Diabetes mellitus is a common disease manifested by disorders of carbohydrate, fluid, fat and protein metabolism. The development of diabetes is due to a lack of insulin production.

The result of an insulin imbalance is an increased glucose content in all body fluids.

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by a variety of symptoms, since this disease affects almost all internal systems of the body.

Important! Almost all patients have skin pathologies. Sometimes dry skin, itching of unclear etiology, often recurrent and difficult to treat infectious diseases and dermatoses are the first symptoms of diabetes mellitus.

Development reasons

Severe metabolic disorders that are inherent in diabetes mellitus lead to the appearance of pathological changes in most organs and systems, including the skin.

The reason for the development of skin diseases in diabetes is obvious. These are serious metabolic disorders and the accumulation of products of improperly proceeding metabolism in tissues. This leads to the appearance of disorders in the dermis, sweat glands and epidermis. In addition, there is a decrease in local immunity, which leads to infection of the skin with pathogenic microorganisms.

With a severe course of the disease, the skin of patients undergoes general changes. It becomes rough, peeling appears as if, elasticity is lost.

Classification of skin manifestations

To date, about three dozen different dermatoses have been described in detail - skin diseases that develop as precursors of diabetes or against the background of the course of the disease.

1. Primary skin diseases. This group of dermatoses includes all skin diseases that are provoked by metabolic disorders.
2. Secondary diseases. This group includes infectious skin diseases (fungal, bacterial) that develop in patients with diabetes due to a decrease in general and local immune responses.
3. The third group should include skin diseases caused by the use of drugs aimed at treating the underlying disease.

Primary group

Primary dermatoses - diabetic dermopathy, it is characterized by changes in small blood vessels.

Diabetic dermopathy. Dermatosis is characterized by changes in small blood vessels that are triggered by metabolic disorders. The disease is manifested by the appearance of light brown spots, covered with scales of flaky skin. The spots are rounded and are usually localized on the skin of the legs.

Dermopathy does not cause any subjective sensations, and its manifestation is often taken by patients for the appearance of age spots on the skin. Special treatment for this dermatosis is not required.

They are often harbingers of the development of diabetes. However, there is no direct connection between the severity of itching and the severity of metabolic disorders. On the contrary, it is not uncommon for patients with latent or mild diabetes to suffer more from persistent itching.

Secondary group

Diabetic patients often develop fungal dermatoses, especially candidiasis is a characteristic manifestation of diabetes. The disease begins with the appearance of severe itching of the skin in the skin folds. Then the characteristic symptoms of candidiasis appear - the appearance of a whitish plaque on the macerated skin, and later the formation and manifestations.

Bacterial skin infections in diabetes are no less common. These can be pyoderma, erysipelas, carbuncles, felon, phlegmon.
Most often, skin bacterial dermatoses are caused by streptococcal or staphylococcal flora.

Dermatoses caused by taking medications

Patients with diabetes are forced to take medications for life. Because of this, various allergic reactions can occur.

Diagnostic methods

For diagnosis, you need to take a blood test.

Patients who go to a dermatologist with various skin diseases, as a rule, are referred for tests, which include a sugar test. Often, it is after contacting a dermatologist for dermatosis that patients have diabetes mellitus.

Otherwise, the diagnosis of dermatoses in diabetes is carried out in the same way as for any skin diseases. External examination, instrumental and laboratory studies are performed. To determine the nature of secondary dermatoses, bacteriological tests are performed to identify infectious agents.

Treatment

Important! The treatment regimen for skin manifestations depends on the type of dermatosis. First of all, a therapy is selected, aimed at correcting metabolic processes, that is, at treating the cause of skin diseases - diabetes.

Primary diabetic dermatoses usually do not require special treatment. When the condition stabilizes, the symptoms of skin manifestations subside.

For the treatment of infectious dermatoses, specific therapy is used with the use of antibacterial or antifungal drugs.

Treatments with traditional medicine recipes

To reduce the likelihood of skin manifestations in diabetes, you can also use traditional medicine recipes:

1. You need to take 100 grams of celery root and one whole lemon with the peel. Grind in a bender (remove the lemon seeds), heat the mixture in a water bath for 1 hour. Then put in a glass jar and store in the refrigerator. Take a spoonful of the mixture in the morning before meals and water. The course of treatment should be long - at least 2 years.
2. To improve the condition of the skin, you can use baths with the addition of decoctions of oak bark or string.
3. Prepare a decoction of birch buds and wipe the inflamed skin for dermatoses caused by diabetes.
4. It helps to treat aloe dermatosis well. You just need to cut off the leaves and, removing the thorns and the skin, apply to the locations of the rash or to the places of inflammation on the skin.
5. To relieve itchy skin, it is recommended to use lotions from a decoction made from mint leaves, St. John's wort and oak bark. The broth is prepared from 3 tablespoons of the mixture in a glass of water. Wipes are moistened with a ready-made warm broth and applied to the affected skin.

Forecast and prevention

The prognosis for dermatoses, provoked by diabetes, depends on how completely it will be possible to correct the patient's condition and restore metabolism.

Prevention of the development of skin dermatoses is the use of special skin care. It is necessary to use only the mildest detergents, preferably without fragrances, use moisturizers. For hardened skin of the feet, use a pumice stone or special files. You should not cut off the formed corns yourself or use folk remedies to burn them out.

