do not want to go to kindergarten, do not have time in school, and do not see that some of these problems are due to the wrong daily routine or lack of it. If the child does not get enough sleep, is not used to eating at a certain time, then this leads to a weakening of his health, nervous system, and rapid fatigue. It is necessary to accustom the child to the optimal sleep and wakefulness regime from a very early age.

Some mothers do not recognize the need to create a daily routine for a one-year-old baby, believing that both the time of sleep and the time of feeding should be at the request of the child. But the fact that you do not make up an individual daily routine for your one-year-old baby does not mean that it does not exist. It's just that in this case, the time of sleep and wakefulness, feeding and play for the baby is added up arbitrarily and if they do not coincide with what is convenient for the parents, then everyone suffers. A sleep deprived child is capricious and falls asleep poorly from overwork, parents who do not get enough sleep also lose strength and health.

Therefore, each family should make up the child's day regimen in accordance with his physiological characteristics and his own lifestyle, says Dr. Komarovsky. It is desirable that the awakening time be common for everyone in the house. The main meals should also take place at approximately the same time for all family members, and the additional ones necessary for the crumbs at a convenient time for mom and baby. The time of the daytime sleep of the crumbs will depend on the time of eating.

If you stick to the same hour for waking up in the morning, bedding in the evening and feeding during the day, choosing a routine that is convenient for the whole family, then the baby will easily get used to the regime, which will strengthen his health and make life easier for his parents. But in order for the baby to get used to the observance of sleep and wakefulness, nutrition and hygiene, it is necessary that the mother adhere to the same routine both on weekends and on weekdays.

The approximate daily routine of the baby per year and month is recommended as follows:

Daily regimen for children from 1 to 1.5 years old:

Feeding:7.30, 12, 16.30, 20.

Wakefulness: 7-10, 12-15.30, 16.30-20.30

Sleep: first 10-12, the second 15.30-16.30, night sleep 20.30-7.

stroll: after lunch and afternoon tea.

Bathing: 19.

Daily regime. Child 1 year 2 months

Child's menu at 1 year

The first birthday of a baby, which is happily celebrated by loved ones, does not mean that immediately after the baby has become one year old, his sleep and nutrition immediately change dramatically. A child has five meals a year, in which he receives from 1000 to 1200 grams of food. The food should be grated, but already include small pieces in order to teach the crumb to chew food. Food should still only be boiled, baked or stewed, nothing fried or smoked.

Milk and dairy products are still the basis of nutrition. If the baby remains breastfed, then from a year you can gradually replace it with regular baby food. If the baby is artificially fed, then the preparation of the menu must be approached even more carefully, since only from it he receives all the necessary trace elements, vitamins, etc. At the same time, it is the bottle-fed baby that is easier to "overfeed", which also requires the mother to make a more careful menu.

For the growth and development of a child, first of all, protein is needed, therefore meat and fish are necessarily included in the baby's menu every year. Since protein is absorbed for a long time, the recommendations state that meat or fish dishes are given to babies no later than lunch.

• Lean types are chosen from meat - veal, beef, chicken. It must be thoroughly cooked - boil or stew for a long time. Served as mashed potatoes or pâtés. Nutritionists suggest giving cutlets and meatballs to babies less often.
• The fish are given low-fat varieties such as pollock, cod, etc. at least one hundred grams per week.

The second mandatory item in the child's menu after a year is porridge. The leaders in health benefits among them are oatmeal and buckwheat, but you should not give up rice, semolina, pearl barley either. Porridge for crumbs is prepared in milk and is usually given for breakfast, adding a little butter (12 gm daily).

Speaking of oil: a child should receive no more than 1 teaspoon of vegetable oil per day. It must necessarily be included in the diet of the crumbs, as it contains useful substances necessary for development. It can be added to a salad or used minimally in cooking.

Be sure to include fruits and vegetables in the baby's menu. This is usually mashed potatoes a year, but you can gradually get used to salads - finely chopped or grated on a coarse grater carrots, boiled potatoes and beets, pumpkin or apples. It is preferable to make vegetable salads from no more than two components; a little more components can be included in fruit salads.