It is necessary to choose clothes only from natural fabrics, change linen, stockings or socks daily. Clothes need to be sized so that nothing chafes or squeezes the skin.

When small wounds form, you need to immediately disinfect the skin, but do not seal the wounds with a plaster. If you have any skin rash, see a dermatologist.

Impaired glucose metabolism in diabetic patients leads to the appearance of pathological changes in all, without exception, organs of the human body. The cause of skin pathology in diabetes mellitus is a high concentration of sugar and the accumulation of toxic products of distorted metabolism. This leads to structural changes not only in the dermis and epidermis, but also in the sebaceous, sweat glands and hair follicles.

Diabetics also have diabetic polyneuropathy and microangiopathy, which also negatively affect the skin. All these factors, as well as a decrease in general and local immunity, lead to the appearance of wounds, ulcers and purulent-septic processes.

Changes in the skin

Due to the disease, the skin of diabetics becomes very dry, rough to the touch, and its turgor decreases. Hair dulls and falls out more often than usual, since the hair follicle is very sensitive to metabolic disorders. But diffuse baldness speaks of poorly controlled diabetes or the development of complications. For example, hair loss on the lower legs in men may indicate neuropathy in the lower extremities.

The soles and palms are covered with cracks and calluses. Often, the skin becomes unhealthy yellowish. The nails thicken, deform, and hyperkeratosis of the subungual plate develops.

Often, dermatological symptoms such as dryness and itching of the skin and mucous membranes, recurrent skin fungal and bacterial infections, act as a signal of the onset of diabetes.

Classification of skin lesions in diabetes

In modern medicine, about 30 different dermatoses are described that develop against the background of this disease or precede it.

All skin pathologies in diabetics can be divided into 3 large groups:

• Primary - skin lesions that are caused by the direct action of complications of diabetes. Namely, diabetic neuro- and angiopathy and metabolic disorders. Primary pathologies include diabetic xanthomatosis, diabetic dermatopathies, lipoid necrobiosis, diabetic blisters, etc .;
• Secondary are skin diseases caused by bacterial and fungal infections, the frequent relapses of which occur due to diabetes mellitus;
• Dermatoses caused by drugs used in the treatment of diabetes. These include post-injection lipodystrophy, toxidermia, urticaria, eczematous reactions.

Diabetic skin lesions, as a rule, last for a long time, they are characterized by frequent exacerbations. They do not respond well to treatment.

Diabetic Dermatopathy

The most common skin lesion in diabetes mellitus. Angiopathy develops, that is, changes in microcirculation in the blood vessels that feed the skin with blood.

Dermopathy is manifested by the appearance of reddish-brown papules (5–12 mm in diameter) on the anterior surface of the legs. Over time, they merge into an oval or rounded atrophic spot with subsequent thinning of the skin. This skin lesion is revealed more often in men with a long history of diabetes mellitus.

Symptoms, as a rule, are absent, there is no pain, but sometimes in the places of lesions, patients feel itching or burning. There are no treatment methods for dermopathy, it can pass on its own in a year or two.

Lipoid necrobiosis

Chronic dermatosis, which is characterized by fatty degeneration and focal collagen disorganization. The cause of this disease is insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Mostly women aged 15 to 40 years old are ill, but necrobiosis lipoid can develop in any diabetic.

There is no direct relationship between the severity of the clinical manifestations of this dermatosis and the severity of diabetes.

The cause of this diabetic skin lesion is microangiopathy and secondary necrobiotic changes. If they are present, necrosis of elastic fibers, inflammation with migration of inflammatory agents to the focus of necrosis is observed. A significant role in the pathogenesis of necrobiosis is played by increased platelet aggregation, which, together with the proliferation of the endothelium, leads to thrombosis of small vessels.

Lipoid necrobiosis begins with the appearance on the skin of the leg of small single bluish-pink spots or flat smooth nodules of an oval or irregular shape. These elements tend to grow along the periphery with the further formation of elongated, well-delimited polycyclic or oval inductive-atrophic plaques. The yellowish-brown central part, which sinks slightly, and the cyanotic-red edge part rises somewhat. The surface of the plaques is smooth, rarely peeling at the periphery.

Over time, the central part of the plaques atrophies, spider veins (telangiectasias), slight hyperpigmentation, and in some cases ulceration areas appear on it. In most cases, there are no subjective sensations. Pain occurs during the appearance of ulcers.

The picture of skin lesions in necrobiosis lipoid is so characteristic that basically there is no need for additional research. Differential diagnosis is carried out only in atypical forms with sarcoidosis, annular granuloma, xanthomatosis.

Scientists believe that in 1/5 of diabetics, necrobiosis lipoidosis can appear 1-10 years before the development of specific symptoms of diabetes.

Treatment of necrobiosis lipoid

There is no effective treatment for necrobiosis lipoid infection. Drugs are recommended that normalize lipid metabolism and improve microcirculation. Vitamins and multivitamin complexes are also prescribed. Intrafocal injections of heparin, insulin, and corticosteroids are successfully used.

Outwardly shown:

• applications with a solution of Dimexide (25-30%);
• troxevasinic, heparin ointments;
• dressings with corticosteroid ointments.