After the first birthday, it's time to accustom the little ones to the first courses: soups and broths. Meat broths for children of this age should be light, not greasy. To do this, they are prepared as follows: the meat is cooked for 10-15 minutes, after which the broth is drained, and a soup for children is prepared from it, and the meat is cooked further

Children are very fond of sweets and you can offer sweet fruits, cookies, marmalade or marshmallow as a dessert. In limited quantities, safe sweets will delight your baby.

Physical development

After a year, the kid becomes more active, he quickly builds up his motor skills. He walks more and more confidently, can pick up objects of interest to him from the floor, independently squat down and get up, step over obstacles and start running. To help him consolidate his successes and master new opportunities, it is time to accustom the child to morning exercises, which takes no more than 10 minutes. Exercises are carried out in a playful way and only if the kid wants it.

Sleep

In a year, there is a smooth transition in sleep and wakefulness to more active pastime than in infants under one year old. At this age, the baby should sleep 14-16 hours a day, of which three to four hours are given for daytime sleep. Dr. Komarovsky calls a slightly lower figure of 13.5 hours, but this is all within the framework of individual differences. Even for one child, the need for sleep can change from day to day.

Therefore, the regime should not be dogma. It is quite acceptable to compensate for the lack of sleep on one day by laying down earlier at night, and on the other, due to poor sleep at night, to allow a longer sleep during the day. But this still should be rather an exception, one must strive for sleep at the same time. In a year when the child's activity grows, it is especially important to teach him to sleep and wake up times convenient for the family.

In a year, the child also sleeps twice a day, one of which is longer. But after a year, there is a gradual transition to a single sleep. Do not rush to cancel one of the laying, you just need to watch the baby. The second daytime sleep will depend on the child's needs: if he is tired or has not slept, then he will fall asleep by himself, and if he is active, then you should not insist, but it is better to put to sleep earlier in the evening, already at night.

Continue to maintain your evening bedding ritual overnight. This calms the baby and helps him fall asleep easily. In one year, it is already worth teaching a child to fall asleep without a mother - without breastfeeding and motion sickness.

Baby sleep rules, baby sleep, baby sleep

Approximate daily routine for children from 1.1 to 2 years old

After a year, every month the baby's physical activity increases during the day, and the night's sleep becomes stronger. But in the first 6 months, the child still gets tired quickly, periods of hyperactive behavior are replaced by lethargy and he still needs to rest twice a day. Even if the baby does not fall asleep a second time, it is necessary for him to lie down quietly for a while, otherwise the baby may overwork.

By the age of six months, the child improves his physical and intellectual capabilities, and therefore his skills and abilities expand. He is already running, uses a spoon, can hold a cup, knows the words "can" and "no", etc. Increased physical strength and strengthening of the nervous system allow him to go to a one-time nap. Approximately the following daily regimen is recommended.

Daily regimen for children from 1.5 to 2 years old:

Feeding: 8, 12, 15.30, 19.30.

Wakefulness: 7.30 – 12.30, 15.30 – 20.20.

Sleep: 12.30 – 15.30, 20.30 – 7.30

Stroll:after breakfast and afternoon tea.

Bathing: 18.30.

Child's day regimen from 2 to 3 years old

A child after two years already actively masters speech, speaks in sentences and actively expands his vocabulary. He has good control over his body compared to a one-year-old baby, he can eat neatly, put on and take off his T-shirt and panties himself. During the day, the child asks for a potty, at night it is not yet given to him. Feeding should be four times a day, one nap.

A child in the period from two to three years can already restrain his desires for a short time and engage in some kind of business. But he is still hyperactive, cannot engage in repetitive actions for a long time and is easily aroused. A baby can do one thing for no more than half an hour, so long periods of wakefulness should be filled with alternating activities.

Daily regimen for children from 2 to 3 years old:

Feeding: 8, 12.30, 16.30, 19.

Wakefulness: 7.30 – 13.30, 15.30 – 20.30.

Sleep: 13.30 – 15.30, 20.30 – 7.30.

stroll: 2 times a day after breakfast and afternoon tea.

Douche: after night and day sleep (in winter) and before lunch (in summer).

Bathing: before bedtime.

Children after a year are very fond of swimming, but you can already wash it two or three times a week. If there is a need and desire, then it can be done more often, but in this case, the skin must be lubricated with baby cream or oil. After a year, it's time to regularly take care of your teeth. While this, of course, is the concern of the parents, as well as teaching him to wash himself and wash his pens.

After a year, the child gradually begins to learn how to use a spoon, potty training.

Walks in the open air

Regardless of the weather after a year, children should definitely walk outside on weekdays and on weekends. Even in cold weather, the baby should be outdoors for at least 20 minutes a day, and in good weather, the longer the better.

Experts believe that if the weather and the capabilities of the parents allow, then you need to walk twice a day from one and a half to two hours. Now, when the child already walks not only in a stroller, but walks with his own feet, a walk gives the child both physical activity and knowledge of the world. Prolonged exposure to the fresh air promotes good appetite and sound sleep in the child.

Child and Regime - School of Doctor Komarovsky

Everyone knows how important it is to follow the regime. A 1-year-old child also needs to be taught to live according to the clock. This need is explained by the fact that when living according to the daily routine, it is easier for the body to restore strength and maintain health. A growing baby needs it even more than an adult. Therefore, the control of timely proper nutrition, sleep and effective leisure activities is so important throughout the child's life.

How to organize your daily routine?

There are several points that must be included in the child's day regimen. 1 year of life is marked by some differences compared to previous months. The kid has grown up to the first anniversary, and now his day is being built a little differently. So, the day of the baby at the age of 1 year consists of the following regime moments:

• Feeding;
• Wakefulness;
• Walking;
• Hygiene procedures;
• Gymnastics.

There is no massage in the list of regime moments, which replaces gymnastics. A child at 12 months old moves enough to develop muscles without additional effort from the outside. However, massage can be prescribed by a doctor if indicated. Otherwise, you can help the baby properly develop muscles on your own using a set of exercises.

The changes also affect the baby's sleep pattern. At the age of 1, many babies start sleeping once a day instead of the usual two. The diet remains five times a day. Read more about the menu and acceptable products below in the section ““.

Sweet Dreams!

The sleep schedule of a child at the age of 1 year begins to change, switching to a mode of two dreams: night and day. In total, it is about 14 hours per day. At night it is 10-11 hours, in the day - 2-3 hours. This mode is most typical for children 1 year old, since their nervous system is sufficiently strong and does not require frequent rest for recovery.

However, many children, even at the age of 1 year, still sleep 2 times a day. You should not forcefully retrain the child to switch to 1 daytime sleep. This should happen gradually. A signal that the baby is comfortable sleeping once a day will be changes in his behavior. For example, if a child finds it difficult to fit into the first daytime sleep, then does not sleep well in the second and his nighttime sleep mode gets lost, then it is worth listening to his body and skipping the first daytime sleep. So the child will go to 1 daytime sleep (13: 00-16: 00).

Child's menu at 1 year

The feeding regimen for a 1 year old child remains five times a day. The total amount of food eaten per day is about 1-1.2 kg. The kid can eat almost all products. The exceptions are:

• Citrus;
• Mushrooms;
• Sausages, sausages;
• Semi-finished products;
• Canned food;
• Sweets;
• Chocolate;
• Nuts.

Also banned salty, smoked, fried.

Otherwise, the baby can eat what his parents eat. An excellent practice for instilling good manners in your child from childhood is to have lunch or dinner together. A high chair is pushed up to the dining table and the whole family can eat. The manners, table rules, and politeness shown by the parents are remembered for the crumbs better than any explanation.