Physiotherapy. Phono - or electrophoresis with hydrocortisone, aevit, trental. Laser therapy, rarely ulceration is removed by surgery.

Itchy dermatoses

This pathology is also called neurodermatitis, it is manifested by itching of the skin. Very often, neurodermatitis becomes the first symptom of diabetes. Localization mainly of the folds of the abdomen, limbs, genital area.

There is no direct relationship between the intensity of itching and the severity of diabetes. However, it has been noticed: the most persistent and severe itching is observed with "mute" (hidden) and mild diabetes mellitus. Neurodermatitis can also develop against the background of inadequate blood sugar control with established diabetes.

Fungal skin diseases in diabetics

Most often, candidiasis develops, the causative agent of Candida albicans. Recurrent candidiasis is one of the first symptoms of diabetes mellitus.

It occurs mainly in the elderly and obese patients. It is localized mainly in the genital area and large folds of the skin, as well as on the mucous membranes, in the interdigital folds. With any localization of candidiasis, its first sign is persistent and severe itching, then other objective symptoms of the disease join it.

At first, a whitish strip of macerated epidermis appears in the depths of the fold, and surface erosion and cracks are formed. Erosions have a shiny and moist surface; the defect itself is bluish-red and limited by a white rim. The main focus of candidiasis is surrounded by small superficial pustules and vesicles, which are its weeds. These elements of the rash open up and become erosions, thus, the area of \u200b\u200bthe erosive surface increases. The diagnosis can be easily confirmed by culture and microscopic examination.

Treatment of candidiasis in diabetes

Therapy should be comprehensive and include:

• antimycotic ointments or creams that must be applied until the rash disappears, and then another 7 days;
• solutions of aniline dyes, they can be alcohol or water (with a large lesion area). These include - 1% brilliant green solution, 2-3% methylene blue solution. Also, for local treatment, Castellani liquid and 10% boric acid ointment are used;
• systemic antifungal agents fluconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole. The common sense of prescribing these drugs is that they are quite effective, affordable, and thanks to them, you can quickly get rid of the symptoms of candidiasis.

Bacterial skin diseases in diabetics

The most common skin ailments in diabetes mellitus. The difficulty is that they are difficult to treat and lead to life-threatening complications such as sepsis or gangrene. Infected ulcers in diabetic foot can lead to leg amputation or death if not treated promptly.

Diabetics are much more likely than the rest of the population to have boils, carbuncles, pyoderma, phlegmon, erysipelas, paronychia and panaritium. They are usually caused by streptococci and staphylococci. The addition of infectious and inflammatory skin diseases leads to prolonged and severe exacerbations of diabetes and requires the appointment or increase in the dose of insulin.

Therapy of these diseases should be based on the results of studies of the type of pathogen and its sensitivity to antibiotics. The patient is prescribed tablet forms of broad-spectrum antibiotics. If necessary, surgical procedures are performed, for example, opening a boil, draining an abscess, etc.

Diabetic dermatoses such as diabetic bullae, rubeosis, acanthokeratoderma, diabetic scleroderma, diabetic xanthoma, disseminated annular granuloma are very rare.

Skin lesions in diabetics are quite common today. Treating these conditions involves certain difficulties. It should begin with successful blood sugar control and the selection of an adequate combination of diabetes medications. Without correction of carbohydrate metabolism in this group of patients, all methods of treatment are ineffective.

Diabetes mellitus is a disease belonging to a heterogeneous group. In the WHO definition, diabetes is indicated as a state of chronic hyperglycemia, which can be triggered by many factors, both external origin and genetic factors acting simultaneously. In the pathogenesis, there is an absolute absence of insulin (in the case of type 1 diabetes), or a relative deficiency in the context of resistance to this hormone and impaired insulin secretion (in the case of type 2 diabetes). We are talking about a chronic, incurable disease, the result of which is the development of complications and even pathological changes in organs - typical for diabetes are microvascular (retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy) and macrovascular (atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, coronary arteries of the lower extremities and the central nervous system) violations.

The clinical course of individual types of diabetes varies greatly, but a common symptom is the presence of hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin action in the tissues. Abnormalities also occur in the metabolism of fats, proteins and electrolytes, as well as in the management of the body's water resources.

Skin diseases in diabetes mellitus affect 25-50% of diabetics during their lifetime. The significant differences can be explained by different opinions regarding the assessment of the "specificity" of changes in the skin associated with diabetes, and the differences between different types of disease.

Cutaneous manifestations in diabetes, in terms of their relationship to carbohydrate metabolism, are classified as follows:

• skin changes associated with impaired carbohydrate metabolism, which occur mainly during metabolic decompensation, and disappear after stabilization of glucose values;
• skin changes unrelated to the present level of metabolic control (deteriorated skin condition associated with diabetic microangiopathy, macroangiopathy and neuropathy);
• skin changes as a result of diabetes treatment.

Diabetes can affect any part of the body, and the skin is no exception. In diabetes mellitus, the skin (i.e., a change in its condition) is often the first sign of the development of the disease. Many of these problems are common in healthy people, but diabetics develop more easily, such as itching or fungal and bacterial infections. Other complications characteristic of diabetes are disorders such as diabetic dermopathy, necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, diabetic blisters, and eruptive xanthomatosis.

Bacterial infections

People with diabetes mellitus often experience complications such as:

• barley;
• furunculosis;
• folliculitis;
• carbunculosis;
• infections affecting the area around the nail.

Inflamed tissue is predominantly hot to the touch, swollen, painful, and red. The most common cause of these infections is bacteria from the staphylococcus group.

The most common source of fungal infections in diabetics is the attractively named Candida albicans fungus. It promotes itchy rashes - red, moist spots surrounded by small blisters and crusty. The rash usually occurs in the folds of the skin (under the mammary glands, between the toes and arms, armpits, etc.).

Some common fungal infections of diabetics also include, for example, mycoses of the skin, tinea capitis - (a fungal infection of the groin) and vaginal mycosis.

Itching

Localized itching is often caused by diabetes. The cause can be not only a fungal infection, but also dry skin or poor circulation (it causes itching in the lower legs). Often times, moisturizing after bathing helps.

Diabetic dermopathy

Diabetes is a disease that causes changes in the network of small blood vessels. The consequences presented by skin lesions are called diabetic dermopathy. Light brown, scaly, oval patches form on the skin, mainly on the front of the legs. Such spots do not hurt, do not itch, and do not require special treatment.

It is a rare condition that, like diabetic dermopathy, is caused by changes in the blood vessels. But the spots are larger, deeper, and appear in smaller numbers. Dark red, raised areas form, which eventually develop into glossy scars with purple edges. The subcutaneous blood vessels become more visible. Sometimes itching, soreness or bursting occurs, in such cases it is necessary to see a doctor.

Diabetic blisters

Blisters can occur rarely (for example, in diabetic neuropathy), mainly in the folds of the fingers, hands, or feet. They are similar to burns, but not painful. Usually, they go away on their own without scars, after glycemic compensation.

Eruptive xanthomatosis

This is the idea of \u200b\u200banother cutaneous manifestation caused by decompensated diabetes. Formed yellowish, with red edges of the formation on the skin, which accumulate fatty substances. The rash itches. They most often affect people with high levels of cholesterol and blood fats.

Skin manifestations associated with metabolic disorders of connective tissue in patients with diabetes mellitus

Hyperglycemia leads to the binding of glucose to extracellular tissue proteins and fibrillar connective tissue proteins, collagen, elastin, and fibronectin. Changes in the structure affect the functions of various components of the connective tissue; degradation disorder leads to their local accumulation. T.N. diabetic hand syndrome includes frequent disorders of the musculoskeletal system.

In addition to structural and functional changes in collagen, vascular changes with gradual ischemia, microangiopathy and neuropathy also contribute to these symptoms.

• waxy skin syndrome is primarily characteristic of type 1 diabetes, but also occurs in people with type 2 diabetes who are often poorly metabolically compensated. The skin of the fingers and hands thickens, turns pale, a shiny surface appears (as in scleroderma), sometimes it can be compared to a wax coating. Changes are often discrete, often detected only on palpation. The joints are only slightly affected, there is a thickening of the joint capsules with impaired joint mobility, as a rule, due to which the fingers are in a permanent bent state
• dupuytren's contracture is an additional medical unit that occurs in the population of patients with diabetes mellitus 2-3 times more often than among the healthy population. We are talking about a painless thickening and shortening of the palmar aponeurosis, which limits the mobility of the fingers. Massage and ultrasound can slow down the disorder, more severe forms must be surgically addressed;
• bushke's scleredema affects diabetics 4 times more often than the healthy population, especially obese middle-aged men. It comes to induration of the skin, which occurs most often on the dorsolateral parts of the neck and upper back, sometimes with the presence of erythema. The surface of the skin may have the characteristic orange peel appearance. Effective treatment is not yet known, and diabetes control does not affect the course of the disorder.

• acanthosis psans is clinically manifested by not sharply demarcated areas with intense brown-black pigmentation and rough skin. Most often, it is localized in the armpits and neck region. The disorder is caused by papillomatous hyperplasia of the epidermis and may be associated with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. Along with diabetics, it also occurs in people with other endocrine diseases (acromegaly, Cushing's syndrome, hyperandrogenism);
• vitiligo is a chronic skin disease of unknown etiology characterized by the loss of melanin in certain areas of the skin. Clinically, the disease manifests itself in light (sometimes even white), sharply delineated round areas, especially on the face, neck, arms and abdomen. The disease is much more common in people with diabetes than in healthy people.

Skin complications of diabetes mellitus treatment

Allergic reactions to insulin injections have all but disappeared with the increased use of the human hormone. Often, however, insulin lipodystrophy occurs, which appears in two clinical variants, such as atrophy or hypertrophy of the subcutaneous tissue. The changes affect the skin and subcutaneous structures. Among the reasons should be noted repeated trauma with daily injections or cannulas of an insulin pump and the local metabolic effects of insulin on adipose tissue.

The skin separates and protects the internal environment of the body from external influences and performs many functions. Undoubtedly, she is a mirror of the human body. Skin reactions can be the first signal of tissue and organ damage, or a sign of certain diseases that have not yet been diagnosed. The main factors that can warn a doctor about the possible occurrence of diabetes mellitus or other diseases are non-healing skin lesions that do not respond to traditional therapies, age increase, obesity, and the prevalence of diabetes in a family history.