As mentioned above, 5 meals are the basis of a child's nutrition. 1 year, some babies still continue to eat breast milk. It's good when mom keeps it for so long. But now only the "adult" is the main food for the growing organism. Therefore, the menu for a 1 year old baby is offered as follows:

1. Breakfast: porridge with a slice of butter, tea.
2. Second breakfast: yogurt and biscuits.
3. Lunch: soup, vegetable puree with meat (steamed cutlets, meatballs) or fish (fish is eaten no more than 2 times a week), compote.
4. Afternoon snack: cottage cheese, fruit puree, juice.
5. Dinner: boiled egg / omelet (not fried!), Vegetable puree, compote.

Get started charging!

The child's regimen at 1 year old provides for the mandatory presence of morning exercises. As a rule, by the age of one year, many children already know how to walk. If not independently, then with support. They can also squat, bend over. The baby's walking may be accompanied by other movements. For example, he might push a wheelchair or toy stroller in front of him.

To further develop the muscles and motor skills of the child, do exercises with him every morning. The exercises presented in the complex can be easily turned into a game. This will give the baby extra pleasure. A set of possible exercises:

• Strengthening and improving the acquired skills: crawling on all fours, walking (independent or by the hand), squats (first with support for the handles, then independently).
• Crawling: through the hoop, under the obstacle.
• Bends with straight legs.
• Raising the legs from a supine position to a right angle.
• Raising the body from a prone position.
• Climbing and dismounting from accessible surfaces - a sofa, an armchair, a chair.
• Walking on a narrow path.
• Alternate raising of hands up.
• Boxing arm movements.
• Throwing the ball with both hands.

Keep a close eye on the "inventory" that is proposed to use when performing the exercises. There should be no sharp corners, slippery surfaces, instability anywhere. Gymnastics should be safe first and foremost!

Teach kids from childhood to the daily routine. Not far off is the day when the child will go to kindergarten, and then to school. The habit of discipline will help him adapt to new conditions more easily, and parents will save precious morning time to get ready.

A one-year-old child is a very active explorer of the world. He crawls well, stands up with support or even walks, understands about fifty words, knows the names of relatives by ear, shows his favorite characters and familiar objects in the book. His skills are constantly being improved, but for successful development appropriate conditions are necessary, including good rest. How much should a baby sleep at 1 year old? How to organize his day and accustom him to the regime?

Healthy child sleep is the basis of the regimen

Parents know that the activity and mood of the baby during the day largely depends on whether he slept enough, so sleep is still the basis for the normal physical, emotional and mental development of the child. All children are individual and develop at their own pace, however, pediatricians have established approximate standards for the duration of rest, which every mother can focus on.

The total duration of sleep of a child aged from one to one and a half years is 13.5-15 hours, 10-11 of which fall on night rest, and 2.5-3 - on daytime. During the day, the baby sleeps twice for an average of 90 minutes or once for 2-3 hours.

If the daily routine is observed, the baby gets used to going to the crib at the same time, it fits easier, and sleeps better. If the regime is knocked down (guests, trips, going to the clinic, illness), the child falls asleep during the day at the "wrong" time, and at night he cheerfully plays next to tired parents or often wakes up and cries.

For sound sleep, it is important to follow the basic rules:

• put your child to bed at about the same time;
• the day should be filled with active games with sufficient physical activity and walks, the evening should be calm, with reading or drawing;
• the place to stay should be attractive;
• if the baby sleeps in a separate bed, you shouldn't put him there for games - the bed should be associated with sleep;
• the air in the room where the child sleeps should be cool and humid, the baby's clothes should be warm;
• bathing and massage in the evening will help the child relax;
• it is useful to create rituals (actions that are repeated every day), for example, bathing - reading - lullabies - sleeping.

How many times a day should you put your baby to bed

Up to two years old, children can sleep once or twice a day. There are mothers who say that after a year their baby has completely abandoned daytime rest, and in no way can he be persuaded to go to bed in the daytime. But according to experts, a child normally needs a daytime sleep.