Diabetes mellitus is a disease that is often accompanied by skin lesions. In order to prevent skin changes or improve existing manifestations, regular care and adherence to the drinking regime is necessary. For washing, it is recommended to use neutral soaps that do not damage the skin, do not cause irritation and do not dry out. Bathing in the tub should be replaced with a shower. After washing, it is always appropriate to apply emollient creams. In case of injury, the wound should be rinsed with clean water and covered with a sterile dressing. Products containing iodine, alcohol and peroxide should not be used due to potential skin irritation.

In this article, we will talk about diabetes symptoms of a photo, study the signs of diabetes mellitus, find out how ulcers and spots on the legs look in case of diabetes mellitus photo, and also see a rash in case of diabetes mellitus photo.

Symptoms of diabetes mellitus are varied, one in twentieth suffers from them. A large number of people have latent diabetes or a genetic predisposition to it. Therefore, it is important to be well aware of the signs of diabetes mellitus in order to see a doctor for help in time.

Clinical picture

What doctors say about diabetes

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Aronova S.M.

For many years I have been studying the problem of DIABETES. It is scary when so many people die, and even more become disabled due to diabetes.

I hasten to announce the good news - the Endocrinological Research Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences managed to develop a drug that completely cures diabetes mellitus. At the moment, the effectiveness of this drug is close to 100%.

More good news: the Ministry of Health has achieved the adoption special program, for which the entire cost of the drug is compensated. Diabetics in Russia and CIS countries before can get a remedy IS FREE.

Learn more \u003e\u003e

Diabetes mellitus: signs and symptoms

An early sign of the disease may be the deterioration of the healing process of the smallest wounds. Furuncles and acne with diabetes (photo 2) also refer to early signals of trouble with the pancreas.

Itching in diabetes mellitus (photo below) is observed in 80% of cases.
Diabetes mellitus is indicated by increased pigmentation of skin folds and the appearance of small warts around them (acanthosis).

And such rashes on the skin with diabetes mellitus (photo in gal), as diabetic pemphigus, indicate deep skin lesions and require surgical intervention.

Spots on the legs with diabetes

Dermatoses - spots on the legs with diabetes mellitus (in photo 3) - are more often located on the lower leg, but there are other favorite places of localization. White rounded spots in diabetes mellitus - vitiligo - serve as a signal for the development of the disease. Yellow lumps - xanthomatosis - indicate an increase in blood sugar.

be careful

According to the WHO, 2 million people die from diabetes mellitus and the complications caused by it every year. In the absence of qualified support for the body, diabetes leads to various complications, gradually destroying the human body.

The most common complications are: diabetic gangrene, nephropathy, retinopathy, trophic ulcers, hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis. Diabetes can also lead to the development of cancerous tumors. In almost all cases, a diabetic either dies fighting a painful illness or becomes a real disabled person.

What should people with diabetes do? The Endocrinological Research Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences succeeded make a remedy completely curing diabetes.

Currently, the Federal Program "Healthy Nation" is underway, under which every citizen of the Russian Federation and the CIS is given this drug IS FREE... For details, see official website MINISTRY OF HEALTH.

Rashes in diabetes mellitus (photo in the gallery) can also be in the form of large bluish-red spots of irregular shape, prone to increase. Such signs of diabetes in women are much more common than in men. This is the so-called necrobiosis lipoid.

Gradually, on the lower legs, the skin becomes thin, rough and dry. With an increase in dystrophic processes, leg ulcers occur in diabetes mellitus (in photo 4). This process is facilitated by a decrease in sensitivity - minor abrasions and sores on the legs with diabetes mellitus (photo in gal) do not alert a person.

The main causes of occurrence ulcers in diabetes mellitus - these are previous bruises, calluses and microtrauma. But the true factors causing leg ulcers in diabetes mellitus, of course, lie much deeper in the violation of blood supply and innervation of the lower extremities. The ulcers become infected and spread over the surface of the leg.

Our readers write

Theme: Defeated diabetes

From whom: Lyudmila S ( [email protected])

To: Administration of my-diabet.ru

At the age of 47, I was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. In a few weeks, I gained almost 15 kg. Constant fatigue, drowsiness, feeling of weakness, vision began to sink. When I turned 66, I was already stably injecting myself with insulin, everything was very bad ...

And here is my story

The disease continued to develop, periodical attacks began, the ambulance literally returned me from the other world. All the time I thought that this time would be the last ...

Everything changed when my daughter let me read one article on the Internet. You can't imagine how grateful I am to her for that. This article helped me completely get rid of diabetes, a supposedly incurable disease. The last 2 years I started to move more, in the spring and summer I go to the country house every day, with my husband we lead an active lifestyle, we travel a lot. Everyone is surprised how I manage to do everything, where so much strength and energy comes from, they still won't believe that I am 66 years old.

Who wants to live a long, energetic life and forget about this terrible disease forever, take 5 minutes and read this article.

Go to article \u003e\u003e\u003e

Diabetes rash

Skin rashes in diabetes mellitus (photo 5) take on a varied appearance. Due to metabolic disorders on the skin of the leg, round, painless red-brown nodules 5-12 mm in diameter appear.

Acne rash with diabetes (pictured below) arises from the body's desire to excrete excess glucose through the sweat glands of the skin. Reduced immunity contributes to the attachment of bacterial flora - pustules are formed. Diabetic rash occurs in 30-35% of patients.

Usually diabetes mellitus gives complications to the legs. In them, blood circulation is disturbed, this leads to serious consequences. Legs with diabetes (in photo 5) gradually lose sensitivity to temperature, painful and tactile stimuli.

The foot with diabetes mellitus (photo below) suffers from congestion in the venous system, often sends pain signals when walking, and sometimes at rest. But another condition is more dangerous - when a limb, due to the destruction of nerve endings, loses sensitivity and trophic ulcers develop on it. Redness of the leg with diabetes in the form of spots indicates the development of a diabetic foot. This is a late stage of the disease.

Stories from our readers

Defeated diabetes at home. It's been a month since I forgot about the surges in sugar and insulin intake. Oh, how I suffered before, constant fainting, ambulance calls ... How many times I went to endocrinologists, but they only repeat one thing - "Take insulin." And now the 5th week has gone, as the blood sugar level is normal, not a single injection of insulin and all thanks to this article. Everyone with diabetes should read it!

Read the full article \u003e\u003e\u003e

Diabetes Nails

Symptoms of diabetes mellitus also appear in the form of deformation of the fingers and nails. Toes with diabetes mellitus (photo below) thicken, deform, red or bluish spots appear on them.

They have a characteristic form nails with diabetes (in photo 6): they become brittle, exfoliate, often grow into the skin corners. Often the associated fungal infection is to blame. The fragility of the capillaries, especially with tight shoes, leads to hemorrhages under the nail plate, and the nails turn black.

Gangrene in diabetes mellitus

Studying the question what is diabetes mellitus, one cannot ignore its most serious complication - gangrene in diabetes mellitus (in photo 7), which creates a danger to the patient's life. Non-healing wounds on the legs in diabetes mellitus can exist for several years. Their outcome is wet or dry. gangrene of the lower extremities (photo below). With diabetes mellitus, this happens, alas, often with a long duration of the disease. Gangrene in diabetes mellitus requires surgery.

Having got acquainted in detail with how diabetes mellitus looks (photo in gal) at all stages, it is easier to assess the danger of its individual symptoms. By revealing signs of diabetes, you must immediately contact a specialist for help. This will make it possible to prevent serious consequences. Diabetes mellitus does not forgive delays in treatment.

Diabetes mellitus pictures and photos (gallery)

Drawing conclusions

If you are reading these lines, we can conclude that you or your loved ones are sick with diabetes.

We conducted an investigation, studied a bunch of materials and, most importantly, tested most of the methods and drugs for diabetes. The verdict is as follows:

If all drugs were given, then only a temporary result, as soon as the reception was stopped, the disease intensified sharply.

The only drug that has shown significant results is Difort.

At the moment, this is the only drug that can completely cure diabetes mellitus. Difort showed a particularly strong effect in the early stages of the development of diabetes mellitus.

We made a request to the Ministry of Health:

And for the readers of our site now there is an opportunity
get Difort IS FREE!

Attention! Cases of sale of counterfeit drug Difort have become more frequent.
By placing an order using the links above, you are guaranteed to receive a quality product from an official manufacturer. Also, ordering for official website, you receive a money-back guarantee (including travel costs) if the drug does not have a therapeutic effect.

Skin changes are common in many people with diabetes. In some cases, they may even be the first symptom to diagnose a disease. About a third of people with this pathology develop symptoms such as itching, fungal or bacterial infections during their lifetime. Other, more rare skin complications develop. Many cosmetics have been developed to deeply moisturize the skin and relieve symptoms. They usually provide temporary relief and must be used regularly for optimal results.

Infectious complications are the most dangerous in diabetes. To prevent them, you need to follow the rules of care.

Itchy skin

Itchy skin is one of the first signs of diabetes. It is often caused by damage to nerve fibers located in the upper layers of the dermis, associated with high blood sugar levels. However, even before nerves are damaged, an inflammatory reaction occurs in them with the release of active substances - cytokines, which cause itching. In severe cases, this symptom is associated with hepatic or renal failure, resulting from diabetic tissue damage.

Some skin diseases are accompanied by itching:

• fungal infection of the feet;
• infections;
• lipoid necrobiosis.

Diabetic itching usually begins on the lower extremities. In these same areas, skin sensitivity is often lost and tingling or burning sensation appears. The patient feels discomfort from ordinary clothes, often wakes up at night, feels a constant need to scratch. At the same time, there may be no other external signs of the disease.

Dependence of skin lesions on the type of diabetes

The lesions listed below are much more common in people with diabetes than on average. However, some of them are more typical for a particular type of disease.

With type 1 disease, the following are more common:

• periungual telangiectasias;
• lipoid necrobiosis;
• diabetic bullae;
• vitiligo;
• lichen planus.

Individuals with type 2 pathology are more often observed:

• sclerotic changes;
• diabetic dermatopathy;
• xanthomas.

Infectious lesions are observed in people with both types of diabetes, but still more often in the second of them.

Typical skin changes

Dermatologists have noted a variety of skin problems in diabetes. Different pathological processes have a different nature and, therefore, different treatment. Therefore, when the first skin changes appear, it is necessary to consult an endocrinologist.