In the question of how many times a one-year-old baby should sleep during the day, parents should focus on his well-being and activity. If it is difficult for the baby to put it in the crib twice or he behaves restlessly at night, it is worth trying to lay him only once, but not in the morning, but in the afternoon. And in these morning hours you can go for a walk.

When it comes to sleep, parents should focus on the needs of the child himself - some sleep well for long periods of time, others need less rest to feel awake. By observing your baby, you can determine the optimal time for his day and night sleep.

10 golden rules for a restful children's sleep from Dr. Komarovsky - video

Feeding

At one year old, a child's nutrition is already very similar to that of an adult. The baby now has several teeth and is able to eat both liquid and solid food (gnaw on an apple, carrot, crouton). In order for his appetite to be good, you need to try not to give anything between feedings, except for water. Although, you should be flexible in this matter: babies feeding on mother's milk may also ask for breast in the intervals between feedings, because breast milk is digested much faster than adapted milk formula.

Children at the age of one usually eat 4–5 times a day, not counting supplementary breast milk at the request of the child.

Many people continue to breastfeed their babies a year, but mother's milk is no longer the main product. Infants who are bottle-fed are still supplemented with formula, but it is given no more than 1-2 times a day (in the morning after waking up and in the evening before bedtime).

The total amount of products per day for children from one to one and a half years old, with the exception of drinking, is about 1-1.2 liters (kefir or milk is considered at this age not to be a drink, but as food), from one and a half to three years - 1.3-1, 5 l. Yevgeny Komarovsky, on the issue of food, urges mothers to observe the measure and not force the child to eat everything that is supposed to be normal, since overeating badly affects the digestive organs.

Dishes that can be included in the diet of a one-year-old child:

• dairy and dairy-free cereals;
• soups with meat, fish or vegetable broth;
• fish;
• steamed meat patties, meatballs, beef, veal, turkey meatballs;
• salads (from fresh cabbage, grated carrots, vinaigrette);
• steamed vegetables (potatoes should not be given more often 2-3 times a week);
• rye or wheat bread, crackers;
• pasta;
• kefir, yogurt, yogurt;
• fruits, fruit puree;
• berries (in moderation).

Almost all doctors do not recommend giving cow's milk to babies up to 8 months old and with caution introduce crumbs into the diet after a year (starting with one spoon diluted with water). And according to foreign experts, it is not worth offering it to children under the age of two. It is considered a strong allergen. Dr. Komarovsky explains the harmful effects of cow's milk with a high content of phosphorus (which is 6 times more than in women's milk). The exchange of this substance in the human body is associated with the exchange of calcium, as a result of which the level of the latter in the blood decreases, and, therefore, bones grow worse. It is much more useful to give kefir or yogurt to a one-year-old child.

Nutritional standards for a one-year-old child (calculation for one day) - table

Kefir, milk or mixture	500 ml
Cottage cheese	50 g
Porridge	150-200 ml
Vegetables	250-300 g
Fruit, puree	200 g
Meat (turkey, veal, beef)	70-80 g
A fish	30-40 g
Egg	1 PC.
Quail egg	2-3 pieces per week
Rye or wheat bread	20-40 g
Butter	15–20 g
Cheese	5 g
Sour cream (cream)	5-10 g
Vegetable oil	6 ml
Sugar	30-40 g
Salt	2-3 g

What is the kid doing when he is awake

The periods of wakefulness of a one-year-old child are quite long (3-5 hours). The kid walks on the street, bathing is carried out before bedtime. The rest of the time is devoted to games, improving and acquiring new skills, getting to know the outside world.

The child's games are already very diverse: he knows how to handle blocks, cars, dolls and soft toys, tries to assemble towers from a constructor with large details, and learns children's musical instruments. The kid loves to be told something to him, looks at pictures in books, points at them, makes exclamations and listens to fairy tales. With him you can start sculpting from salt dough, teach him to draw with pencils under the supervision of an adult. Repeating the movements behind the parents, the baby does simple exercises or comes up with tasks for himself (crawls under the table, crawls over the sofa cushions, etc.).