Diabetic Dermatopathy

It is accompanied by the appearance of spots on the front surfaces of the legs. It is the most common skin change in diabetes and often indicates inadequate treatment. Dermatopathy is small, round or oval brown spots on the skin, very similar to pigmented spots (moles).

They are usually seen on the anterior surface of the shins, but in asymmetrical areas. The spots are not itchy or painful and require no treatment. The reason for the appearance of these changes is diabetic microangiopathy, that is, damage to the capillary bed.

Lipoid necrobiosis

The disease is associated with damage to the smallest skin vessels. Clinically characterized by the appearance of one or more soft yellowish-brown plaques that develop slowly on the anterior surface of the lower leg over several months. They can persist for several years. In some patients, lesions occur on the chest, upper limbs, and trunk.

At the beginning of the pathology, brown-red or flesh-colored papules appear, which are slowly covered with a waxy coating. The surrounding border is slightly raised, while the center drops and takes on a yellow-orange tint. The epidermis becomes atrophic, thinned, shiny, numerous telangiectasias are visible on its surface.

The lesions are prone to peripheral dew and confluence. In this case, polycyclic figures are formed. The plaques can ulcerate, and as the ulcers heal, scars form.

If necrobiosis does not affect the lower leg, but other parts of the body, plaques can be located on a raised, edematous base, covered with small bubbles. In this case, atrophy of the dermis does not occur.

1. Diabetic dermatopathy
2. Lipoid necrobiosis

Periungual telangiectasias

They appear as red dilated thin vessels, to

which are the result of the loss of the normal microvasculature and the expansion of the remaining capillaries. In persons with diabetic lesions, this symptom is observed in half of the cases. It is often associated with redness of the periungual fold, tissue soreness, persistent burrs and cuticle trauma.

Vitiligo

The appearance of light skin spots usually occurs in type 1 diabetes in 7% of patients. The disease develops at the age of 20-30 years and is associated with polyendocrinopathy, including insufficiency of adrenal function, autoimmune damage to the thyroid gland and pathology of the pituitary gland. can be combined with gastritis, pernicious anemia, hair loss.

The disease is difficult to treat. Patients are advised to avoid sunlight and use sunscreen with an ultraviolet filter. For isolated small spots on the face, glucocorticosteroid ointments can be used.

1. Periungual telangiectasias
2. Vitiligo

Lichen planus

This skin lesion is observed in patients with type 1 diabetes. Clinically manifests itself as flat, irregular redness on the wrists, dorsum of the foot, and lower legs. Also, pathology affects the oral cavity in the form of white stripes. It is necessary to distinguish these manifestations from side lichenoid reactions to drugs (for example, anti-inflammatory or antihypertensive drugs), but accurate differentiation is possible only after histological examination of the lesion.

Diabetic blisters (bullae)

This skin condition is rare, but indicates persistently high blood sugar. Diabetic bullae are very similar to the blisters that occur with burns. They are localized on the palms, feet, forearms, and lower extremities. Within several weeks, the lesions disappear spontaneously, unless a secondary infection has joined and suppuration has not developed. The complication often affects men.

Trauma is the usual cause of bullous dermatosis, but lesions can occur spontaneously. The size of an individual bladder varies from a few millimeters to 5 cm.

The origin of diabetic bullae is unclear. They contain a clear liquid and subsequently heal without leaving scars. Only sometimes small scars remain, which respond well to external treatment.

The disease is associated with poor disease control and high blood sugar levels.

1. Lichen planus
2. Diabetic bullae

Diabetic rubeosis

This is a permanent or temporary redness of the epidermis of the cheeks, less often the forehead or extremities. It is associated with a deterioration in capillary blood filling in microangiopathy.

Pyoderma

Cutaneous manifestations of diabetes mellitus often include infectious lesions. This is due to a decrease in immunity and impaired blood supply. Any infection that occurs against the background of diabetic angiopathy is more severe. Such people are more likely to develop carbuncles, acne, and other types.

A typical skin lesion in diabetes is. This is a deep inflammation of the hair follicle, leading to the formation of an abscess. Red, swollen, painful nodules appear on the hairy skin. This is often the first symptom of diabetes.

1. Diabetic rubeosis
2. Pyoderma

Fungal infections

Skin diseases in diabetes mellitus are often associated with fungal infection. Particularly favorable conditions are created for the reproduction of fungi of the genus Candida. Most often, damage develops in skin folds with high temperature and humidity, for example, under the mammary glands. The interdigital spaces on the hands and feet, the corners of the mouth, the armpits, the groin areas and the genitals are also affected. The disease is accompanied by itching, burning, redness, white bloom on the affected areas. Can develop and.

Annular granuloma

It is a chronic, recurrent skin disease with a different clinical picture. The rash can be single or multiple, located subcutaneously or in the form of nodes. In diabetes, there is a predominantly disseminated (common) form.

Externally, the lesion appears as thick papules (tubercles) in the form of lenses and nodules of pink-purple or flesh-colored. They merge into numerous annular plaques with a smooth surface. They are located on the shoulders, upper body, on the back of the palms and soles, in the back of the head, on the face. The number of elements of the rash can reach several hundred, and their size is up to 5 cm. Complaints are usually absent, sometimes there is a moderate intermittent itching.

1. Fungal infections
2. Annular granuloma

Diabetic skin sclerosis

Skin changes are caused by edema of the upper dermis, a violation of the structure of collagen, the accumulation of type 3 collagen and acidic mucopolysaccharides.

Sclerosis is part of the “diabetic hand” syndrome, affects about one third of people with insulin-dependent disease and clinically resembles progressive disease. Very dry skin on the dorsum of the palms and fingers thickens and tightens, in the area of \u200b\u200bthe interphalangeal joints it becomes rough.

The process can spread to the forearms and even the trunk, mimicking scleroderma. Active and passive movement in the joints is limited, the fingers of the hand assume a constant position of moderate flexion.

Redness and thickening of the skin on the upper torso may also occur. This is observed in 15% of patients. The affected areas are sharply delimited from the healthy skin. This condition is 10 times more common in men. The process begins gradually, is poorly diagnosed, usually occurs in obese individuals.

Xanthomas

Poor blood sugar control can lead to the development of xanthomas, yellow papules (rashes) that are located on the back of the limbs. Xanthomas are associated with elevated blood lipids. In this condition, fats accumulate in the skin cells.

1. Diabetic skin sclerosis
2. Xanthomas

Diabetic gangrene

It is a severe infection of the foot that occurs when the blood supply to the limbs is severely compromised. It affects the toes and heels. Outwardly, the lesion looks like a black necrotic area, delimited from healthy tissue by a reddened inflammatory zone. The disease requires urgent treatment; part of the limb may need to be amputated.

Diabetic ulcer

It is a round, deep, poorly healing lesion. It most often occurs on the feet and at the base of the big toe. An ulcer occurs under the influence of various factors, such as:

• flat feet and other deformities of the bone skeleton of the foot;
• peripheral neuropathy (damage to nerve fibers);
• atherosclerosis of peripheral arteries.

All these conditions are more common in diabetes.

1. Diabetic gangrene
2. Diabetic ulcer

Acanthosis black

It manifests itself as symmetric hyperpigmented changes in the form of skin plaques, which are located on the flexor surfaces of the joints and areas subject to intense friction. Keratinous symmetrical dark plaques are also located in the axillary folds, in the neck, on the palms.

More often it is associated with insulin resistance and obesity, less often it can be a sign of a malignant tumor. Also, acanthosis is one of the signs of Cushing's syndrome, acromegaly, polycystic ovary, hypothyroidism, hyperandrogenism and other endocrine dysfunctions.

Cerny acanthosis

Treatment

How and how to relieve itching in diabetes?

The first rule is the normalization of blood sugar levels, that is, a full treatment of the underlying disease.

For itching without other external signs, the following recommendations can help:

• do not take hot baths that dry the skin;
• apply a moisturizing lotion all over the body immediately after the skin dries when washing, with the exception of the interdigital spaces;
• avoid moisturizers with dyes and fragrances, it is best to use hypoallergenic products or special pharmaceuticals for skin care for diabetes;
• follow the necessary diet, avoid the use of simple carbohydrates.

Skin care for diabetes also includes the following rules:

• use a mild neutral soap, rinse it off well and gently dry the skin surface without rubbing it;
• gently blot the area of \u200b\u200bthe interdigital spaces, avoid excessive sweating of the feet;
• avoid injury to the skin, periungual roller, cuticle when caring for nails;
• use only cotton underwear and socks;
• if possible, wear open shoes that allow the feet to be well ventilated;
• if any spots or damage appear, consult an endocrinologist.

Permanently dry skin can crack and become infected. In the future, this can cause serious complications. Therefore, if damage occurs, a doctor's consultation is necessary. In addition to drugs that improve blood circulation and peripheral nerve function (for example, Berlition), an endocrinologist may prescribe healing ointments. The most effective ones for diabetes are:

• Bepanten, Pantoderm, D-Panthenol: for dryness, cracks, abrasions;
• Methyluracil, Stizamet: for poorly healing wounds, diabetic ulcers;
• Reparef: for purulent wounds, trophic ulcers;
• Solcoseryl: gel - for fresh, weeping lesions, ointment - for dry, healing wounds;
• Ebermin: very effective remedy for trophic ulcers.

Treatment should only be carried out under the supervision of a physician. Diabetes infection spreads very quickly and affects the deep layers of the skin. Impaired blood supply and innervation create conditions for tissue necrosis and gangrene formation. Treatment for this condition is usually surgical.

Insulin skin reactions

Remember that many diabetic skin lesions are associated with insulin administration. Protein impurities in the preparation, preservatives, the hormone molecule itself can cause allergic reactions:

• Local reactions reach maximum severity within 30 minutes and disappear after an hour. Manifested by redness, sometimes occurs.
• Systemic manifestations lead to the appearance of skin redness and diffuse urticarial rash. Anaphylactic reactions are uncommon.
• Late hypersensitivity reactions are common. They are noted 2 weeks after the start of insulin administration: an itchy nodule appears at the injection site 4-24 hours after it.

Other complications of insulin injections include formation, keratinization of the skin, purpura, and localized pigmentation. Insulin therapy can also lead to lipoatrophy - a limited reduction in the volume of adipose tissue at the injection site 6-24 months after starting treatment. Children and women with obesity suffer from this pathology more often.

Lipohypertrophy is clinically similar (wen) and appears as soft nodes at the site of frequent injections.