The child's waking period can be filled in as follows:

• do a massage;
• exercise;
• play active games (catch-up, hide and seek, ball);
• read books or spend time doing other calm and developing activities.

Walking

One-year-old babies are just learning to walk or are already doing it well. They are active on the playground or in the park, play in the sandpit and watch other children.

Winter walks depend on how seasoned and accustomed your child is to the fresh air. At temperatures not lower than -10 0 С, a one-year-old baby can usually spend in the fresh air from 40-60 minutes to one and a half hours. Do not overly protect it from frost: the metabolism of children goes faster, they warm up better, and often when mothers freeze during a walk, their children feel very good.

In summer, you should also monitor the temperature outside and spend the morning (from 9 to 11) or evening (from 17 to 19) hours outdoors. Sun habituation should be gradual, starting at 5 minutes. There must be a panama hat on the head.

Bathing

Russian doctors recommend bathing your child every day or every other day in a large bathtub, pouring water so that he can sit in it and play with toys. Bathing is not only cleanliness, but also hardening, as well as relaxation, stress relief, rest, which is very useful after a whole day of exploring the world and communicating with people.

Interesting fact. In Germany, it is customary to bathe children once a week, doctors consider it more beneficial for the skin.

Hygiene procedures in the daily routine

The child gets used to the lifestyle that is repeated from day to day. If you always wash your hands before eating and after walking, this rule becomes familiar to him and does not cause objections. Now that the baby is more conscious and understands many words, it is a great time to teach him useful hygiene skills. Include in the daily routine what you want to teach the baby. In the morning you should wash your face, wash your bottom and change your diaper. Wash dirty hands with soap and water. At this age, you can introduce the little one to the pot, meaning that he will deliberately use it after two years.

When a child has his first teeth (and by the year there are already eight of them!), You can introduce him to a toothbrush. This is a slow process, so take your time, but gradually introduce brushing into your daily routine.

Approximate daily routine

Thinking over the baby's day regimen, adults usually look for answers to the following questions:

• when and how much a child should sleep during the day;
• how many times a day he should eat and what food includes each feeding;
• at what time of the day to take him for a walk and how long to walk;
• how often to bathe it;
• what to do during periods of wakefulness;
• what hygiene procedures to introduce into the daily routine.

The main thing in the regime is consistency. The kid gets used to the following activities one after another.

The approximate daily regimen of a child from one year to one and a half years (if the child sleeps twice a day) - table

7.00
7.30	breakfast
8.00–10.00	active / quiet games
10.00–12.00	first daytime sleep
12.00	dinner
13.00–15.00	walk
15.00	afternoon tea
16.00–17.30	second daytime sleep
17.30	dinner
18.00–20.00	active / quiet games
20.00	bathing
20.30	feeding before bed
21.00	night sleep

The approximate daily regimen of a child from one to one and a half years (if the child sleeps once during the day) - table

7.00	lifting, hygiene procedures
7.30	breakfast
8.00–11.00	active / quiet games
11.00–12.45	walk
12.45	dinner
13.00–16.00	daytime sleep
16.00	afternoon tea
16.00–18.00	walk
18.00	dinner
18.00–20.00	active / quiet games
20.00	bathing
20.30	feeding before bed
21.00	night sleep

How to teach a one-year-old child to the regime

The well-known pediatrician Yevgeny Komarovsky advises, when establishing a regime, to be flexible, take into account the interests of adult family members, not scrupulously adhere to sleep hours, but also remember how much a child should rest per day at about this age. If he is too late during the day, do not wait for a good night. And if you need to change the schedule, do it smoothly, gradually shifting the hours of your usual routine to avoid stress for the baby.

A year is an important date in a child's development. Until recently, he was carried in his arms, and now he is already walking or mastering this important skill, energetically exploring the apartment and the surrounding things, meeting new people. The activity of the baby significantly changes his regime. The above recommendations and tips will help you in this busy time and make your days with your baby joyful and fulfilling.